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https://github.com/pact-foundation/pact-go
Golang version of Pact. Pact is a contract testing framework for HTTP APIs and non-HTTP asynchronous messaging systems.
https://github.com/pact-foundation/pact-go
consumer-driven-contracts golang hacktoberfest pact smartbear-supported test-framework
Last synced: 15 days ago
JSON representation
Golang version of Pact. Pact is a contract testing framework for HTTP APIs and non-HTTP asynchronous messaging systems.
- Host: GitHub
- URL: https://github.com/pact-foundation/pact-go
- Owner: pact-foundation
- License: mit
- Created: 2016-05-15T12:21:58.000Z (over 8 years ago)
- Default Branch: master
- Last Pushed: 2024-04-12T16:57:40.000Z (7 months ago)
- Last Synced: 2024-04-15T11:27:47.234Z (7 months ago)
- Topics: consumer-driven-contracts, golang, hacktoberfest, pact, smartbear-supported, test-framework
- Language: Go
- Homepage: http://pact.io
- Size: 62.8 MB
- Stars: 821
- Watchers: 16
- Forks: 102
- Open Issues: 47
-
Metadata Files:
- Readme: README-old.md
- Changelog: CHANGELOG.md
- Contributing: CONTRIBUTING.md
- Funding: .github/FUNDING.yml
- License: LICENSE
- Code of conduct: CODE_OF_CONDUCT.md
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README
# Pact Go
Golang version of [Pact](http://pact.io). Pact is a contract testing framework for HTTP APIs and non-HTTP asynchronous messaging systems.
Enables consumer driven contract testing, providing a mock service and
DSL for the consumer project, and interaction playback and verification for the service Provider project.
[](https://travis-ci.org/pact-foundation/pact-go)
[](https://ci.appveyor.com/project/mefellows/pact-go)
[](https://coveralls.io/github/pact-foundation/pact-go?branch=HEAD)
[](https://goreportcard.com/report/github.com/pact-foundation/pact-go)
[](https://godoc.org/github.com/pact-foundation/pact-go)
[](http://slack.pact.io)
## Versions
Specification Compatibility
| Version | Stable | [Spec] Compatibility | Install |
| ------- | ------ | -------------------- | ------------------ |
| 2.0.x | Yes | 2, 3 | See [installation] |
| 1.0.x | Yes | 2, 3\* | 1.x.x [1xx] |
| 0.x.x | Yes | Up to v2 | 0.x.x [stable] |
_\*_ v3 support is limited to the subset of functionality required to enable language inter-operable [Message support].
## Installation
### Go get
1. Run `go get github.com/pact-foundation/pact-go/v2/@2.x.x` to install the source packages, and the installer code
1. Run `pact-go -l DEBUG install` to download and install the required libraries
If all is successful, you are ready to go!
### Manual
Downlod the latest `Pact Verifier FFI` and `Pact Mock Server FFI` [libraries] for your OS, and install onto a standard library search path (for example, we suggest: `/usr/local/lib` on OSX/Linux):
Ensure you have the correct extension for your OS:
- For Mac OSX: `.dylib`
- For Linux: `.so`
- For Windows: `.dll`
```sh
wget https://github.com/pact-foundation/pact-reference/releases/download/pact_verifier_ffi-v0.0.2/libpact_verifier_ffi-osx-x86_64.dylib.gz
gunzip libpact_verifier_ffi-osx-x86_64.dylib.gz
mv libpact_verifier_ffi-osx-x86_64.dylib /usr/local/lib/libpact_verifier_ffi.dylib
wget https://github.com/pact-foundation/pact-reference/releases/download/libpact_mock_server_ffi-v0.0.15/libpact_mock_server_ffi-osx-x86_64.dylib.gz
gunzip libpact_mock_server_ffi-osx-x86_64.dylib.gz
mv libpact_mock_server_ffi-osx-x86_64.dylib /usr/local/lib/libpact_mock_server_ffi.dylib
```
Test the installation:
```sh
pact-go help
```
## Using Pact
Pact supports [synchronous request-response style HTTP interactions](#http-api-testing) and has experimental support for [asynchronous interactions](#asynchronous-api-testing) with JSON-formatted payloads.
Pact Go runs as part of your regular Go tests.
## HTTP API Testing
### Consumer Side Testing
We'll run through a simple example to get an understanding the concepts:
1. `go get github.com/pact-foundation/pact-go`
1. `cd $GOPATH/src/github.com/pact-foundation/pact-go/examples/`
1. `go test -v -run TestConsumer`.
The simple example looks like this:
```go
func TestConsumer(t *testing.T) {
type User struct {
Name string `json:"name" pact:"example=billy"`
LastName string `json:"lastName" pact:"example=sampson"`
}
// Create Pact connecting to local Daemon
pact := &dsl.Pact{
Consumer: "MyConsumer",
Provider: "MyProvider",
Host: "localhost",
}
defer pact.Teardown()
// Pass in test case. This is the component that makes the external HTTP call
var test = func() (err error) {
u := fmt.Sprintf("http://localhost:%d/foobar", pact.Server.Port)
req, err := http.NewRequest("GET", u, strings.NewReader(`{"name":"billy"}`))
if err != nil {
return err
}
// NOTE: by default, request bodies are expected to be sent with a Content-Type
// of application/json. If you don't explicitly set the content-type, you
// will get a mismatch during Verification.
req.Header.Set("Content-Type", "application/json")
req.Header.Set("Authorization", "Bearer 1234")
if _, err = http.DefaultClient.Do(req); err != nil {
return err
}
}
// Set up our expected interactions.
pact.
AddInteraction().
Given("User foo exists").
UponReceiving("A request to get foo").
WithRequest(dsl.Request{
Method: "GET",
Path: dsl.String("/foobar"),
Headers: dsl.MapMatcher{"Content-Type": dsl.String("application/json"), "Authorization": dsl.String("Bearer 1234")},
Body: map[string]string{
"name": "billy",
},
}).
WillRespondWith(dsl.Response{
Status: 200,
Headers: dsl.MapMatcher{"Content-Type": dsl.String("application/json")},
Body: dsl.Match(&User{}),
})
// Run the test, verify it did what we expected and capture the contract
if err := pact.Verify(test); err != nil {
log.Fatalf("Error on Verify: %v", err)
}
return nil
}
```
### Provider API Testing
1. `go get github.com/pact-foundation/pact-go`
1. `cd $GOPATH/src/github.com/pact-foundation/pact-go/examples/`
1. `go test -v -run TestProvider`.
Here is the Provider test process broker down:
1. Start your Provider API:
You need to be able to first start your API in the background as part of your tests
before you can run the verification process. Here we create `startServer` which can be
started in its own goroutine:
```go
var lastName = "" // User doesn't exist
func startServer() {
mux := http.NewServeMux()
mux.HandleFunc("/users", func(w http.ResponseWriter, req *http.Request) {
w.Header().Add("Content-Type", "application/json")
fmt.Fprintf(w, fmt.Sprintf(`{"lastName":"%s"}`, lastName))
})
log.Fatal(http.ListenAndServe(":8000", mux))
}
```
2) Verify provider API
You can now tell Pact to read in your Pact files and verify that your API will
satisfy the requirements of each of your known consumers:
```go
func TestProvider(t *testing.T) {
// Create Pact connecting to local Daemon
pact := &dsl.Pact{
Provider: "MyProvider",
}
// Start provider API in the background
go startServer()
// Verify the Provider using the locally saved Pact Files
err := verifier.VerifyProvider(t, v3.VerifyRequest{
ProviderBaseURL: "http://localhost:8000",
PactFiles: []string{filepath.ToSlash(fmt.Sprintf("%s/MyConsumer-MyProvider.json", pactDir))},
StateHandlers: v3.StateHandlers{
// Setup any state required by the test
// in this case, we ensure there is a User "foo" in the system
"User foo exists": func(setup bool, s v3.ProviderStateV3) (v3.ProviderStateV3Response, error) {
if setup {
log.Println("[DEBUG] HOOK calling user foo exists state handler", s)
} else {
log.Println("[DEBUG] HOOK teardown the 'User foo exists' state")
}
// ... do something, such as create "foo" in the database
// Optionally (if there are generators in the pact) return provider state values to be used in the verification
// e.g. the user ID for use in a GET /users/:id path
return v3.ProviderStateV3Response{"uuid": "1234"}, nil
},
},
})
}
```
Note that `PactURLs` may be a list of local pact files or remote based
urls (e.g. from a
[Pact Broker](http://docs.pact.io/documentation/sharings_pacts.html)).
#### Provider States
If you have defined any states (as denoted by a `Given()`) in your consumer tests, the `Verifier` can put the provider into the correct state prior to sending the actual request for validation. For example, the provider can use the state to mock away certain database queries. To support this, set up a `StateHandler` for each state using hooks on the `StateHandlers` property. Here is an example:
```go
pact.VerifyProvider(t, types.VerifyRequest{
...
StateHandlers: v3.StateHandlers{
"User 1234 exists": func(setup bool, s v3.ProviderStateV3) (v3.ProviderStateV3Response, error) {
// set the database to have users
userRepository = fullUsersRepository
// if you have dynamic IDs and you are using provider state value generators
// you can return a key/value response that will be used by the verifier to substitute
// the pact file values, with the replacements here
return v3.ProviderStateV3Response{"uuid": "1234"}, nil
},
"No users exist": func(setup bool, s v3.ProviderStateV3) (v3.ProviderStateV3Response, error) {
// set the database to an empty database
userRepository = emptyRepository
return nil, nil
},
},
})
```
As you can see, for each state (`"User 1234 exists"` etc.) we configure the local datastore differently. If this option is not configured, the `Verifier` will ignore the provider states defined in the pact and log a warning.
Each handler takes a `setup` property indicating if the state is being setup (before the test) or torn dowmn (post request). This is useful if you want to cleanup after the test.
You may also optionally return a key/value map for provider state value generators to substitute values in the incoming test request.
Note that if the State Handler errors, the test will exit early with a failure.
Read more about [Provider States](https://docs.pact.io/getting_started/provider_states).
#### Before and After Hooks
Sometimes, it's useful to be able to do things before or after a test has run, such as reset a database, log a metric etc. A `BeforeEach` runs before any other part of the Pact test lifecycle, and a `AfterEach` runs as the last step before returning the verification result back to the test.
You can add them to your Verification as follows:
```go
pact.VerifyProvider(t, types.VerifyRequest{
...
BeforeEach: func() error {
fmt.Println("before hook, do something")
return nil
},
AfterEach: func() error {
fmt.Println("after hook, do something")
return nil
},
})
```
If the Hook errors, the test will fail.
#### Request Filtering
Sometimes you may need to add things to the requests that can't be persisted in a pact file. Examples of these are authentication tokens with a small life span. e.g. an OAuth bearer token: `Authorization: Bearer 0b79bab50daca910b000d4f1a2b675d604257e42`.
For these cases, we have two facilities that should be carefully used during verification:
1. the ability to specify custom headers to be sent during provider verification. The flag to achieve this is `CustomProviderHeaders`.
1. the ability to modify a request/response and change the payload. The parameter to achieve this is `RequestFilter`.
Read on for more.
##### Example: API with Authorization
_WARNING_: This should only be attempted once you know what you're doing!
Request filters are custom middleware, that are executed for each request, allowing `token` to change between invocations. Request filters can change the request coming in, _and_ the response back to the verifier. It is common to pair this with `StateHandlers` as per above, that can set/expire the token
for different test cases:
```go
pact.VerifyProvider(t, types.VerifyRequest{
...
RequestFilter: func(next http.Handler) http.Handler {
return http.HandlerFunc(func(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request) {
r.Header.Add("Authorization", fmt.Sprintf("Bearer %s", token))
next.ServeHTTP(w, r)
})
}
})
```
_Important Note_: You should only use this feature for things that can not be persisted in the pact file. By modifying the request, you are potentially modifying the contract from the consumer tests!
#### Pending Pacts
Pending pacts is a feature that allows consumers to publish new contracts or changes to existing contracts without breaking Provider's builds. It does so by flagging the contract as "unverified" in the Pact Broker the first time a contract is published. A Provider can then enable a behaviour (via `EnablePending: true`) that will still perform a verification (and thus share the results back to the broker) but _not_ fail the verification step itself.
This enables safe introduction of new contracts into the system, without breaking Provider builds, whilst still providing feedback to Consumers as per before.
See the [docs](https://docs.pact.io/pending) and this [article](http://blog.pact.io/2020/02/24/how-we-have-fixed-the-biggest-problem-with-the-pact-workflow/) for more background.
#### WIP Pacts
WIP Pacts builds upon pending pacts, enabling provider tests to pull in _any_ contracts applicable to the provider regardless of the `tag` it was given. This is useful, because often times consumers won't follow the exact same tagging convention and so their workflow would be interrupted. This feature enables any pacts determined to be "work in progress" to be verified by the Provider, without causing a build failure. You can enable this behaviour by specifying a valid `time.Time` field for `IncludeWIPPactsSince`. This sets the start window for which new WIP pacts will be pulled down for verification, regardless of the tag.
See the [docs](https://docs.pact.io/wip) and this [article](http://blog.pact.io/2020/02/24/introducing-wip-pacts/) for more background.
#### Lifecycle of a provider verification
For each _interaction_ in a pact file, the order of execution is as follows:
`BeforeEach` -> `StateHandler` -> `RequestFilter (pre)` -> `Execute Provider Test` -> `RequestFilter (post)` -> `AfterEach`
If any of the middleware or hooks fail, the tests will also fail.
### Publishing pacts to a Pact Broker and Tagging Pacts
Using a [Pact Broker] is recommended for any serious workloads, you can run your own one or use a [hosted broker].
By integrating with a Broker, you get much more advanced collaboration features and can take advantage of automation tools, such as the [can-i-deploy tool], which can tell you at any point in time, which component is safe to release.
See the [Pact Broker](https://docs.pact.io/getting-started/sharing-pacts-with-the-pact-broker)
documentation for more details on the Broker.
#### Publishing from Go code
```go
p := Publisher{}
err := p.Publish(types.PublishRequest{
PactURLs: []string{"./pacts/my_consumer-my_provider.json"},
PactBroker: "http://pactbroker:8000",
ConsumerVersion: "1.0.0",
Tags: []string{"master", "dev"},
})
```
#### Publishing Provider Verification Results to a Pact Broker
If you're using a Pact Broker (e.g. a hosted one at pact.dius.com.au), you can
publish your verification results so that consumers can query if they are safe
to release.
It looks like this:
You need to specify the following:
```go
PublishVerificationResults: true,
ProviderVersion: "1.0.0",
```
_NOTE_: You need to be already pulling pacts from the broker for this feature to work.
#### Publishing from the CLI
Use a cURL request like the following to PUT the pact to the right location,
specifying your consumer name, provider name and consumer version.
```
curl -v \
-X PUT \
-H "Content-Type: application/json" \
-d@spec/pacts/a_consumer-a_provider.json \
http://your-pact-broker/pacts/provider/A%20Provider/consumer/A%20Consumer/version/1.0.0
```
#### Using the Pact Broker with Basic authentication
The following flags are required to use basic authentication when
publishing or retrieving Pact files with a Pact Broker:
- `BrokerUsername` - the username for Pact Broker basic authentication.
- `BrokerPassword` - the password for Pact Broker basic authentication.
#### Using the Pact Broker with Bearer Token authentication
The following flags are required to use bearer token authentication when
publishing or retrieving Pact files with a Pact Broker:
- `BrokerToken` - the token to authenticate with (excluding the `"Bearer"` prefix)
## Asynchronous API Testing
Modern distributed architectures are increasingly integrated in a decoupled, asynchronous fashion. Message queues such as ActiveMQ, RabbitMQ, SQS, Kafka and Kinesis are common, often integrated via small and frequent numbers of microservices (e.g. lambda).
Furthermore, the web has things like WebSockets which involve bidirectional messaging.
Pact now has experimental support for these use cases, by abstracting away the protocol and focussing on the messages passing between them.
For further reading and introduction into this topic, see this [article](https://dius.com.au/2017/09/22/contract-testing-serverless-and-asynchronous-applications/)
and our [example](https://github.com/pact-foundation/pact-go/tree/master/examples/messages) for a more detailed overview of these concepts.
### Consumer
A Consumer is the system that will be reading a message from a queue or some intermediary - like a Kinesis stream, websocket or S3 bucket -
and be able to handle it.
From a Pact testing point of view, Pact takes the place of the intermediary and confirms whether or not the consumer is able to handle a request.
The following test creates a contract for a Dog API handler:
```go
// 1 Given this handler that accepts a User and returns an error
userHandler := func(u User) error {
if u.ID == -1 {
return errors.New("invalid object supplied, missing fields (id)")
}
// ... actually consume the message
return nil
}
// 2 We write a small adapter that will take the incoming dsl.Message
// and call the function with the correct type
var userHandlerWrapper = func(m dsl.Message) error {
return userHandler(*m.Content.(*User))
}
// 3 Create the Pact Message Consumer
pact := dsl.Pact {
return dsl.Pact{
Consumer: "PactGoMessageConsumer",
Provider: "PactGoMessageProvider",
}
}
// 4 Write the consumer test, and call VerifyMessageConsumer
// passing through the function
func TestMessageConsumer_Success(t *testing.T) {
message := pact.AddMessage()
message.
Given("some state").
ExpectsToReceive("some test case").
WithMetadata(commonHeaders).
WithContent(map[string]interface{}{
"id": like(127),
"name": "Baz",
"access": eachLike(map[string]interface{}{
"role": term("admin", "admin|controller|user"),
}, 3),
})
AsType(&User{}) // Optional
pact.VerifyMessageConsumer(t, message, userHandlerWrapper)
}
```
**Explanation**:
1. The API - a contrived API handler example. Expects a User object and throws an `Error` if it can't handle it.
- In most applications, some form of transactionality exists and communication with a MQ/broker happens.
- It's important we separate out the protocol bits from the message handling bits, so that we can test that in isolation.
1. Creates the MessageConsumer class
1. Setup the expectations for the consumer - here we expect a `User` object with three fields
1. Pact will send the message to your message handler. If the handler does not error, the message is saved, otherwise the test fails. There are a few key things to consider:
- The actual request body that Pact will invoke on your handler will be contained within a `dsl.Message` object along with other context, so the body must be retrieved via `Content` attribute. If you set `Message.AsType(T)` this object will be mapped for you. If you don't want Pact to perform the conversion, you may do so on the object (`dsl.Message.Content`) or on the raw JSON (`dsl.Message.ContentRaw`).
- All handlers to be tested must be of the shape `func(dsl.Message) error` - that is, they must accept a `Message` and return an `error`. This is how we get around all of the various protocols, and will often require a lightweight adapter function to convert it.
- In this case, we wrap the actual `userHandler` with `userHandlerWrapper` provided by Pact.
### Provider (Producer)
A Provider (Producer in messaging parlance) is the system that will be putting a message onto the queue.
As per the Consumer case, Pact takes the position of the intermediary (MQ/broker) and checks to see whether or not the Provider sends a message that matches the Consumer's expectations.
```js
functionMappings := dsl.MessageProviders{
"some test case": func(m dsl.Message) (interface{}, error) {
fmt.Println("Calling provider function that is responsible for creating the message")
res := User{
ID: 44,
Name: "Baz",
Access: []AccessLevel{
{Role: "admin"},
{Role: "admin"},
{Role: "admin"}},
}
return res, nil
},
}
// Verify the Provider with local Pact Files
pact.VerifyMessageProvider(t, types.VerifyMessageRequest{
PactURLs: []string{filepath.ToSlash(fmt.Sprintf("%s/pactgomessageconsumer-pactgomessageprovider.json", pactDir))},
}, functionMappings)
```
**Explanation**:
1. Our API client contains a single function `createDog` which is responsible for generating the message that will be sent to the consumer via some message queue
1. We configure Pact to stand-in for the queue. The most important bit here is the `handlers` block
- Similar to the Consumer tests, we map the various interactions that are going to be verified as denoted by their `description` field. In this case, `a request for a dog`, maps to the `createDog` handler. Notice how this matches the original Consumer test.
1. We can now run the verification process. Pact will read all of the interactions specified by its consumer, and invoke each function that is responsible for generating that message.
### Pact Broker Integration
As per HTTP APIs, you can [publish contracts and verification results to a Broker](#publishing-pacts-to-a-pact-broker-and-tagging-pacts).
## Matching
In addition to verbatim value matching, we have 3 useful matching functions
in the `dsl` package that can increase expressiveness and reduce brittle test
cases.
Rather than use hard-coded values which must then be present on the Provider side,
you can use regular expressions and type matches on objects and arrays to validate the
structure of your APIs.
Matchers can be used on the `Body`, `Headers`, `Path` and `Query` fields of the `dsl.Request`
type, and the `Body` and `Headers` fields of the `dsl.Response` type.
### Matching on types
`dsl.Like(content)` tells Pact that the value itself is not important, as long
as the element _type_ (valid JSON number, string, object etc.) itself matches.
### Matching on arrays
`dsl.EachLike(content, min)` - tells Pact that the value should be an array type,
consisting of elements like those passed in. `min` must be >= 1. `content` may
be a valid JSON value: e.g. strings, numbers and objects.
### Matching by regular expression
`dsl.Term(example, matcher)` - tells Pact that the value should match using
a given regular expression, using `example` in mock responses. `example` must be
a string. \*
_NOTE_: One caveat to note, is that you will need to use valid Ruby
[regular expressions](http://ruby-doc.org/core-2.1.5/Regexp.html) and double
escape backslashes.
_Example:_
Here is a more complex example that shows how all 3 terms can be used together:
```go
body :=
Like(map[string]interface{}{
"response": map[string]interface{}{
"name": Like("Billy"),
"type": Term("admin", "admin|user|guest"),
"items": EachLike("cat", 2)
},
})
```
This example will result in a response body from the mock server that looks like:
```json
{
"response": {
"name": "Billy",
"type": "admin",
"items": ["cat", "cat"]
}
}
```
### Match common formats
Often times, you find yourself having to re-write regular expressions for common formats. We've created a number of them for you to save you the time:
| method | description |
| --------------- | ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
| `Identifier()` | Match an ID (e.g. 42) |
| `Integer()` | Match all numbers that are integers (both ints and longs) |
| `Decimal()` | Match all real numbers (floating point and decimal) |
| `HexValue()` | Match all hexadecimal encoded strings |
| `Date()` | Match string containing basic ISO8601 dates (e.g. 2016-01-01) |
| `Timestamp()` | Match a string containing an RFC3339 formatted timestapm (e.g. Mon, 31 Oct 2016 15:21:41 -0400) |
| `Time()` | Match string containing times in ISO date format (e.g. T22:44:30.652Z) |
| `IPv4Address()` | Match string containing IP4 formatted address |
| `IPv6Address()` | Match string containing IP6 formatted address |
| `UUID()` | Match strings containing UUIDs |
#### Auto-generate matchers from struct tags
Furthermore, if you isolate your Data Transfer Objects (DTOs) to an adapters package so that they exactly reflect the interface between you and your provider, then you can leverage `dsl.Match` to auto-generate the expected response body in your contract tests. Under the hood, `Match` recursively traverses the DTO struct and uses `Term, Like, and EachLike` to create the contract.
This saves the trouble of declaring the contract by hand. It also maintains one source of truth. To change the consumer-provider interface, you only have to update your DTO struct and the contract will automatically follow suit.
_Example:_
```go
type DTO struct {
ID string `json:"id"`
Title string `json:"title"`
Tags []string `json:"tags" pact:"min=2"`
Date string `json:"date" pact:"example=2000-01-01,regex=^\\d{4}-\\d{2}-\\d{2}$"`
}
```
then specifying a response body is as simple as:
```go
// Set up our expected interactions.
pact.
AddInteraction().
Given("User foo exists").
UponReceiving("A request to get foo").
WithRequest(dsl.Request{
Method: "GET",
Path: "/foobar",
Headers: map[string]string{"Content-Type": "application/json"},
}).
WillRespondWith(dsl.Response{
Status: 200,
Headers: map[string]string{"Content-Type": "application/json"},
Body: Match(DTO{}), // That's it!!!
})
```
The `pact` struct tags shown above are optional. By default, dsl.Match just asserts that the JSON shape matches the struct and that the field types match.
See [dsl.Match](https://github.com/pact-foundation/pact-go/blob/master/dsl/matcher.go) for more information.
See the [matcher tests](https://github.com/pact-foundation/pact-go/blob/master/dsl/matcher_test.go)
for more matching examples.
## Tutorial (60 minutes)
Learn everything in Pact Go in 60 minutes: https://github.com/pact-foundation/pact-workshop-go
## Examples
### HTTP APIs
- [API Consumer](https://github.com/pact-foundation/pact-go/tree/master/examples/)
- [Golang ServeMux](https://github.com/pact-foundation/pact-go/tree/master/examples/mux)
- [Gin](https://github.com/pact-foundation/pact-go/tree/master/examples/gin)
### Asynchronous APIs
- [Message Queue](https://github.com/pact-foundation/pact-go/tree/master/examples/messages)
### Integrated examples
There are number of examples we use as end-to-end integration test prior to releasing a new binary, including publishing to a Pact Broker. To enable them, set the following environment variables
```sh
make pact
```
Once these variables have been exported, cd into one of the directories containing a test and run `go test -v .`:
## Troubleshooting
#### Splitting tests across multiple files
Pact tests tend to be quite long, due to the need to be specific about request/response payloads. Often times it is nicer to be able to split your tests across multiple files for manageability.
You have two options to achieve this feat:
1. Set `PactFileWriteMode` to `"merge"` when creating a `Pact` struct:
This will allow you to have multiple independent tests for a given Consumer-Provider pair, without it clobbering previous interactions.
See this [PR](https://github.com/pact-foundation/pact-js/pull/48) for background.
_NOTE_: If using this approach, you _must_ be careful to clear out existing pact files (e.g. `rm ./pacts/*.json`) before you run tests to ensure you don't have left over requests that are no longer relevent.
1. Create a Pact test helper to orchestrate the setup and teardown of the mock service for multiple tests.
In larger test bases, this can reduce test suite time and the amount of code you have to manage.
See the JS [example](https://github.com/tarciosaraiva/pact-melbjs/blob/master/helper.js) and related [issue](https://github.com/pact-foundation/pact-js/issues/11) for more.
#### Output Logging
Pact Go uses a simple log utility ([logutils](https://github.com/hashicorp/logutils))
to filter log messages. The CLI already contains flags to manage this,
should you want to control log level in your tests, you can set it like so:
```go
pact := Pact{
...
LogLevel: "DEBUG", // One of TRACE, DEBUG, INFO, ERROR, NONE
}
```
`TRACE` level logging will print the entire request/response cycle.
#### Check if the CLI tools are up to date
Pact ships with a CLI that you can also use to check if the tools are up to date. Simply run `pact-go install`, exit status `0` is good, `1` or higher is bad.
#### Disable CLI checks to speed up tests
Pact relies on a number of CLI tools for successful operation, and it performs some pre-emptive checks
during test runs to ensure that everything will run smoothly. This check, unfortunately, can add up
if spread across a large test suite. You can disable the check by setting the environment variable `PACT_DISABLE_TOOL_VALIDITY_CHECK=1` or specifying it when creating a `dsl.Pact` struct:
```go
dsl.Pact{
...
DisableToolValidityCheck: true,
}
```
You can then [check if the CLI tools are up to date](#check-if-the-cli-tools-are-up-to-date) as part of your CI process once up-front and speed up the rest of the process!
#### Re-run a specific provider verification test
Sometimes you want to target a specific test for debugging an issue or some other reason.
This is easy for the consumer side, as each consumer test can be controlled
within a valid `*testing.T` function, however this is not possible for Provider verification.
But there is a way! Given an interaction that looks as follows (taken from the message examples):
```go
message := pact.AddMessage()
message.
Given("user with id 127 exists").
ExpectsToReceive("a user").
WithMetadata(commonHeaders).
WithContent(map[string]interface{}{
"id": like(127),
"name": "Baz",
"access": eachLike(map[string]interface{}{
"role": term("admin", "admin|controller|user"),
}, 3),
}).
AsType(&types.User{})
```
and the function used to run provider verification is `go test -run TestMessageProvider`, you can test the verification of this specific interaction by setting two environment variables `PACT_DESCRIPTION` and `PACT_PROVIDER_STATE` and re-running the command. For example:
```
cd examples/message/provider
PACT_DESCRIPTION="a user" PACT_PROVIDER_STATE="user with id 127 exists" go test -v .
```
### Verifying APIs with a self-signed certificate
Supply your own TLS configuration to customise the behaviour of the runtime:
```go
_, err := pact.VerifyProvider(t, types.VerifyRequest{
ProviderBaseURL: "https://localhost:8080",
PactURLs: []string{filepath.ToSlash(fmt.Sprintf("%s/consumer-selfsignedtls.json", pactDir))},
CustomTLSConfig: &tls.Config{
RootCAs: getCaCertPool(), // Specify a custom CA pool
// InsecureSkipVerify: true, // Disable SSL verification altogether
},
})
```
See [self-signed certificate](https://github.com/pact-foundation/pact-go/examles/customTls/self_signed_certificate_test.go) for an example.
### Testing AWS API Gateway APIs
AWS changed their certificate authority last year, and not all OSs have the latest CA chains. If you can't update to the latest certificate bunidles, see "Verifying APIs with a self-signed certificate" for how to work around this.
## Contact
Join us in slack: [](http://slack.pact.io)
or
- Twitter: [@pact_up]
- Stack Overflow: https://stackoverflow.com/questions/tagged/pact
## Documentation
Additional documentation can be found at the main [Pact website](http://pact.io) and in the [Pact Wiki].
## Roadmap
The [roadmap](https://docs.pact.io/roadmap/) for Pact and Pact Go is outlined on our main website.
Detail on the native Go implementation can be found [here](https://github.com/pact-foundation/pact-go/wiki/Native-implementation-roadmap).
## Contributing
See [CONTRIBUTING](CONTRIBUTING.md).
[spec]: https://github.com/pact-foundation/pact-specification
[1xx]: https://github.com/pact-foundation/pact-go/
[stable]: https://github.com/pact-foundation/pact-go/tree/release/0.x.x
[alpha]: https://github.com/pact-foundation/pact-go/tree/release/1.1.x
[troubleshooting]: https://github.com/pact-foundation/pact-go/wiki/Troubleshooting
[pact wiki]: https://github.com/pact-foundation/pact-ruby/wiki
[getting started with pact]: http://dius.com.au/2016/02/03/microservices-pact/
[pact website]: http://docs.pact.io/
[slack channel]: https://gophers.slack.com/messages/pact/
[@pact_up]: https://twitter.com/pact_up
[pact specification v2]: https://github.com/pact-foundation/pact-specification/tree/version-2
[pact specification v3]: https://github.com/pact-foundation/pact-specification/tree/version-3
[libraries]: https://github.com/pact-foundation/pact-reference/releases
[cli tools]: https://github.com/pact-foundation/pact-reference/releases
[installation]: #installation
[message support]: https://github.com/pact-foundation/pact-specification/tree/version-3#introduces-messages-for-services-that-communicate-via-event-streams-and-message-queues
[changelog]: https://github.com/pact-foundation/pact-go/blob/master/CHANGELOG.md
[pact broker]: https://github.com/pact-foundation/pact_broker
[hosted broker]: pact.dius.com.au
[can-i-deploy tool]: https://github.com/pact-foundation/pact_broker/wiki/Provider-verification-results
[pactflow]: https://pactflow.io