https://github.com/pd-mera/tic-tac-toe
Make an unbeatable Tic-Tac-Toe AI, first step to Game AI
https://github.com/pd-mera/tic-tac-toe
game game-ai minimax-algorithm
Last synced: 3 months ago
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Make an unbeatable Tic-Tac-Toe AI, first step to Game AI
- Host: GitHub
- URL: https://github.com/pd-mera/tic-tac-toe
- Owner: PD-Mera
- Created: 2024-05-07T08:51:22.000Z (about 1 year ago)
- Default Branch: master
- Last Pushed: 2024-05-09T04:45:06.000Z (about 1 year ago)
- Last Synced: 2025-01-08T19:46:45.202Z (5 months ago)
- Topics: game, game-ai, minimax-algorithm
- Language: Python
- Homepage:
- Size: 25.4 KB
- Stars: 1
- Watchers: 1
- Forks: 0
- Open Issues: 0
-
Metadata Files:
- Readme: README.md
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README
# First Step to Game AI - Unbeatable Tic-Tac-Toe AI
## How to run
### Console
Run in terminal
``` bash
cd frontends/
python -m console -X human -O minimax
```
Or modify code in `frontends/play.py` and run
``` bash
python frontends/play.py
```
## New knowledges learned from this projects
- Using `enum.Enum` in python class
- Define mixin class `Mark(str, enum.Enum)`
- Using a `@property` for a class
- Using `from __future__ import annotations` to postponed evaluation of annotations
- Using `@dataclass(frozen=True)` to make a class with immutable instances
- Learning some regex syntax
- `[^...]`: NOT ONE of the character
- `\s` (lowercase s): matches a whitespace (blank, tab \t, and newline \r or \n)
- `{m}`: The preceding item is matched exactly m times
- `$`: matches the end-of-line excluding newline, or end-of-input (for input not ending with newline)
- `\?`: escape for `?`
> For example:
> - `"^[\sXO]{9}$"` mean string with 9 character contain only X, O and whitespace
> - `"\?"` mean string that have ?
- Using `@cached_property` to ensure code is run at most once
- Data transfer object (DTO) whose main purpose is to carry data
- Using some more things in `typing`.
- `TYPE_CHECKING`: It's false at runtime, but third-party tools, such as `mypy`, will pretend it’s true when performing static type checking to allow the import statement to run
- `Callable`: generic type that represents a callable object, can be called using the function call syntax `()`
- ~~`TypeAlias`: Pass a name to a type to easy code reading~~ (Do not support in python 3.8)
- `Iterable`: a generic type that represents any object that can be iterated over, can be iterated with `for`
- `NameTuple`: a generic type to make the code slightly cleaner and more expressive
- Don’t need to use the pass statement or the ellipsis literal (...) as a class body placeholder if you use a docstring, which can provide additional documentation.
- `abc`: An abstract class is one that you can’t instantiate because its objects wouldn’t stand on their own
- `abc.ABCMeta`: You can mark a class as abstract in Python by setting its metaclass to this
- `@abc.abstractmethod`: an abstract method, which you must implement in concrete subclasses
- Using the `metaclass` argument instead of extending the base class is slightly more flexible, as it doesn’t affect your inheritance hierarchy
- Using Walrus operator `:=` to simplify the calling code. This operator allows you to assign a value to a variable as part of an expression
- ANSI escape code
- `\033`: non-printable `Esc` character, which starts a special code sequence
- `\033[`: Control Sequence Introducer (`CSI`) [Link](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ANSI_escape_code#CSI_(Control_Sequence_Introducer)_sequences)
- `CSI n m`: Select Graphic Rendition (`SGR`) [Link](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ANSI_escape_code#SGR_(Select_Graphic_Rendition)_parameters)
> For example:
> - `\033[0m`: Reset or normal, All attributes become turned off
> - `\033[5m`: Slow blink, Sets blinking to less than 150 times per minute
- Using the `textwrap` module to remove the indentation
- Using unicode emojis
- `\N{party popper}` will render the 🎉 emoji
- `\N{neutral face}` will render the 😐 emoji
- Using `functools.partial()` to produce a new function with fewer parameters by prepopulating one or more of the original function’s arguments with concrete values
## TODO
- Continue [Step 4: Equip the Computer With Artificial Intelligence](https://realpython.com/tic-tac-toe-ai-python/#step-4-equip-the-computer-with-artificial-intelligence) to create unnbeatble AI bot
## Reference
- [Build a Tic-Tac-Toe Game Engine With an AI Player in Python](https://realpython.com/tic-tac-toe-ai-python/)
- [Minimax in Python: Learn How to Lose the Game of Nim](https://realpython.com/python-minimax-nim/)
- [Regular Expressions (Regex)](https://www3.ntu.edu.sg/home/ehchua/programming/howto/Regexe.html)
- [ANSI escape code](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ANSI_escape_code)