https://github.com/mrexodia/rosetta-multipass
Use Rosetta to run amd64 binaries on your M1 with Multipass.
https://github.com/mrexodia/rosetta-multipass
amd64 m1 m1-mac macos multipass rosetta virtualization x86 x86-64
Last synced: 4 months ago
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Use Rosetta to run amd64 binaries on your M1 with Multipass.
- Host: GitHub
- URL: https://github.com/mrexodia/rosetta-multipass
- Owner: mrexodia
- License: mit
- Created: 2023-03-28T23:43:44.000Z (over 2 years ago)
- Default Branch: main
- Last Pushed: 2023-03-28T23:46:29.000Z (over 2 years ago)
- Last Synced: 2025-03-18T02:03:14.593Z (7 months ago)
- Topics: amd64, m1, m1-mac, macos, multipass, rosetta, virtualization, x86, x86-64
- Language: Python
- Homepage:
- Size: 11.7 KB
- Stars: 40
- Watchers: 4
- Forks: 4
- Open Issues: 1
-
Metadata Files:
- Readme: README.md
- License: LICENSE
Awesome Lists containing this project
README
# rosetta-multipass
Would you also like to run `amd64` binaries in your [Multipass](https://multipass.run/) VMs on an M1 Mac? This is a guide/tool to enable [Rosetta](https://developer.apple.com/documentation/virtualization/running_intel_binaries_in_linux_vms_with_rosetta) without official support from Multipass.
## Rosetta Installation (macOS host)
First you need to [install Rosetta](https://osxdaily.com/2020/12/04/how-install-rosetta-2-apple-silicon-mac/) on your host system:
```sh
softwareupdate --install-rosetta --agree-to-license
```
You should now have the `rosetta` translator binary:
```sh
% tree /Library/Apple/usr/libexec/oah
/Library/Apple/usr/libexec/oah
├── RosettaLinux
│ └── rosetta # <- this one
├── debugserver -> /usr/libexec/rosetta/debugserver
├── libRosettaRuntime
├── runtime -> /usr/libexec/rosetta/runtime
└── translate_tool -> /usr/libexec/rosetta/translate_tool
```
**Note**: If you do not get the `RosettaLinux/rosetta` binary, try following the [UTM Rosetta Guide](https://docs.getutm.app/advanced/rosetta/) first, which should install Rosetta for you.
## Rosetta Installation (Ubuntu guest)
Copy the `RosettaLinux/rosetta` binary to your guest VM. In this example the binary has been copied to `/bin/rosetta`, but any path should work. Make sure that you can run the binary from inside the VM:
```
$ /bin/rosetta
rosetta error: Rosetta is only intended to run on Apple Silicon with a macOS host using Virtualization.framework with Rosetta mode enabled
Trace/breakpoint trap (core dumped)
```
The error is expected, you can read more about it in a [Quick look at Rosetta on Linux](https://threedots.ovh/blog/2022/06/quick-look-at-rosetta-on-linux/).
### Using `mount-rosetta.py`
To fix the error you can create a FUSE mount using `mount-rosetta.py`, which implements the `ioctl` required for the Rosetta handshake:
```sh
sudo apt install libfuse2
sudo python -m pip install fusepy
```
**Note**: To mount without root, edit `/etc/fuse.conf` and uncomment `user_allow_other`. This shouldn't be necessary unless you are developing the script.
Now you can run the script:
```sh
sudo python mount-rosetta.py /bin/rosetta
```
This will shadow the `/bin/rosetta` binary and handle the necessary `ioctl` calls. To confirm you you can run:
```sh
$ /bin/rosetta
Usage: rosetta
Optional environment variables:
ROSETTA_DEBUGSERVER_PORT wait for a debugger connection on given port
version: Rosetta-289.7
```
**Note**: You will have to run `mount-rosetta.py` in the background.
### Installing the binfmt handler (guest)
To register `rosetta` for `amd64` binaries:
```
sudo apt install binfmt-support
sudo update-binfmts --install rosetta /bin/rosetta \
--magic "\x7fELF\x02\x01\x01\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x02\x00\x3e\x00" \
--mask "\xff\xff\xff\xff\xff\xfe\xfe\x00\xff\xff\xff\xff\xff\xff\xff\xff\xfe\xff\xff\xff" \
--credentials yes --preserve no --fix-binary no
```
**Important**: If you want to use `--fix-binary yes` you will have to run `mount-rosetta.py` before the `update-binfmts` command.
### Running an `amd64` executable
You should now be able to execute a statically linked executable:
```sh
$ ./tests/main-static
Hello from Rosetta!
```
### Creating a service
You can create `/etc/systemd/system/rosetta.service`:
```
[Unit]
Description=Rosetta Mount Service
[Service]
ExecStart=/usr/bin/python3 /home/ubuntu/.local/bin/mount-rosetta.py /bin/rosetta
Environment=PYTHONUNBUFFERED=1
Restart=on-failure
[Install]
WantedBy=default.target
```
See [here](https://github.com/torfsen/python-systemd-tutorial) for more information.
```
sudo systemctl list-unit-files | grep rosetta
sudo systemctl enable rosetta.service
sudo systemctl start rosetta.service
```
## Installing shared libraries (experimental)
**Warning**: This section is super experimental and unlikely to yield great results. That being said, it is possible to run clang compiled for `amd64` and build something.
Running a dynamically linked binary will not work properly at this point:
```
$ ./tests/main-dynamic
./tests/main-dynamic: error while loading shared libraries: libc.so.6: cannot open shared object file: No such file or directory
```
To fix this (only tested on Ubuntu 22.04) you can run the following commands:
```
sudo apt install g++-multilib-x86-64-linux-gnu gcc-multilib-x86-64-linux-gnu
sudo ln -s /usr/x86_64-linux-gnu/lib64 /lib64
export LD_LIBRARY_PATH=/usr/x86_64-linux-gnu/lib
```
At this point things are working:
```
./tests/main-dynamic
Hello from Rosetta!
```
**Note**: For other distributions you can search for `multilib` or `multiarch` packages or look for guides on getting qemu usermode emulation to work.
### Fixing some dynamic linker errors
Since `/usr/x86_64-linux-gnu` is meant for compiling things and not running you might have to replace some `.so` files that are actually linker scripts with the binaries:
```
$ sudo -i
$ cd /usr/x86_64-linux-gnu/lib
$ rg GROUP # lists fake files
libc.so
5:GROUP ( /usr/x86_64-linux-gnu/lib/libc.so.6 /usr/x86_64-linux-gnu/lib/libc_nonshared.a AS_NEEDED ( /usr/x86_64-linux-gnu/lib64/ld-linux-x86-64.so.2 ) )
libm.so
4:GROUP ( /usr/x86_64-linux-gnu/lib/libm.so.6 AS_NEEDED ( /usr/x86_64-linux-gnu/lib/libmvec.so.1 ) )
$ mv libc.so libc.so.script
$ cp libc.so.6 libc.so
$ mv libm.so libm.so.script
$ cp libm.so.6 libm.so
```
### Cross-compiling libraries
If you need to install something like [zlib](https://zlib.net) for `amd64` you can use [Zig](https://zig.news/kristoff/cross-compile-a-c-c-project-with-zig-3599) for easy cross compiling:
```
sudo snap install zig --classic --edge
git clone https://github.com/madler/zlib
cd zlib
CC="zig cc -target x86_64-linux-musl" CXX="zig c++ -target x86_64-linux-musl" AR="zig ar" RANLIB="zig ranlib" uname_S="Linux" uname_M="x86_64" C11_ATOMIC=yes USE_JEMALLOC=no USE_SYSTEMD=no ./configure --prefix /usr/x86_64-linux-gnu
make
sudo make install
```
For CMake project you can use [zig-cross](https://github.com/mrexodia/zig-cross) as a base.
### Multithreading
According to [Quick look at Rosetta on Linux](https://threedots.ovh/blog/2022/06/quick-look-at-rosetta-on-linux/) you might run into issues if the VM is not running in Total Store Ordering (TSO) mode. The solution should be to wrap `rosetta` in a `taskset` command during `update-binfmts`. This was not explored further.