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https://github.com/ohno/Antique.jl

Self-contained, Well-Tested, Well-Documented Analytical Solutions of Quantum Mechanical Equations
https://github.com/ohno/Antique.jl

chemistry julia physics quantum-mechanics

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Self-contained, Well-Tested, Well-Documented Analytical Solutions of Quantum Mechanical Equations

Host: GitHub
URL: https://github.com/ohno/Antique.jl
Owner: ohno
License: mit
Created: 2023-07-13T07:53:19.000Z (over 1 year ago)
Default Branch: main
Last Pushed: 2024-05-29T08:20:50.000Z (6 months ago)
Last Synced: 2024-05-29T19:14:53.934Z (6 months ago)
Topics: chemistry, julia, physics, quantum-mechanics
Language: Julia
Homepage: https://ohno.github.io/Antique.jl/
Size: 11.9 MB
Stars: 18
Watchers: 1
Forks: 3
Open Issues: 22
Metadata Files:
- Readme: README.md
- License: LICENSE

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README

        # Antique.jl

[![Build Status](https://github.com/ohno/Antique.jl/actions/workflows/CI.yml/badge.svg?branch=main)](https://github.com/ohno/Antique.jl/actions/workflows/CI.yml?query=branch%3Amain) 

[![Stable](https://img.shields.io/badge/docs-stable-blue.svg)](https://ohno.github.io/Antique.jl/stable/)

[![Dev](https://img.shields.io/badge/docs-dev-blue.svg)](https://ohno.github.io/Antique.jl/dev/)

Self-contained, well-tested, well-documented **An**aly**ti**cal Solutions of **Qu**antum Mechanical **E**quations.

## Install

Run the following code on the REPL or Jupyter Notebook to install this package.

```julia

]add Antique

```

Or specify the version like `]add [email protected]` to install a specific version. The version of this package can be found at `]status Antique`.

## Usage & Examples

Install Antique.jl for the first use and run `using Antique` before each use.

```julia

using Antique

```

The energy `E()`, the wave function `ψ()`, the potential `V()` and some other functions will be exported. There are two ways to avoid function name conflicts. Run `import Antique` instead of `using Antique`, and use the energy `Antique.E()`, the wave function `Antique.ψ()` and the potential `Antique.V()`. Or try giving other function names like `using Antique: V as potential, E as energy, ψ as wavefuntion, HydrogenAtom`. Here are examples for the hydrogen-like atom. The analytical notation of the energy (the eigen value of the Hamiltonian) is written as

```math

E_n = -\frac{Z^2}{2n^2} E_\mathrm{h}.

```

The Hydrogen atom has the symbol $\mathrm{H}$ and atomic number 1 ($Z=1$). Therefore the ground state ($n=1$) energy is $-\frac{1}{2} E_\mathrm{h}$.

```julia

H = HydrogenAtom(Z=1)

E(H, n=1)

# output> -0.5

```

The Helium cation has the symbol $\mathrm{He}^+$ and atomic number 2 ($Z=2$). Therefore the ground state ($n=1$) energy is $-2 E_\mathrm{h}$.

```julia

He⁺ = HydrogenAtom(Z=2)

E(He⁺, n=1)

# output> -2.0

```

There are more examples on each model page.

## Supported Models

- [Delta Potential](https://ohno.github.io/Antique.jl/stable/DeltaPotential/) `DeltaPotential`

- [Infinite Potential Well](https://ohno.github.io/Antique.jl/stable/InfinitePotentialWell/) `InfinitePotentialWell`

- [Harmonic Oscillator](https://ohno.github.io/Antique.jl/stable/HarmonicOscillator/) `HarmonicOscillator`

- [PoschlTeller](https://ohno.github.io/Antique.jl/stable/PoschlTeller/) `PoschlTeller`

- [Morse Potential](https://ohno.github.io/Antique.jl/stable/MorsePotential/) `MorsePotential`

- [Rigid Rotor](https://ohno.github.io/Antique.jl/stable/RigidRotor/) `RigidRotor`

- [Infinite PotentialWell 3D](https://ohno.github.io/Antique.jl/stable/InfinitePotentialWell3D/) `InfinitePotentialWell3D`

- [Spherical Oscillator](https://ohno.github.io/Antique.jl/stable/SphericalOscillator/) `SphericalOscillator`

- [Hydrogen Atom](https://ohno.github.io/Antique.jl/stable/HydrogenAtom/) `HydrogenAtom`

- [Coulomb 2-Body System](https://ohno.github.io/Antique.jl/stable/HydrogenAtom/) `CoulombTwoBody`

## Demonstration

This is an example of a variational calculation for the hydrogen atom based on [Thijssen(2007)](https://doi.org/10.1017/CBO9781139171397). We check the accuracy of the numerical solution by comparison with the analytical solution. Comparing wavefunctions can be difficult, but Antique.jl makes it easy. You can extend it to excited states ($n>1$) as well as the ground state ($n=1$). Thus, Antique.jl is useful for testing numerical methods. We hope many numerical methods to be developed using Antique.jl.

```julia

# calculations based on Thijssen(2007) https://doi.org/10.1017/CBO9781139171397

using LinearAlgebra

α = [13.00773, 1.962079, 0.444529, 0.1219492] 

nₘₐₓ = length(α)

S = [(pi/(α[i]+α[j]))^(3/2) for i=1:nₘₐₓ, j=1:nₘₐₓ]

T = [3*pi^(3/2)*α[i]*α[j]/(α[i]+α[j])^(5/2) for i=1:nₘₐₓ, j=1:nₘₐₓ]

V = [-2*pi/(α[i]+α[j]) for i=1:nₘₐₓ, j=1:nₘₐₓ]

H = T + V

E, C = eigen(Symmetric(H),Symmetric(S))

# norm & energy

import Antique

HA = Antique.HydrogenAtom(Z=1, Eₕ=1.0, a₀=1.0, mₑ=1.0, ℏ=1.0)

println("Norm")

println("  numerical : ", transpose(C[:,1]) * S * C[:,1])

println("  analytical: ", 1)

println("Energy")

println("  numerical : ", E[1])

println("  analytical: ", Antique.E(HA,n=1))

# wave function

using CairoMakie

f = Figure(size=(420,300), fontsize=11.5)

ax = Axis(f[1,1], xlabel=L"$r$", ylabel=L"$\psi(r,0,0)$", limits=(0,4,0,0.6), ylabelsize=16.5, xlabelsize=16.5)

l1 = lines!(ax, 0:0.01:10, r -> sum(C[:,1] .* exp.(-α*r^2)))

l2 = lines!(ax, 0:0.01:10, r -> real(Antique.ψ(HA,r,0,0)), color=:black, linestyle=:dash, label="Antique.jl")

axislegend(ax, [l1,l2], ["Numerical, Thijssen(2007)","Analytical, Antique.jl"], position=:rt)

f

```

```

Norm

  numerical : 0.9999999999999997

  analytical: 1

Energy

  numerical : -0.49927840566748566

  analytical: -0.5

```

![](docs/src/assets/fig/demonstration.png)

## Future Works

The candidate models are listed on the Wikipedia page of [List of quantum-mechanical systems with analytical solutions](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_quantum-mechanical_systems_with_analytical_solutions). Please submit your requests and suggestions as [issues on GitHub](https://github.com/ohno/Antique.jl/issues).

## Developer's Guide

This is the guideline for adding new models. Adding a new model may take from a few days to a few weeks due to reference search, test implementation, and writing documentation.

1. First, please submit a new issue or comment [here](https://github.com/ohno/Antique.jl/issues). I will assign you to the issue. We need to find orthodox references (textbooks or papers, not Wikipedia) for the analytical solutions (eigenvalues and eigenfunctions) before the development. This will take more time than you think.

2. Fork [the repository](https://github.com/ohno/Antique.jl) on GitHub.

3. Clone the forked repository to your local machine by Git.

4. Please create 3 files:

| files | comments |

| --- | --- |

| `src/ModelName.jl` | Write the source codes and docstrings in this file. The most helpful examples are the harmonic oscillator for one-dimensional systems and the hydrogen atom for three-dimensional systems. We recommend that you copy these files. First create a structure `struct ModelName` with the same name as the model name (The best way is Find & Replace). Because the function names conflict, you must always give the struct `ModelName` as the first argument to V, E, ψ and other functions. Multi-dispatch avoids conflicts. We recommend using Revice.jl while coding. Run `include("./dev/revice.jl")` on the REPL or use dev.ipynb. |

| `test/ModelName.jl` | Write test code in this file. At a minimum, please check the normalization and the orthogonality of the eigenfunctions using QuadGK.jl. Please also do tests for the eigenvalues (for example, calculate the expectation values of the Hamiltonian (energy) using the eigenfunctions and check that these values match the eigenvalues). |

| `docs/src/ModelName.md` | Write documentation in this file. Include at least the definition of the Hamiltonian and the analytical solutions (eigenvalues and eigenfunctions). Call a docstring in the source code (`src/ModelName.jl`) . |

5. Please rewrite 5 files:

| files | comments |

| - | - |

| `src/Antique.jl` | Add the new model name `:ModelName` to the `models = [...]` array in this file. `:` is required at the beginning. |

| `docs/make.jl` | Add the new model into `pages=[...]` in this file. |

| `test/runtests.jl` | Change `for model in [...]` in this file. Please test all models before pull requests. |

| `README.md` | Add the new model to the list of supported models. |

| `docs/index.md` | Add the new model to the list of supported models. |

6. Execute `include("./dev/test.jl")` to run tests. It will take few minutes to complete.

7. Execute `include("./dev/docs.jl")` to compile documents. HTML files (docs/build/*.html) will be generated. Please check them with Chrome or any other web browsers.

8. Commit and Push the codes.

9. Submit a pull request on GitHub.

## Acknowledgment

Thanks to all contributors. This package was named by [@KB-satou](https://github.com/KB-satou) and [@ultimatile](https://github.com/ultimatile). [@MartinMikkelsen](https://github.com/MartinMikkelsen) contributed to writing docstrings. Special thanks to [@hyrodium](https://github.com/hyrodium) for his help with managing the documentation and advice on coding style. [@lhapp27](https://github.com/lhapp27) implemented 2 models, and [@ajarifi](https://github.com/ajarifi) implemented 3 models.