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https://github.com/nadegeguiglielmoni/genome_assembly_tools

List of genome assembly tools
https://github.com/nadegeguiglielmoni/genome_assembly_tools

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List of genome assembly tools

Awesome Lists containing this project

README

        

# Genome assembly tools

If you appreciate this work, please cite: "A deep dive into genome assemblies of non-vertebrate animals." Guiglielmoni N, Rivera-Vicéns R, Koszul R, Flot J-F. Peer Community Journal, 2022. [doi:10.24072/pcjournal.128](https://peercommunityjournal.org/articles/10.24072/pcjournal.128/)

## Contributing

Adding a software can be done by adding a line in the corresponding CSV file:
* [data/assemblers.csv](data/assemblers.csv) for genome assemblers.
* [data/processors.csv](data/processors.csv) for assembly pre- or post-processing tools.

Modifications to this readme should be done in the template file of the corresponding section (see [templates](templates)).
Every month, a Github action automatically updates the README using the data and templates, fetching the latest commit date for each software.

## Table of contents
* [Genome assemblers](#Genome-assemblers)
* [Sanger reads](#Sanger-reads)
* [High-accuracy short reads](#High-accuracy-short-reads)
* [Low-accuracy long reads](#Low-accuracy-long-reads)
* [High-accuracy long reads](#High-accuracy-long-reads)
* [Assembly pre and post-processing](#Assembly-pre-and-post-processing)
* [Long-read error correction](#Long-read-error-correction)
* [Polishing](#Polishing)
* [Haplotig purging](#Haplotig-purging)
* [Scaffolding](#Scaffolding)
* [Gap filling](#Gap-filling)

## Genome assemblers

### Sanger reads

| Assembler | Publication | Last update |
|:----------|:------------|:------------|
| [ARACHNE]() | 10.1101/gr.208902 | |
| [Atlas](https://www.hgsc.bcm.edu/software/atlas-2) | 10.1101/gr.2264004 | 2013 |
| [CAP3](https://faculty.sites.iastate.edu/xqhuang/cap3-assembly-program) | 10.1101/gr.9.9.868 | |
| [Celera]() | 10.1093/bioinformatics/btn074 | |
| [Euler]() | 10.1073/pnas.171285098 | |
| [JAZZ]() | 10.1126/science.1072104 | |
| [Minimus]() | 10.1186/1471-2105-8-64 | |
| [phrap]() | 10.1101/gr.8.3.186 | |
| [Phusion]() | 10.1101/gr.731003 | |
| [TIGR]() | 10.1089/gst.1995.1.9 | |

### High-accuracy short reads

| Assembler | Publication | Last update |
|:----------|:------------|:------------|
| [ABySS](https://github.com/bcgsc/abyss) | 10.1101/gr.214346.116 | 2024-10 |
| [ALLPATHS](https://software.broadinstitute.org/allpaths-lg/blog/?page_id=12) | 10.1101/gr.7337908 | 2008 |
| [BASE](https://github.com/dhlbh/BASE) | 10.1186/s12864-016-2829-5 | 2016-1 |
| [CABOG](http://wgs-assembler.sourceforge.net) | 10.1093/bioinformatics/btn548 | 2008 |
| [Edena](http://www.genomic.ch/edena.php) | 10.1101/gr.072033.107 | 2013 |
| [EPGA](https://github.com/bioinfomaticsCSU/EPGA) | 10.1093/bioinformatics/btu762 | 2017-4 |
| [Euler-SR](http://web.archive.org/web/20110720080755/http://euler-assembler.ucsd.edu/euler-sr.1.1.2.tgz) | 10.1101/gr.7088808 | 2011 |
| [Gossamer]() | 10.1093/bioinformatics/bts297 | 2012 |
| [IDBA](https://github.com/loneknightpy/idba) | 10.1007/978-3-642-12683-3_28 | 2016-12 |
| [ISEA]() | 10.1109/TCBB.2016.2550433 | |
| [JR-Assembler]() | 10.1073/pnas.1314090110 | |
| [LightAssembler]() | 10.1093/bioinformatics/btw470 | |
| [Meraculous]() | 10.1371/journal.pone.0023501 | |
| [Minia](https://github.com/GATB/minia) | 10.1186/1748-7188-8-22 | 2024-10 |
| [Mira]() | 10.1.1.23.7465 | |
| [Newbler]() | | |
| [PCAP](https://faculty.sites.iastate.edu/xqhuang/pcap-assembly-program) | 10.1101/gr.1390403 | |
| [PE-Assembler]() | 10.1093/bioinformatics/btq626 | |
| [PERGA]() | 10.1371/journal.pone.0114253 | |
| [Platanus]() | 10.1101/gr.170720.113 | |
| [QSRA]() | 10.1186/1471-2105-10-69 | |
| [Ray]() | 10.1089/cmb.2009.0238 | |
| [Readjoiner]() | 10.1186/1471-2105-13-82 | |
| [SGA]() | 10.1101/gr.126953.111 | |
| [SHARCGS]() | 10.1101/gr.6435207 | |
| [SOAPdenovo]() | 10.1101/gr.097261.109 | |
| [SOAPdenovo2]() | 10.1186/2047-217X-1-18 | |
| [SPAdes]() | 10.1089/cmb.2012.0021 | |
| [SparseAssembler]() | 10.1186/1471-2105-13-S6-S1 | |
| [SSAKE]() | 10.1093/bioinformatics/btl629 | |
| [SUTTA]() | 10.1093/bioinformatics/btq646 | |
| [VCAKE]() | 10.1093/bioinformatics/btm451 | |
| [Velvet]() | 10.1002/0471250953.bi1105s31 | |
| [Taipan]() | 10.1093/bioinformatics/btp374 | |

### Low-accuracy long reads

| Assembler | Publication | Last update |
|:----------|:------------|:------------|
| [Canu](https://github.com/marbl/canu) | 10.1101/gr.215087.116 | 2024-9 |
| [FALCON](https://github.com/PacificBiosciences/FALCON) | 10.1038/nmeth.4035 | 2018-4 |
| [Flye](https://github.com/fenderglass/Flye) | 10.1038/s41587-019-0072-8 | 2024-8 |
| [GoldRush](https://github.com/bcgsc/goldrush) | 10.1101/2022.10.25.513734 | 2024-10 |
| [HINGE](https://github.com/HingeAssembler/HINGE) | 10.1101/gr.216465.116 | 2019-1 |
| [MECAT](https://github.com/xiaochuanle/MECAT) | 10.1038/nmeth.4432 | 2019-2 |
| [MECAT2](https://github.com/xiaochuanle/MECAT2) | 10.1038/nmeth.4432 | 2020-4 |
| [miniasm](https://github.com/lh3/miniasm) | 10.1038/nmeth.4432 | 2019-10 |
| [NECAT](https://github.com/xiaochuanle/NECAT) | 10.1038/s41467-020-20236-7 | 2021-3 |
| [NextDenovo](https://github.com/Nextomics/NextDenovo) | 10.1186/s13059-024-03252-4 | 2024-5 |
| [Ra](https://github.com/lbcb-sci/ra) | 10.1109/ISPA.2019.8868909 | 2018-12 |
| [Raven](https://github.com/lbcb-sci/raven) | 10.1038/s43588-021-00073-4 | 2023-11 |
| [SMARTdenovo](https://github.com/ruanjue/smartdenovo) | 10.20944/preprints202009.0207.v1 | 2021-2 |
| [wtdbg](https://github.com/ruanjue/wtdbg) | | 2017-3 |
| [wtdbg2](https://github.com/ruanjue/wtdbg2) | 10.1038/s41592-019-0669-3 | 2020-12 |
| [shasta](https://github.com/paoloshasta/shasta) | 10.1038/s41587-020-0503-6 | 2024-10 |

### High-accuracy long reads

| Assembler | Publication | Last update |
|:----------|:------------|:------------|
| [Alice-asm](https://github.com/rolandfaure/alice-asm) | | 2024-8 |
| [Flye](https://github.com/fenderglass/Flye) | 10.1038/s41587-019-0072-8 | 2024-8 |
| [HiCanu](https://github.com/marbl/canu) | 10.1101/gr.215087.116 | 2024-9 |
| [hifiasm](https://github.com/chhylp123/hifiasm) | 10.1038/s41592-020-01056-5 | 2024-10 |
| [IPA](https://github.com/PacificBiosciences/pbipa) | | 2022-3 |
| [LJA](https://github.com/AntonBankevich/LJA) | 10.1101/2020.12.10.420448 | 2023-8 |
| [mdBG](https://github.com/ekimb/rust-mdbg/) | 10.1016/j.cels.2021.08.009 | 2024-9 |
| [MBG](https://github.com/maickrau/MBG) | 10.1093/bioinformatics/btab004 | 2024-3 |
| [NextDenovo](https://github.com/Nextomics/NextDenovo) | 10.1186/s13059-024-03252-4 | 2024-5 |
| [PECAT](https://github.com/lemene/PECAT) | 10.1101/2022.09.25.509436 | 2024-5 |
| [Peregrine](https://github.com/cschin/Peregrine) | | 2022-2 |
| [Raven](https://github.com/lbcb-sci/raven) | 10.1038/s43588-021-00073-4 | 2023-11 |
| [verkko](https://github.com/marbl/verkko) | 10.1101/2022.06.24.497523 | 2024-10 |
| [wtdbg2](https://github.com/ruanjue/wtdbg2) | 10.1038/s41592-019-0669-3 | 2020-12 |
## Assembly pre and post-processing

### Long-read error correction

| Reads | Tool | Publication | Last update |
|:------|:------|:------------| ----------- |
| __Long reads__ | [Canu](https://github.com/marbl/canu) | 10.1101/gr.215087.116 | 2024-9 |
| | [CONSENT](https://github.com/morispi/CONSENT) | 10.1038/s41598-020-80757-5 | 2024-2 |
| | [Daccord](https://github.com/gt1/daccord) | 10.1101/106252 | 2018-9 |
| | [FLAS](https://github.com/baoe/FLAS) | 10.1093/bioinformatics/btz206 | 2019-2 |
| | [HALC](https://github.com/lanl001/halc) | 10.1186/s12859-017-1610-3 | 2018-5 |
| | [MECAT](https://github.com/xiaochuanle/MECAT) | 10.1038/nmeth.4432 | 2019-2 |
| | [MECAT2](https://github.com/xiaochuanle/MECAT2) | 10.1038/nmeth.4432 | 2020-4 |
| | [NECAT](https://github.com/xiaochuanle/NECAT) | 10.1038/s41467-020-20236-7 | 2021-3 |
| | [NextDenovo](https://github.com/Nextomics/NextDenovo) | | 2024-5 |
| __Short reads__ | [CoLoRMap](https://github.com/cchauve/CoLoRMap) | 10.1093/bioinformatics/btw463 | 2018-3 |
| | [Hercules](https://github.com/BilkentCompGen/Hercules) | 10.1093/nar/gky724 | 2018-8 |
| | [HG-CoLoR](https://github.com/morispi/HG-CoLoR) | 10.1093/bioinformatics/bty521 | 2021-1 |
| | [Jabba](https://github.com/biointec/jabba) | 10.1186/s13015-016-0075-7 | 2018-6 |
| | [LoRDEC](https://gite.lirmm.fr/lordec/lordec-releases/-/wikis/home) | 10.1093/bioinformatics/btu538 | 2020 |
| | [LoRMA](https://gite.lirmm.fr/lorma/lorma-releases/-/wikis/home) | 10.1093/bioinformatics/btw321 | 2019 |
| | [NaS](https://github.com/institut-de-genomique/NaS) | 10.1186/s12864-015-1519-z | 2017-3 |
| | [proovread](https://github.com/BioInf-Wuerzburg/proovread) | 10.1093/bioinformatics/btu392 | 2019-5 |
| | [Ratatosk](https://github.com/DecodeGenetics/Ratatosk) | 10.1186/s13059-020-02244-4 | 2024-9 |

### Polishing

| Reads | Tool | Publication | Last update |
|:------|:------|:------------| ----------- |
| __Long reads__ | [Arrow]() | | 2014 |
| | [CONSENT](https://github.com/morispi/CONSENT) | 10.1038/s41598-020-80757-5 | 2024-2 |
| | [GoldRush](https://github.com/bcgsc/goldrush) | 10.1101/2022.10.25.513734 | 2024-10 |
| | [Quiver]() | | 2014 |
| __Long reads + short reads__ | [ Hapo-G](https://github.com/institut-de-genomique/HAPO-G) | 10.1093/nargab/lqab034 | 2024-3 |
| | [HyPo](https://github.com/kensung-lab/hypo) | 10.1101/2019.12.19.882506 | 2020-2 |
| | [Racon](https://github.com/isovic/racon) | 10.1101/gr.214270.116 | 2020-8 |
| __Short reads__ | [ntEdit](https://github.com/bcgsc/ntEdit) | 10.1093/bioinformatics/btz400 | 2024-10 |
| | [Pilon](https://github.com/broadinstitute/pilon) | 10.1371/journal.pone.0112963 | 2021-1 |
| | [POLCA](https://github.com/alekseyzimin/masurca) | 10.1371/journal.pcbi.1007981 | 2024-10 |
| | [Apollo](https://github.com/CMU-SAFARI/Apollo) | 10.1093/bioinformatics/btaa179 | 2020-5 |

### Haplotig purging

| Reads | Tool | Publication | Last update |
|:------|:------|:------------| ----------- |
| __Long reads__ | [HaploMerger2](https://github.com/mapleforest/HaploMerger2) | 10.1093/bioinformatics/btx220 | 2016-12 |
| | [purge_dups](https://github.com/dfguan/purge_dups) | 10.1093/bioinformatics/btaa025 | 2023-12 |
| | [Purge Haplotigs](https://bitbucket.org/mroachawri/purge_haplotigs) | 10.1186/s12859-018-2485-7 | 2024-2 |
| __Long reads + short reads__ | [Redundans](https://github.com/lpryszcz/redundans) | 10.1093/nar/gkw294 | 2023-12 |

### Scaffolding

| Reads | Tool | Publication | Last update |
|:------|:------|:------------| ----------- |
| __Genetic maps__ | [ ALLMAPS](https://github.com/tanghaibao/jcvi/wiki/ALLMAPS) | 10.1186/s13059-014-0573-1 | 2022 |
| __Hi-C__ | [3D-DNA](https://github.com/aidenlab/3d-dna) | 10.1126/science.aal3327 | 2023-11 |
| | [AutoHiC](https://github.com/Jwindler/AutoHiC) | 10.1101/2023.08.27.555031 | 2024-9 |
| | [dnaTri](https://github.com/NoamKaplan/dna-triangulation) | 10.1038/nbt.2768 | 2015-7 |
| | [EndHiC](https://github.com/fanagislab/EndHiC) | 10.48550/arXiv.2111.15411 | 2022-10 |
| | [GRAAL](https://github.com/koszullab/GRAAL) | 10.1038/ncomms6695 | 2020-1 |
| | [GreenHill](https://github.com/ShunOuchi/GreenHill) | 10.1186/s13059-023-03006-8 | 2024-3 |
| | [HapHiC](https://github.com/zengxiaofei/HapHiC) | 10.1101/2023.11.18.567668 | 2024-10 |
| | [HiCAssembler](https://github.com/maxplanck-ie/HiCAssembler) | 10.1101/gad.328971.119 | 2024-9 |
| | [instaGRAAL](https://github.com/koszullab/instaGRAAL) | 10.1186/s13059-020-02041-z | 2024-3 |
| | [Lachesis](https://github.com/shendurelab/LACHESIS) | 10.1038/nbt.2727 | 2017-12 |
| | [msscaf](https://github.com/mzytnicki/msscaf) | | 2022-10 |
| | [pin_hic](https://github.com/dfguan/pin_hic) | 10.1186/s12859-021-04453-5 | 2021-12 |
| | [SALSA2](https://github.com/marbl/SALSA) | 10.1371/journal.pcbi.1007273 | 2024-5 |
| | [scaffHiC](https://github.com/wtsi-hpag/scaffHiC) | | 2022-12 |
| | [YaHS](https://github.com/c-zhou/yahs) | | 2024-10 |
| __Linked reads__ | [ ARBitR](https://github.com/markhilt/ARBitR) | 10.1093/bioinformatics/btaa975 | 2020-10 |
| | [Architect](https://github.com/kuleshov/architect) | 10.1093/bioinformatics/btw267 | 2016-10 |
| | [ARCS](https://github.com/bcgsc/ARCS/) | 10.1093/bioinformatics/btx675 | 2024-10 |
| | [ARKS](https://github.com/bcgsc/arks) | 10.1186/s12859-018-2243-x | 2019-12 |
| | [fragScaff](https://github.com/adeylab/fragScaff) | 10.1101/gr.178319.114 | 2018-11 |
| | [scaff10X](https://github.com/wtsi-hpag/Scaff10X) | | 2022-1 |
| | [SpLitteR](https://github.com/ablab/spades/releases/tag/splitter-paper) | | 2022-12 |
| | [msscaf](https://github.com/mzytnicki/msscaf) | | 2022-10 |
| __Long reads__ | [DENTIST](https://github.com/a-ludi/dentist) | 10.1093/gigascience/giab100 | 2024-2 |
| | [FinisherSC](https://github.com/kakitone/finishingTool) | 10.1093/bioinformatics/btv280 | 2016-11 |
| | [gapless]() | 10.1101/2022.03.08.483466 | |
| | [GoldRush](https://github.com/bcgsc/goldrush) | 10.1101/2022.10.25.513734 | 2024-10 |
| | [LINKS](https://github.com/bcgsc/LINKS) | 10.1186/s13742-015-0076-3 | 2023-12 |
| | [LRScaf](https://github.com/shingocat/lrscaf) | 10.1186/s12864-019-6337-2 | 2021-11 |
| | [npScarf](https://github.com/mdcao/npScarf) | 10.1038/ncomms14515 | 2019-10 |
| | [PBJelly](https://sourceforge.net/projects/pb-jelly/) | 10.1371/journal.pone.0047768 | 2017 |
| | [RAILS](https://github.com/bcgsc/RAILS) | 10.21105/joss.00116 | 2023-12 |
| | [SLR](https://github.com/luojunwei/SLR) | 10.1186/s12859-019-3114-9 | 2020-8 |
| | [msscaf](https://github.com/mzytnicki/msscaf) | | 2022-10 |
| | [SMIS](https://github.com/wtsi-hpag/smis) | | 2018-2 |
| | [SMSC](https://github.com/UTbioinf/SMSC) | 10.1186/s12864-017-4271-8 | 2019-9 |
| | [SSPACE-LongRead]() | 10.1186/1471-2105-15-211 | 2014 |
| __Mate pairs__ | [BATISCAF]() | 10.1101/330472 | |
| | [BESST]() | 10.1186/1471-2105-15-281 | |
| | [BOSS]() | 10.1093/bioinformatics/btw597 | |
| | [GRASS]() | 10.1093/bioinformatics/bts175 | |
| | [MIP]() | 10.1093/bioinformatics/btr562 | |
| | [Opera]() | 10.1089/cmb.2011.0170 | |
| | [ScaffMatch]() | 10.1093/bioinformatics/btv211 | |
| | [ScaffoldScaffolder]() | 10.1093/bioinformatics/btv548 | |
| | [SCARPA]() | 10.1093/bioinformatics/bts716 | |
| | [SCOP]() | 10.1093/bioinformatics/bty773 | |
| | [SLIQ]() | 10.1089/cmb.2011.0263 | |
| | [SOPRA]() | 10.1186/1471-2105-11-345 | |
| | [SSPACE]() | 10.1093/bioinformatics/btq683 | |
| | [WiseScaffolder]() | 10.1186/s12859-015-0705-y | |
| __Optical maps__ | [ AGORA](https://static-content.springer.com/esm/art%3A10.1186%2F1471-2105-13-189/MediaObjects/12859_2012_5306_MOESM3_ESM.zip) | 10.1186/1471-2105-13-189 | 2012 |
| | [BiSCoT](https://github.com/institut-de-genomique/biscot) | 10.7717/peerj.10150 | 2020-11 |
| | [OMGS](https://github.com/ucrbioinfo/OMGS) | 10.1089/cmb.2019.0310 | 2018-11 |
| | [SewingMachine](https://github.com/i5K-KINBRE-script-share/Irys-scaffolding/blob/master/KSU_bioinfo_lab/stitch/sewing_machine_LAB.md) | 10.1186/s12864-015-1911-8 | 2015 |
| | [SOMA](ftp://ftp.cbcb.umd.edu/pub/software/soma) | 10.1093/bioinformatics/btn102 | 2008 |
| __Short reads__ | [Bambus]() | 10.1101/gr.1536204 | |

### Gap filling

| Reads | Tool | Publication | Last update |
|:------|:------|:------------| ----------- |
| __Long reads__ | [Cobbler](https://github.com/bcgsc/RAILS) | 10.21105/joss.00116 | 2023-12 |
| | [DENTIST](https://github.com/a-ludi/dentist) | 10.1093/gigascience/giab100 | 2024-2 |
| | [FGAP](https://github.com/pirovc/fgap) | 10.1186/1756-0500-7-371 | 2017-12 |
| | [FinisherSC](https://github.com/kakitone/finishingTool) | 10.1093/bioinformatics/btv280 | 2016-11 |
| | [gapless]() | 10.1101/2022.03.08.483466 | |
| | [GMcloser](https://sourceforge.net/projects/gmcloser/) | 10.1093/bioinformatics/btv465 | 2018 |
| | [LR_Gapcloser](https://github.com/CAFS-bioinformatics/LR_Gapcloser) | 10.1093/gigascience/giy157 | 2018-9 |
| | [PBJelly](https://sourceforge.net/projects/pb-jelly/) | 10.1371/journal.pone.0047768 | 2017 |
| | [PGcloser]() | 10.1177/1176934320913859 | 2020 |
| | [TGS-GapCloser](https://github.com/BGI-Qingdao/TGS-GapCloser) | 10.1093/gigascience/giaa094 | 2024-9 |
| | [YAGCloser](https://github.com/merlyescalona/yagcloser) | | 2023-2 |
| __Short reads__ | [GapFiller]() | 10.1186/gb-2012-13-6-r56 | |
| | [GAPPadder]() | 10.1186/s12864-019-5703-4 | |
| | [Sealer]() | 10.1186/s12859-015-0663-4 | |