https://github.com/mxvements/ft_printf
Because ft_putnbr() and ft_putstr() aren’t enough.
https://github.com/mxvements/ft_printf
42cursus 42madrid 42school c
Last synced: over 1 year ago
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Because ft_putnbr() and ft_putstr() aren’t enough.
- Host: GitHub
- URL: https://github.com/mxvements/ft_printf
- Owner: mxvements
- Created: 2023-10-18T17:19:44.000Z (over 2 years ago)
- Default Branch: master
- Last Pushed: 2024-07-20T14:08:06.000Z (almost 2 years ago)
- Last Synced: 2025-01-22T19:34:20.151Z (over 1 year ago)
- Topics: 42cursus, 42madrid, 42school, c
- Language: C
- Homepage:
- Size: 75.2 KB
- Stars: 1
- Watchers: 1
- Forks: 0
- Open Issues: 0
-
Metadata Files:
- Readme: README.md
Awesome Lists containing this project
README
# ft_printf
The goal of this project is pretty straightforward: to recode printf(). The projects is about learning variable numbber of arguments (variadic functions), as well as adding a couple more functions to the ft_libft.
| Program name | libftprintf.a |
| ----- | ------|
| Turn in files | Makefile, *.h, *.c, */*.h, */*.c |
| Makefile | NAME, all, clean, fclean, re and bonus (if done) |
| External functs | malloc, free, write, va_start, va_arg, va_copy, va_end |
| Libft authorized | Yes |
| Description | Write a library that contains ft_printf(), a function that will mimic the original printf() |
* Mandatory part
- Don’t implement the buffer management of the original printf().
- Your function has to handle the following conversions: cspdiuxX%
- Your function will be compared against the original printf().
- You must use the command ar to create your library. Using the libtool command is forbidden.
- Your libftprintf.a has to be created at the root of your repository.
- You have to implement the following conversions:
- %c Prints a single character.
- %s Prints a string (as defined by the common C convention).
- %p The void * pointer argument has to be printed in hexadecimal format.
- %d Prints a decimal (base 10) number.
- %i Prints an integer in base 10.
- %u Prints an unsigned decimal (base 10) number.
- %x Prints a number in hexadecimal (base 16) lowercase format.
- %X Prints a number in hexadecimal (base 16) uppercase format.
- %% Prints a percent sign.
* Bonus
- Manage any combination of the following flags: ’-0.’ and the field minimum width under all conversions.
- Manage all the following flags: ´#´ ´ ´ ´+´ (Yes, one of them is a space)
Note: if you plan to implement the bonus part, think abouut the impllementation of your extra features from the start. This way, youu will avoid the pitfalls of a naive approach.
# How to use
1 - Clone the repository
```
git clone git@github.com:mxvements/ft_printf.git
```
2 - Enter the project folder and run `make`, Makefile rules:
```
`make` - compile printf mandatory files
`make bonus` - compile printf bonus files
`make all` - compile all (mandatory + bonus) files
`make clean` - delete all *.o files
`make fclean` - delete all *.o & *.a (executable) files
`make re` - use fclean + all, recompile printf
`make tclean` - added rule, delete all *.o & clean *.out file from test
```
3 - To incluide it in your code, include the header
````
# include "ft_printf.h"
````
# Notes
## On the printf() specifiers and flags
1 - Specifiers and output
| sp | ft_printf() | description |
| -- | ----------- | -------- |
| %c | √ | character |
| %d or %i | √ | signed decimal integer |
| %e | | scientific noation (mantissa/exponent) using e char |
| %E | | Scientific notation (mantissa/exponent) using E char |
| %f | | decimal floating point |
| %g | | uses the shorter of %e or %f |
| %G | | uses the shorter of %E or %f |
| %o | | signed octal |
| %s | √ | string of characters |
| %u | √ | unsigned decimal integer |
| %x | √ | unsigned hexadecimal integer |
| %X | √ | unsigned hexadecimal integer (capital letters) |
| %p | √ | pointer address |
| %n | | nothing printed |
| % | √ | % char |
2 - Flags and description
| specifier | ft_printf() | description |
| --------- | ----------- | ----------- |
| + | √ | forces to precede the result with a plus or minus sign (+ or -) even for positive numbers. By default, only negative numbers are preceded with a -ve sign.
| (space) | √ | if no sign is going to be written, a blank spcace is inserted before the value
| # | √ | %#o %#x %#X -> value precede with 0, 0x, 0X values != 0 / %#e %#E %#f -> forces to contain a decimal point even if no digits would follow / %#g %#G -> the same as w/ e or E, removing trailing 0
| 0 | | left-pads the number with zeros (0) instead of spaces, where padding is specified (see width sub-specifier)
## On variadic functions
**void va_start(va_list argument_list, last_known_parameter);**
- DESCRIPTION
: va_start() macro, intializes your argument_list for use by va_arg() and va_end(), and must be called first. The last_known_parameter is the name of the last known parameter of the calling function, here, ft_printf();
**argument_type va_arg(va_list argument_list, argument_type)**
- DESCRIPTON: everytime it is called, it modifies argument_list so that the next time is is called, it will return the next argument.
- RETURN VALUE: Expands to an expression that has the type and value of the next arg. in the call. The 1st use of the va_arg() macro after that of the va_start() macro returns the argument after last_known_parameter.
- NOTES: Successive invocations return the values of the remaining arguments. It is your job to make sure you're giving va_arg() the correct type of variable to return, it will assume you know what's being sent.
**void va_end(va_list argument_list)**
- DESCRIPTION: Each invocation of va_start() must be matched by a corresponding invocation of va_end() in the same function. After the call to va_end(), the variable argument_list is undefined.
# Other
## Norminete
At 42 School, it is expected that almost every project is written in accordance with the Norm, which is the coding standard of the school.
```
- No for, do...while, switch, case, goto, ternary operators and variable-length arrays are allowed
- Each function must be a maximum of 25 lines, not counting the function's curly brackets
- Each line must be at most 80 columns wide, comments included
- A function can take 4 named parameters maximum
- No assigns and declarations in the same line (unless static or const)
- You can't declare more than 5 variables per function
- ...
```
## Aknowledgments
- This video by Nikito: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Hb2m7htiKWM
# License
[MIT License](https://github.com/mxvements/ft_license/blob/main/LICENSE.txt)