https://github.com/multiformats/js-multiformats
Multiformats interface (multihash, multicodec, multibase and CID)
https://github.com/multiformats/js-multiformats
Last synced: 7 days ago
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Multiformats interface (multihash, multicodec, multibase and CID)
- Host: GitHub
- URL: https://github.com/multiformats/js-multiformats
- Owner: multiformats
- License: other
- Created: 2020-04-22T00:58:33.000Z (almost 5 years ago)
- Default Branch: master
- Last Pushed: 2024-10-29T23:28:49.000Z (6 months ago)
- Last Synced: 2024-10-30T01:51:37.456Z (6 months ago)
- Language: TypeScript
- Homepage:
- Size: 1.97 MB
- Stars: 232
- Watchers: 19
- Forks: 53
- Open Issues: 39
-
Metadata Files:
- Readme: README.md
- Changelog: CHANGELOG.md
- License: LICENSE
Awesome Lists containing this project
- jimsghstars - multiformats/js-multiformats - Multiformats interface (multihash, multicodec, multibase and CID) (TypeScript)
README
# multiformats
[](http://multiformats.io)
[](https://codecov.io/gh/multiformats/js-multiformats)
[](https://github.com/multiformats/js-multiformats/actions/workflows/js-test-and-release.yml?query=branch%3Amaster)
> Interface for multihash, multicodec, multibase and CID
# About
This library defines common interfaces and low level building blocks for various interrelated multiformat technologies (multicodec, multihash, multibase, and CID). They can be used to implement custom base encoders / decoders / codecs, codec encoders /decoders and multihash hashers that comply to the interface that layers above assume.
This library provides implementations for most basics and many others can be found in linked repositories.
```TypeScript
import { CID } from 'multiformats/cid'
import * as json from 'multiformats/codecs/json'
import { sha256 } from 'multiformats/hashes/sha2'
const bytes = json.encode({ hello: 'world' })
const hash = await sha256.digest(bytes)
const cid = CID.create(1, json.code, hash)
//> CID(bagaaierasords4njcts6vs7qvdjfcvgnume4hqohf65zsfguprqphs3icwea)
```
## Creating Blocks
```TypeScript
import * as Block from 'multiformats/block'
import * as codec from '@ipld/dag-cbor'
import { sha256 as hasher } from 'multiformats/hashes/sha2'
const value = { hello: 'world' }
// encode a block
let block = await Block.encode({ value, codec, hasher })
block.value // { hello: 'world' }
block.bytes // Uint8Array
block.cid // CID() w/ sha2-256 hash address and dag-cbor codec
// you can also decode blocks from their binary state
block = await Block.decode({ bytes: block.bytes, codec, hasher })
// if you have the cid you can also verify the hash on decode
block = await Block.create({ bytes: block.bytes, cid: block.cid, codec, hasher })
```
## Multibase Encoders / Decoders / Codecs
CIDs can be serialized to string representation using multibase encoders that implement [`MultibaseEncoder`](https://github.com/multiformats/js-multiformats/blob/master/src/bases/interface.ts) interface. This library provides quite a few implementations that can be imported:
```TypeScript
import { base64 } from "multiformats/bases/base64"
cid.toString(base64.encoder)
//> 'mAYAEEiCTojlxqRTl6svwqNJRVM2jCcPBxy+7mRTUfGDzy2gViA'
```
Parsing CID string serialized CIDs requires multibase decoder that implements [`MultibaseDecoder`](https://github.com/multiformats/js-multiformats/blob/master/src/bases/interface.ts) interface. This library provides a decoder for every encoder it provides:
```TypeScript
CID.parse('mAYAEEiCTojlxqRTl6svwqNJRVM2jCcPBxy+7mRTUfGDzy2gViA', base64.decoder)
//> CID(bagaaierasords4njcts6vs7qvdjfcvgnume4hqohf65zsfguprqphs3icwea)
```
Dual of multibase encoder & decoder is defined as multibase codec and it exposes
them as `encoder` and `decoder` properties. For added convenience codecs also
implement `MultibaseEncoder` and `MultibaseDecoder` interfaces so they could be
used as either or both:
```TypeScript
cid.toString(base64)
CID.parse(cid.toString(base64), base64)
```
**Note:** CID implementation comes bundled with `base32`, `base36`, and `base58btc`
multibase codecs so that CIDs can be base serialized to (version specific)
default base encoding and parsed without having to supply base encoders/decoders:
```TypeScript
const v1 = CID.parse('bagaaierasords4njcts6vs7qvdjfcvgnume4hqohf65zsfguprqphs3icwea')
v1.toString()
//> 'bagaaierasords4njcts6vs7qvdjfcvgnume4hqohf65zsfguprqphs3icwea'
const v0 = CID.parse('QmdfTbBqBPQ7VNxZEYEj14VmRuZBkqFbiwReogJgS1zR1n')
v0.toString()
//> 'QmdfTbBqBPQ7VNxZEYEj14VmRuZBkqFbiwReogJgS1zR1n'
v0.toV1().toString()
//> 'bafybeihdwdcefgh4dqkjv67uzcmw7ojee6xedzdetojuzjevtenxquvyku'
```
## Multicodec Encoders / Decoders / Codecs
This library defines [`BlockEncoder`, `BlockDecoder` and `BlockCodec` interfaces](https://github.com/multiformats/js-multiformats/blob/master/src/codecs/interface.ts).
Codec implementations should conform to the `BlockCodec` interface which implements both `BlockEncoder` and `BlockDecoder`.
Here is an example implementation of JSON `BlockCodec`.
```TypeScript
export const { name, code, encode, decode } = {
name: 'json',
code: 0x0200,
encode: json => new TextEncoder().encode(JSON.stringify(json)),
decode: bytes => JSON.parse(new TextDecoder().decode(bytes))
}
```
## Multihash Hashers
This library defines [`MultihashHasher` and `MultihashDigest` interfaces](https://github.com/multiformats/js-multiformats/blob/master/src/hashes/interface.ts) and convinient function for implementing them:
```TypeScript
import * as hasher from 'multiformats/hashes/hasher'
const sha256 = hasher.from({
// As per multiformats table
// https://github.com/multiformats/multicodec/blob/master/table.csv#L9
name: 'sha2-256',
code: 0x12,
encode: (input) => new Uint8Array(crypto.createHash('sha256').update(input).digest())
})
const hash = await sha256.digest(json.encode({ hello: 'world' }))
CID.create(1, json.code, hash)
//> CID(bagaaierasords4njcts6vs7qvdjfcvgnume4hqohf65zsfguprqphs3icwea)
```
## Traversal
This library contains higher-order functions for traversing graphs of data easily.
`walk()` walks through the links in each block of a DAG calling a user-supplied loader function for each one, in depth-first order with no duplicate block visits. The loader should return a `Block` object and can be used to inspect and collect block ordering for a full DAG walk. The loader should `throw` on error, and return `null` if a block should be skipped by `walk()`.
```TypeScript
import { walk } from 'multiformats/traversal'
import * as Block from 'multiformats/block'
import * as codec from 'multiformats/codecs/json'
import { sha256 as hasher } from 'multiformats/hashes/sha2'
// build a DAG (a single block for this simple example)
const value = { hello: 'world' }
const block = await Block.encode({ value, codec, hasher })
const { cid } = block
console.log(cid)
//> CID(bagaaierasords4njcts6vs7qvdjfcvgnume4hqohf65zsfguprqphs3icwea)
// create a loader function that also collects CIDs of blocks in
// their traversal order
const load = (cid, blocks) => async (cid) => {
// fetch a block using its cid
// e.g.: const block = await fetchBlockByCID(cid)
blocks.push(cid)
return block
}
// collect blocks in this DAG starting from the root `cid`
const blocks = []
await walk({ cid, load: load(cid, blocks) })
console.log(blocks)
//> [CID(bagaaierasords4njcts6vs7qvdjfcvgnume4hqohf65zsfguprqphs3icwea)]
```
## Legacy interface
[`blockcodec-to-ipld-format`](https://github.com/ipld/js-blockcodec-to-ipld-format) converts a multiformats [`BlockCodec`](https://github.com/multiformats/js-multiformats/blob/master/src/codecs/interface.ts#L21) into an
[`interface-ipld-format`](https://github.com/ipld/interface-ipld-format) for use with the [`ipld`](https://github.com/ipld/ipld) package. This can help bridge IPLD codecs implemented using the structure and interfaces defined here to existing code that assumes, or requires `interface-ipld-format`. This bridge also includes the relevant TypeScript definitions.
## Implementations
By default, no base encodings (other than base32 & base58btc), hash functions,
or codec implementations are exposed by `multiformats`, you need to
import the ones you need yourself.
### Multibase codecs
| bases | import | repo |
| ------------------------------------------------------------- | --------------------------- | ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
| `base16` | `multiformats/bases/base16` | [multiformats/js-multiformats](https://github.com/multiformats/js-multiformats/tree/master/bases) |
| `base32`, `base32pad`, `base32hex`, `base32hexpad`, `base32z` | `multiformats/bases/base32` | [multiformats/js-multiformats](https://github.com/multiformats/js-multiformats/tree/master/bases) |
| `base64`, `base64pad`, `base64url`, `base64urlpad` | `multiformats/bases/base64` | [multiformats/js-multiformats](https://github.com/multiformats/js-multiformats/tree/master/bases) |
| `base58btc`, `base58flick4` | `multiformats/bases/base58` | [multiformats/js-multiformats](https://github.com/multiformats/js-multiformats/tree/master/bases) |
Other (less useful) bases implemented in [multiformats/js-multiformats](https://github.com/multiformats/js-multiformats/tree/master/bases) include: `base2`, `base8`, `base10`, `base36` and `base256emoji`.
### Multihash hashers
| hashes | import | repo |
| ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- | ------------------------------ | ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ |
| `sha2-256`, `sha2-512` | `multiformats/hashes/sha2` | [multiformats/js-multiformats](https://github.com/multiformats/js-multiformats/tree/master/src/hashes) |
| `sha3-224`, `sha3-256`, `sha3-384`,`sha3-512`, `shake-128`, `shake-256`, `keccak-224`, `keccak-256`, `keccak-384`, `keccak-512` | `@multiformats/sha3` | [multiformats/js-sha3](https://github.com/multiformats/js-sha3) |
| `identity` | `multiformats/hashes/identity` | [multiformats/js-multiformats](https://github.com/multiformats/js-multiformats/tree/master/src/hashes/identity.js) |
| `murmur3-128`, `murmur3-32` | `@multiformats/murmur3` | [multiformats/js-murmur3](https://github.com/multiformats/js-murmur3) |
| `blake2b-*`, `blake2s-*` | `@multiformats/blake2` | [multiformats/js-blake2](https://github.com/multiformats/js-blake2) |
### IPLD codecs (multicodec)
| codec | import | repo |
| ---------- | -------------------------- | ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ |
| `raw` | `multiformats/codecs/raw` | [multiformats/js-multiformats](https://github.com/multiformats/js-multiformats/tree/master/src/codecs) |
| `json` | `multiformats/codecs/json` | [multiformats/js-multiformats](https://github.com/multiformats/js-multiformats/tree/master/src/codecs) |
| `dag-cbor` | `@ipld/dag-cbor` | [ipld/js-dag-cbor](https://github.com/ipld/js-dag-cbor) |
| `dag-json` | `@ipld/dag-json` | [ipld/js-dag-json](https://github.com/ipld/js-dag-json) |
| `dag-pb` | `@ipld/dag-pb` | [ipld/js-dag-pb](https://github.com/ipld/js-dag-pb) |
| `dag-jose` | `dag-jose` | [ceramicnetwork/js-dag-jose](https://github.com/ceramicnetwork/js-dag-jose) |
# Install
```console
$ npm i multiformats
```
## Browser `` tag
Loading this module through a script tag will make its exports available as `Multiformats` in the global namespace.
```html
<script src="https://unpkg.com/multiformats/dist/index.min.js">
```
# API Docs
-
# License
Licensed under either of
- Apache 2.0, ([LICENSE-APACHE](https://github.com/multiformats/js-multiformats/LICENSE-APACHE) / )
- MIT ([LICENSE-MIT](https://github.com/multiformats/js-multiformats/LICENSE-MIT) / )
# Contribution
Unless you explicitly state otherwise, any contribution intentionally submitted for inclusion in the work by you, as defined in the Apache-2.0 license, shall be dual licensed as above, without any additional terms or conditions.