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https://github.com/pauloanalista/sqlserver
Querys e rotinas que facilitam nosso dia a dia.
https://github.com/pauloanalista/sqlserver
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Querys e rotinas que facilitam nosso dia a dia.
- Host: GitHub
- URL: https://github.com/pauloanalista/sqlserver
- Owner: pauloanalista
- Created: 2017-06-26T16:24:18.000Z (over 7 years ago)
- Default Branch: master
- Last Pushed: 2024-05-28T14:47:07.000Z (7 months ago)
- Last Synced: 2024-05-29T06:25:45.010Z (7 months ago)
- Size: 37.1 KB
- Stars: 5
- Watchers: 2
- Forks: 0
- Open Issues: 0
-
Metadata Files:
- Readme: README.md
Awesome Lists containing this project
README
# SqlServer
Querys e rotinas que facilitam nosso dia a dia.
#### Habilita e desabilita o identity
```sql
SET IDENTITY_INSERT Automacao.VersaoGlobal ON --Desabilita o IDENTITY
SET IDENTITY_INSERT Automacao.VersaoGlobal OFF --Habilita o IDENTITY
```
#### Seta proxima versão do identity
```sql
DBCC CHECKIDENT('Automacao.VersaoGlobal', RESEED, 427) -- proximo sera 428
```
#### Qtde de conexões abertas
```sql
SELECT
DB_NAME(dbid) as BancoDeDados,
COUNT(dbid) as QtdeConexoes,
loginame as Login
FROM
sys.sysprocesses
WHERE
dbid > 0
GROUP BY
dbid, loginame
```
##### Criar classe C# via Sql
```sql
declare @TableName sysname = 'Usuario'
declare @Result varchar(max) = 'public class ' + @TableName + '
{'
select @Result = @Result + '
public ' + ColumnType + NullableSign + ' ' + ColumnName + ' { get; set; }
'
from
(
select
replace(col.name, ' ', '_') ColumnName,
column_id ColumnId,
case typ.name
when 'bigint' then 'long'
when 'binary' then 'byte[]'
when 'bit' then 'bool'
when 'char' then 'string'
when 'date' then 'DateTime'
when 'datetime' then 'DateTime'
when 'datetime2' then 'DateTime'
when 'datetimeoffset' then 'DateTimeOffset'
when 'decimal' then 'decimal'
when 'float' then 'float'
when 'image' then 'byte[]'
when 'int' then 'int'
when 'money' then 'decimal'
when 'nchar' then 'char'
when 'ntext' then 'string'
when 'numeric' then 'decimal'
when 'nvarchar' then 'string'
when 'real' then 'double'
when 'smalldatetime' then 'DateTime'
when 'smallint' then 'short'
when 'smallmoney' then 'decimal'
when 'text' then 'string'
when 'time' then 'TimeSpan'
when 'timestamp' then 'DateTime'
when 'tinyint' then 'byte'
when 'uniqueidentifier' then 'Guid'
when 'varbinary' then 'byte[]'
when 'varchar' then 'string'
else 'UNKNOWN_' + typ.name
end ColumnType,
case
when col.is_nullable = 1 and typ.name in ('bigint', 'bit', 'date', 'datetime', 'datetime2', 'datetimeoffset', 'decimal', 'float', 'int', 'money', 'numeric', 'real', 'smalldatetime', 'smallint', 'smallmoney', 'time', 'tinyint', 'uniqueidentifier')
then '?'
else ''
end NullableSign
from sys.columns col
join sys.types typ on
col.system_type_id = typ.system_type_id AND col.user_type_id = typ.user_type_id
where object_id = object_id(@TableName)
) t
order by ColumnId
set @Result = @Result + '
}'
print @Result
```
##### Percentual CPU Banco
```sql
select
end_time, avg_cpu_percent as PercentualCpuBanco,
*
from sys.dm_db_resource_stats
```
##### Paginando o resultado de uma query
```sql
DECLARE @PageSize As Int = 10
DECLARE @PageNumber As Int = 1
SELECT
Data
, Valor
FROM Pedido
ORDER BY Data
OFFSET @PageSize * (@PageNumber - 1) ROWS
FETCH NEXT @PageSize ROWS ONLY;
```
##### IIF - Alternativa ao CASE WHEN
Operador ternário. Simplifica o uso excessivo de CASE WHEN, que às vezes acaba tornando a consulta ilegível.
```sql
SELECT
Data
, Valor
, IIF(Pago = 1, 'Sim', 'Não') As Pago
FROM Pedido
```
##### LAG/LEAD
Funções que permite acessar alguma coluna da linha anterior ou posterior, respectivamente.
```sql
-- Retorna NULL
SELECT
Data
, Valor
, LAG(Data, 1) OVER(ORDER BY Data ASC) As PedidoAnteriorEm
FROM Pedido
ORDER BY Data ASC
-- Retorna 2016-01-02 00:00:00.000
SELECT
Data
, Valor
, LEAD(Data, 1) OVER(ORDER BY Data ASC) As ProximoPedidoEm
FROM Pedido
ORDER BY Data ASC
```
##### EXCLUSÃO DE OBJETOS
Sintaxe mais simples para remoção de objetos.
```sql
-- Antes
IF OBJECT_ID('Pedido', 'U') IS NOT NULL
DROP TABLE Pedido
-- Agora
DROP TABLE IF EXISTS Pedido
```
##### STRING_SPLIT
Função que recebe uma string (podendo ser uma coluna de uma tabela) separada por um determinado caractere e permite utilizar o resultado na cláusula FROM ou JOIN.
```sql
SELECT value FROM string_split('PAULO;AGATHA;FERNANDA', ';')
```
##### Script responsável por buscar um campo específico em todas as tabelas do banco de dados
```sql
--use NomeDoBancoDeDados
--Buscar campo em todas as tabelas
declare @campo varchar(max)
SET @campo = 'DataModificacao';
SELECT
T.name AS Tabela,
C.name AS Coluna
FROM
sys.sysobjects AS T (NOLOCK)
INNER JOIN sys.all_columns AS C (NOLOCK) ON T.id = C.object_id AND T.XTYPE = 'U'
WHERE
C.NAME LIKE '%' + @campo + '%'
ORDER BY
T.name ASC
```
##### Script responsável por localizar palavras em tabelas, tabela de sistema, procedures, views e funções
```sh
/*
U => Tabela Usuário
S => Tabela de sistema
P => Procedure
V => View
F => Function
*/
SELECT A.NAME, A.TYPE, B.TEXT
FROM SYSOBJECTS A (nolock)
JOIN SYSCOMMENTS B (nolock)
ON A.ID = B.ID
WHERE B.TEXT LIKE '%tempo%' --- Informação a ser procurada no corpo da procedure, funcao ou view
AND A.TYPE = 'P' --- Tipo de objeto a ser localizado no caso procedure
ORDER BY A.NAME
```
##### Script responsável por obter usuários ativos no banco
```sql
SELECT
DB_NAME(dbid) as DBName,
COUNT(dbid) as NumberOfConnections,
loginame as LoginName
FROM
sys.sysprocesses
WHERE
dbid > 0
GROUP BY
dbid, loginame
order by 2 desc
```
##### Script responsável por obter consultas pesadas
```sql
SELECT TOP 10
total_worker_time/execution_count AS Avg_CPU_Time
,execution_count
,total_elapsed_time/execution_count as AVG_Run_Time
,(SELECT
SUBSTRING(text,statement_start_offset/2,(CASE
WHEN statement_end_offset = -1 THEN LEN(CONVERT(nvarchar(max), text)) * 2
ELSE statement_end_offset
END -statement_start_offset)/2
) FROM sys.dm_exec_sql_text(sql_handle)
) AS query_text,
*
FROM sys.dm_exec_query_stats
ORDER BY Avg_CPU_Time DESC
--ORDER BY AVG_Run_Time DESC
--ORDER BY execution_count DESC
```
##### Como identificar consultas ad-hoc “pesadas” com DMV’s
```sql
SELECT TOP 100
DB_NAME(C.[dbid]) as [database],
B.[text],
(SELECT CAST(SUBSTRING(B.[text], (A.statement_start_offset/2)+1,
(((CASE A.statement_end_offset
WHEN -1 THEN DATALENGTH(B.[text])
ELSE A.statement_end_offset
END) - A.statement_start_offset)/2) + 1) AS NVARCHAR(MAX)) FOR XML PATH(''), TYPE) AS [TSQL],
C.query_plan,
A.last_execution_time,
A.execution_count,
A.total_elapsed_time / 1000 AS total_elapsed_time_ms,
A.last_elapsed_time / 1000 AS last_elapsed_time_ms,
A.min_elapsed_time / 1000 AS min_elapsed_time_ms,
A.max_elapsed_time / 1000 AS max_elapsed_time_ms,
((A.total_elapsed_time / A.execution_count) / 1000) AS avg_elapsed_time_ms,
A.total_worker_time / 1000 AS total_worker_time_ms,
A.last_worker_time / 1000 AS last_worker_time_ms,
A.min_worker_time / 1000 AS min_worker_time_ms,
A.max_worker_time / 1000 AS max_worker_time_ms,
((A.total_worker_time / a.execution_count) / 1000) AS avg_worker_time_ms,
A.total_physical_reads,
A.last_physical_reads,
A.min_physical_reads,
A.max_physical_reads,
A.total_logical_reads,
A.last_logical_reads,
A.min_logical_reads,
A.max_logical_reads,
A.total_logical_writes,
A.last_logical_writes,
A.min_logical_writes,
A.max_logical_writes
FROM
sys.dm_exec_query_stats A
CROSS APPLY sys.dm_exec_sql_text(A.[sql_handle]) B
OUTER APPLY sys.dm_exec_query_plan (A.plan_handle) AS C
ORDER BY
A.total_elapsed_time DESC
```
##### Como verificar e resolver a fragmentação de índices no SQL Server
```sh
SELECT
dbschemas.[name] as 'Schema',
dbtables.[name] as 'Table',
dbindexes.[name] as 'Index',
indexstats.avg_fragmentation_in_percent,
indexstats.page_count
FROM
sys.dm_db_index_physical_stats (DB_ID(), NULL, NULL, NULL, NULL) AS indexstats
INNER JOIN sys.tables dbtables
on dbtables.[object_id] = indexstats.[object_id]
INNER JOIN sys.schemas dbschemas
on dbtables.[schema_id] = dbschemas.[schema_id]
INNER JOIN sys.indexes AS dbindexes
ON dbindexes.[object_id] = indexstats.[object_id]
AND indexstats.index_id = dbindexes.index_id
WHERE indexstats.database_id = DB_ID() AND dbtables.[name] like '%Ultima%'
ORDER BY indexstats.avg_fragmentation_in_percent desc
```
A seguinte tabela indica as recomendações da Microsoft sobre rebuild e reorganize:
Fragmentação (em %) | Ação | Query
-----------------------------------------|:----------------:|------------------------------------------
avg_fragmentation_in_percent > 5 AND < 30| Reorganize Index | ALTER INDEX REORGANIZE
avg_fragmentation_in_percent > 30 | Rebuild Index | ALTER INDEX REBUILD WITH (ONLINE = ON)
A recompilação de um índice pode ser executada online ou offline. A reorganização de um índice sempre é executada online. Para atingir disponibilidade semelhante à opção de reorganização, recrie índices online. Veja o exemplo:
```sql
--reorganizar um índice específico
ALTER INDEX IX_NAME
ON dbo.Employee
REORGANIZE ;
GO
-- reorganizar todos os índices de uma tabela
ALTER INDEX ALL ON dbo.Employee
REORGANIZE ;
GO
-- rebuild de um índice específico
ALTER INDEX PK_Employee_BusinessEntityID ON dbo.Employee
REBUILD;
-- rebuild de todos índice de uma tabela
ALTER INDEX ALL ON dbo.Employee
REBUILD;
```
Lembre-se que o comando rebuild por padrão gera lock na tabela e leva bem mais tempo do que o reorganize. Por isto tenha cuidado ao realizar estas operações dentro do horário produtivo do seu software.
##### Como matar os processos do banco de dados
```sql
--CONSULTAR PROCESSOS
select DB_NAME(spid), *
FROM
master..sysprocesses
WHERE
--dbid = DB_ID('ViacaoMaua') -- Nome do database
dbid > 4 -- Não eliminar sessões em databases de sistema
AND spid <> @@SPID -- Não eliminar a sua própria sessão
and status not in('sleeping', 'suspended')
-- order by last_batch asc
order by cpu desc
--MATAR PROCESSOS
DECLARE @query VARCHAR(MAX) = ''
SELECT
@query = COALESCE(@query, ',') + 'KILL ' + CONVERT(VARCHAR, spid) + '; '
FROM
master..sysprocesses
WHERE
1=1
and dbid = DB_ID('ViacaoSantaLuzia') -- Nome do database
AND dbid > 4 -- Não eliminar sessões em databases de sistema
AND spid <> @@SPID -- Não eliminar a sua própria sessão
--and status <> 'sleeping'
IF (LEN(@query) > 0)
--EXEC(@query)
PRINT @QUERY
```
É possível matar o processo pelo Activity Monitor
- [Youtube](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=rKvkcwFo89o)
##### Consultar tabelas locadas
```sql
SELECT distinct L.request_session_id AS SPID,
DT.database_transaction_begin_time,
datediff(MINUTE, DT.database_transaction_begin_time, getdate()) as tempo_transacao_aberta_minutos,
DB_NAME(L.resource_database_id) AS DatabaseName,
O.Name AS LockedObjectName,
P.object_id AS LockedObjectId,
L.resource_type AS LockedResource,
L.request_mode AS LockType,
ST.text AS SqlStatementText,
ES.login_name AS LoginName,
ES.host_name AS HostName,
TST.is_user_transaction as IsUserTransaction,
AT.name as TransactionName,
CN.auth_scheme as AuthenticationMethod
FROM sys.dm_tran_locks L
JOIN sys.partitions P ON P.hobt_id = L.resource_associated_entity_id
JOIN sys.objects O ON O.object_id = P.object_id
JOIN sys.dm_exec_sessions ES ON ES.session_id = L.request_session_id
JOIN sys.dm_tran_session_transactions TST ON ES.session_id = TST.session_id
JOIN sys.dm_tran_active_transactions AT ON TST.transaction_id = AT.transaction_id
JOIN sys.dm_exec_connections CN ON CN.session_id = ES.session_id
JOIN sys.dm_tran_database_transactions DT ON DT.transaction_id = TST.transaction_id
CROSS APPLY sys.dm_exec_sql_text(CN.most_recent_sql_handle) AS ST
WHERE -- resource_database_id = db_id() and
DT.database_transaction_begin_time is not null
ORDER BY DT.database_transaction_begin_time desc
```
##### Como verificar os spids responsáveis pelos bloqueios
```sql
select spid, blocked, hostname=left(hostname,20), program_name=left(program_name,20),
WaitTime_Seg = convert(int,(waittime/1000)) ,open_tran, status
From master.dbo.sysprocesses
where blocked > 0
and spid in (select blocked from Master.dbo.sysprocesses where blocked > 0)
order by spid
```
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