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https://github.com/nanovms/nanos

A kernel designed to run one and only one application in a virtualized environment
https://github.com/nanovms/nanos

edge microservice operating-systems osdev sandbox security unikernel unikernels virtualization

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A kernel designed to run one and only one application in a virtualized environment

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README 

        
# nanos



[![CircleCI](https://circleci.com/gh/nanovms/nanos.svg?style=svg)](https://circleci.com/gh/nanovms/nanos)





  




Nanos is a new kernel designed to run one and only one application in a

virtualized environment. It has several constraints on it compared to a

general purpose operating system such as Windows or Linux - namely it's

a single process system with no support for running multiple programs

nor does it have the concept of users or remote administration via ssh.



Read more about the Nanos Charter [here](CHARTER.md).



1. [Getting Started](#getting-started)

2. [Documentation](#documentation)

3. [Support](#support)



### Getting Started



Please use the [ops](https://ops.city) build tool to run your applications with Nanos unless you plan on hacking on Nanos itself.

Many ready-to-use examples for running applications on Nanos using ops are available [here](https://github.com/nanovms/ops-examples).



#### Quick Start



Install ops && nanos:



```

curl https://ops.city/get.sh -sSfL | sh

```



![Demo](doc/demo.gif)



### Building/Running



It is highly encouraged to use [ops](https://github.com/nanovms/ops) to build and run your applications using Nanos unless you are planning

on modifying Nanos. [ops](https://ops.city) provides sensible defaults for most users and

incorporates our understanding of how to appropriately best use Nanos.

It is also currently highly coupled to Nanos.



If you are running in a vm already (which is a bad idea) you'll need to specify

that you don't want hardware acceleration. For instance you can run

Nanos in virtualbox on a mac but it will be slow and hard to configure.



You can build and run on mac and linux. Nanos supports KVM on linux and

HVF on osx currently for acceleration. [ops](https://ops.city) has facilities to deploy to public clouds (AWS, GCE, Azure, and many others).



#### Building From Source on a Mac



Note: This is only recommended for those that wish to make code changes

to Nanos itself.



Install Homebrew:

```

/usr/bin/ruby -e "$(curl -fsSL https://raw.githubusercontent.com/Homebrew/install/master/install)"

```



Grab Dependencies:



This installs the correct toolchain and will install an up-to-date qemu.

It is highly recommended to be running the latest qemu otherwise you

might run into issues.



For Intel-based Macs:

```

brew update && brew install nasm go wget ent

brew tap nanovms/homebrew-toolchains

brew install x86_64-elf-binutils

brew tap nanovms/homebrew-qemu

brew install nanovms/homebrew-qemu/qemu

```

(note: ```go``` is only needed for certain [examples](#examples), but not for building the kernel)



For ARM-based Macs (M1/M2):



```

brew update && brew install go wget ent qemu aarch64-elf-binutils

```

##### To build and link runtime tests or aarch64 linux user programs:

```

brew tap nanovms/homebrew-toolchains

brew install aarch64-linux-binutils

```



Create a Chroot:

(this isn't absolutely necessary)



For Intel-based Macs:



```

mkdir target-root && cd target-root && wget

https://storage.googleapis.com/testmisc/target-root.tar.gz && tar xzf target-root.tar.gz

```



For ARM-based Macs (M1/M2):



```

mkdir target-root && cd target-root && wget

https://storage.googleapis.com/testmisc/arm64-target-root-new.tar.gz && tar xzf arm64-target-root-new.tar.gz

```



You should also set the environment variable NANOS_TARGET_ROOT to the path of 

target-root created above in order to create the example and test images.



#### Building From Source on Linux



Note: This is only recommended for those that wish to make code changes to Nanos itself.



Nanos doesn't need too many dependencies on Linux.



To build you need to install nasm, qemu and go:



```

sudo apt-get install qemu-system-x86 nasm golang-go

```

(note: ```go``` is only needed for certain [examples](#examples), but not for building the kernel)



For tests you'll also need the following installed:



```

sudo apt-get install ent ruby

```



Ops:

```

curl https://ops.city/get.sh -sSfL | sh

```



Rust:

```

curl --proto '=https' --tlsv1.2 -sSf https://sh.rustup.rs | sh

```



If you wish to use FUSE you'll also want to install



```

sudo apt-get install libfuse-dev fuse

```



#### To build the kernel (in addition to the bootloaders and klibs):

```

make kernel

```



#### Examples



To run an example program from the test/runtime folder:



With hardware acceleration:



```

make run

```

Without hardware acceleration:



```

make run-noaccel

```



Set ```TARGET``` to run a specific example:

```

make TARGET= run

```



Check out [test/runtime](test/runtime/README.md) for a list of examples. Certain examples require ```go``` to be built. 



More examples can be found in [docs/examples#examples](https://docs.ops.city/ops/examples#examples).



### Documentation



You can find more documentation on the ops [docs site](https://nanovms.gitbook.io/ops/)



### Benchmarks



In an effort for transparency and to collect, categorize, and document

benchmarks we will start listing them here. The aims should be to be as

reproducible and contain as much information as possible:



[Go on GCloud](https://github.com/nanovms/nanos/wiki/go_gcloud): 18k req/sec



[Rust on GCloud](https://github.com/nanovms/nanos/wiki/rust_gcloud): 22k req/sec



[Node.JS on AWS](https://github.com/nanovms/nanos/wiki/nodejs_aws): 2k req/sec



[Node.JS on GCloud](https://github.com/nanovms/nanos/wiki/nodejs_gcloud): 4k req/sec



### Tests



To run tests:

```

make test-noaccel

```



### Development Running Instructions



For Nanos try running the first example first:

```

make run

```



To try a different target currently found in test/runtime/ you can:



1) cp the manifest file to target.manifest

2) add your code and set a target in test/runtime/Makefile



```

make TARGET=mynewtarget run

```



You may also wish to use [ops](https://github.com/nanovms/ops) to

develop locally. If that's the case a commonly used idiom is to simply

copy the 3 required files to an appropriate release:



```

cp output/tools/bin/mkfs ~/.ops/0.1.47/.

cp output/platform/pc/boot/boot.img ~/.ops/0.1.47/.

cp output/platform/pc/bin/kernel.img ~/.ops/0.1.47/.

```



### Contributing



#### Pull Requests



We accept pull requests as long as it conforms to our style and stated

goals. We may reject prs if they violate either of these conditions.



If you are planning on spending more than a day to fix something

it's probably wise to approach the topic in an issue with your planned

fix before commiting to work.



Also, NanoVMs has paid kernel engineers with internal roadmaps so it's

wise to check in with us first before grabbing a tkt. Tickets tagged

'low-priority' have a lower probability of collision.



#### Reporting Bugs



Please scan the issue list first to see if we are already tracking the

bug.



Please _do not_ create a new issue on a closed issue. If you think you are

experiencing the same problem (is the error message the same?) you can

open a new issue and link to it if you think it's the same.



Please try to provide the most basic reproducible example you can. If

you have an error message or dump please include that.



Please try using the latest/nightly build first before reporting.



Please attach debugging output (`--trace` in ops). Please provide the

config.json and anything else that allows us to reproduce the issue.



### TFS



TFS is the current filesystem utilized by Nanos.



### Optional Manifest Debugging Flags



thread tracing:



```

futex_trace: t

```



syscall tracing:



```

debugsyscalls: t

```



Read more about Security [here](SECURITY.md).



[Architecture](https://github.com/nanovms/nanos/wiki/Architecture)



[Debugging Help](https://github.com/nanovms/nanos/wiki/debugging)



[Manual Networking Setup](https://github.com/nanovms/nanos/wiki/networking-setup)



[Build Envs](https://github.com/nanovms/nanos/wiki/Build-Envs)



[Reference Materials](https://github.com/nanovms/nanos/wiki/reference-materials)



### Feedback



How are you using Nanos? Take this very short survey and help us grow

the project. It will take just a minute but help us out!



[Feedback Form](https://ian377411.typeform.com/to/nm0soI)



### Who is Using Nanos?



If you are using Nanos for a project at your company or organization

feel free to open up a PR and list your project/company below.



### Getting Help



If you need help using nanos or ops the the [discussion forum](https://forums.nanovms.com/) is your best route for general questions. You may feel free to report a bug noting the bug reporting section ahead or open an issue for a feature request.



# Support



Note: Nanos is open source, Apache2, however the builds that NanoVMs

provides are not. Those using binary builds with over 50 employees must

get a commercial subscription or you may freely build from source.



Similarily if you need something done *now* or want immediate attention to an issue

NanoVMs offers [paid support plans](https://nanovms.com/services/subscription).



If you need email or drift support you will need to sign up for a support plan.



If you'd like more in-depth help reach out to the nanovms folks via drift or email engineering.