https://github.com/nidhiupman568/object-oriented-programming-oops-

Ace Your Interviews with These Key Object-Oriented Programming (OOP) Concepts
https://github.com/nidhiupman568/object-oriented-programming-oops-

object-oriented-programming oops

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Ace Your Interviews with These Key Object-Oriented Programming (OOP) Concepts

• Host: GitHub
• URL: https://github.com/nidhiupman568/object-oriented-programming-oops-
• Owner: nidhiupman568
• Created: 2023-06-04T23:32:46.000Z (about 2 years ago)
• Default Branch: main
• Last Pushed: 2024-06-12T13:49:12.000Z (12 months ago)
• Last Synced: 2025-01-10T02:36:13.257Z (5 months ago)
• Topics: object-oriented-programming, oops
• Homepage:
• Size: 5.86 KB
• Stars: 4
• Watchers: 1
• Forks: 0
• Open Issues: 0
• Metadata Files:
  • Readme: README.md

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README

        
# Key Points of Object-Oriented Programming (OOP)

### Essential for Interviews

Object-Oriented Programming (OOP) is a crucial concept in software development and frequently discussed in technical interviews. Here are some important points we should master:

## 1. **Encapsulation**

- **Definition:** Bundling the data (attributes) and the methods (functions) that manipulate the data into a single unit called a class.

- **Benefits:** Protects the data from unauthorized access and modification, enhances modularity, and makes the code easier to manage.

## 2. **Inheritance**

- **Definition:** Mechanism by which one class (child/subclass) inherits the properties and behaviors (methods) of another class (parent/superclass).

- **Benefits:** Promotes code reusability, reduces redundancy, and establishes a natural hierarchy between classes.

## 3. **Polymorphism**

- **Definition:** Ability to present the same interface for different data types. Methods can be overridden (run-time polymorphism) or overloaded (compile-time polymorphism).

- **Benefits:** Enhances flexibility and integration, allows for one interface to be used for a general class of actions.

## 4. **Abstraction**

- **Definition:** Hiding the complex implementation details and showing only the essential features of the object.

- **Benefits:** Simplifies the complexity of the system, helps in focusing on what an object does instead of how it does it.

## 5. **Classes and Objects**

- **Class:** Blueprint or template from which objects are created. Contains methods and attributes.

- **Object:** Instance of a class. Represents a real-world entity with state and behavior.

## 6. **Constructors and Destructors**

- **Constructors:** Special methods called when an object is instantiated. Used for initializing the object's state.

- **Destructors:** Special methods called when an object is destroyed. Used for cleanup activities.

## 7. **Access Modifiers**

- **Types:** Public, Private, Protected

- **Purpose:** Controls the visibility and accessibility of class members.

## 8. **Method Overriding vs. Overloading**

- **Overriding:** Subclass provides a specific implementation for a method already defined in its superclass.

- **Overloading:** Multiple methods with the same name but different parameters within the same class.

## 9. **Design Patterns**

- **Common Patterns:** Singleton, Factory, Observer, Strategy, etc.

- **Importance:** Provides proven solutions to common problems, enhances code readability, and promotes best practices.

## 10. **SOLID Principles**

- **Single Responsibility Principle (SRP)**

- **Open/Closed Principle (OCP)**

- **Liskov Substitution Principle (LSP)**

- **Interface Segregation Principle (ISP)**

- **Dependency Inversion Principle (DIP)**

- **Significance:** Helps in writing scalable, maintainable, and robust code.

 Keep this cheat sheet handy for a quick revision!