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https://github.com/pranigopu/ethics--regulation--law-for-intelligentSystems

A record of my work in the course "Ethics, Regulation and Law in Advanced Digital Information Processing and Decision Making" in my MSc. AI.
https://github.com/pranigopu/ethics--regulation--law-for-intelligentSystems

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A record of my work in the course "Ethics, Regulation and Law in Advanced Digital Information Processing and Decision Making" in my MSc. AI.

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# Ethics, regulation & law for intelligent systems

A record of my work in the course "Ethics, Regulation and Law in Advanced Digital Information Processing and Decision Making" in my MSc. AI. I have altered the name to what I found reflected the course's content better, seeing how the focus was on AI technologies.



## Reference material

### Lecture 1

Topics:



1. Importance of ethical debate/dialogue in the context of AI (especially frontier AI)

2. Important consideration factors when engaging in ethical dialogue/decision-making 

3. Ethical framework vs. legal framework for AI 

4. Important milestones in the global arena related AI ethics 

5. Main frameworks related to AI ethics



Material:



- [>>](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Y6Sgp7y178k) "Godfather of AI" Geoffrey Hinton warns of the "existential threat"

- [>>](https://futureoflife.org/open-letter/pause-giant-ai-experiments/) Open letter to pause AI

- [>>](https://www.ox.ac.uk/news/2023-11-03-expert-comment-oxford-ai-experts-comment-outcomes-uk-ai-safety-summit) Outcome of the AI Summit discussed by the academic community



### Lecture 2

Topics:



1. Overview of few ethical theories

    - Utilitarianism

    - Deontology

    - Virtue ethics

    - Consequentialism

2. Purpose of AI with respect to human flourishing theory

4. Ethical frameworks specific to AI

    - Fairness, accountability, transparency and ethics (FATE)

    - European commission's ethical guidelines for trustworthy AI

6. Application of ethical frameworks to AI systems & decision-making processes



Importance:



- There will be questions based on this lecture for your week 4 in-class learning check test.

- Use ethical philosophies to

    - Understand the roots of certain ethical frameworks/guidelines

    - Approach ethical dilemmas related to AI better



Material:



- [>>](https://digital-strategy.ec.europa.eu/en/library/ethics-guidelines-trustworthy-ai) European commission's ethical guidelines for trustworthy AI

- [>>](https://www.turing.ac.uk/sites/default/files/2019-06/understanding_artificial_intelligence_ethics_and_safety.pdf) Alan Turing Institute: A guide for the responsible design and implementation of AI systems in the public sector

    - Check page 3 (_What is AI ethics?_) & page 18 (_Outcome fairness_)

- [>>](https://blogs.microsoft.com/blog/2023/05/30/reflections-on-ai-and-the-future-of-human-flourishing/) Reflections on AI and the future of human flourishing



### Lecture 3

Topics:



1. Democracy & AI

2. Human rights & AI

3. CAIDP & the democratic value index report findings

    - CAIPD = Centre of AI Digital Policy

5. AI Index

    - This is an independent initiative at the Stanford Institute for Human-Centered AI (HAI)

6. Use of these guidelines to make ethical decisions related to AI



Importance:



- You need to be able to understand international ethical guidelines or a framework in relation to democracy and human rights

- Understand & dissect CAIPD's democratic value index

- Questions for week 4 test are directly from this lecture



Material:



- [>>](https://www.caidp.org/reports/aidv-2022/) "Artificial Intelligence and Democractic Values" by CAIPD 
 Parts to read:

    - Preface - PDF page 5/1266

    - Executive summary

        - Recommendations - Report page 5, PDF page 51/1266

    - The universal guidelines for AI (UGAI) - Report page 1154, PDF page 1200/1266

    - The metrics (there are 12 metrics) - Report page 1129, PDF page 1175/1266

    - Tiers (there are 5 tiers)

 

## Lecture 4

Topics:



1. Fundamentals of human rights & civic rights

2. Human rights and civic rights in the context of AI

3. Why human rights considerations are ignored in the AI life cycle

4. AI governance standards

5. CAHAI framework for AI governance 

6. Soft law approach in AI governance



Importancee

- Understanding of the role played by the Council of Europe in the area of AI safety. 
 _The Council of Europe has on many occasions demonstrated its ability to pioneer new standards, which have then become global benchmarks. Therefore as students in this module, you will learn about the CAI framework on the development, design, and application of artificial intelligence, based on the Council of Europe’s standards and that is conducive to innovation_

- To be able to use these international standards in your own work and in areas where critical ethical dialogue is needed

- There will be questions from this lecture for your week 8 in-class learning check test 



Material:



- [>>](https://rm.coe.int/cahai-2020-07-fin-en-report-ienca-vayena/16809eccac) Ad hoc committee on AI (CAHAI)

- [>>](https://rm.coe.int/cahai-2021-09rev-elements/1680a6d90d) Proposal for the elements of a legally binding framework



## Lecture 5



Material:



- [>>](https://rm.coe.int/unboxing-artificial-intelligence-10-steps-to-protect-human-rights-reco/1680946e64) "Unboxing AI: 10 steps to protect human rights" by the Council of Europe Commissioner for Human Rights



## Discussion questions

### Lecture 2

1. What are the key findings of the human flourishing article?

2. What key takeaways do you gain from the video from lecture 1 (interview with Geoffrey Hinton)?

3. What are the key objectives of the AI Summit?

4. What were the key aims of the open letter to pause AI development?

5. What is the difference between an ethical, legal and regulatory framework for AI?

6. What is the difference between data ethics and AI ethics?

7. What is meant by ethical theories?

8. What is meant by consequentialism in AI?

9. What is deontology in the context of AI?

10. Explain utilitarinamism in the context of AI

11. What is the alternative view of AI (purpose-focused) discussed in lecture 2?

12. Discuss the purpose of AI in the context of the 3 goals discussed in lecture 2

13. What does FATE stand for?

14. What are the European commission's ethical guidelines for trustworthy AI?

15. Reid Blackman puts forward 7 guidelines for building a sustainable AI & data ethics program. What are they?

16. What is the UK approach towards AI regulation?

17. What were the main outcomes of the AI summit?

18. What do you know about the organisation "AI for Good"?



### Lecture 3

1. Why will practitioners of AI with an understanding of the theoretical foundations of democracy and administrations find it easier to identify potential challenges and opportunities presented by AI?

2. What is CAIPD? And why are they significant?

3. What is the AI social contract index and what metrics does it consider when ranking countries in the index?

    - **NOTE**: This is the index in the report "Artificial Intelligence and Democractic Values" (2022) by CAIPD

4. The AI index 2020 had several objectives, what are they?

    - **NOTE**: This is the index by Stanford's HAI

6. CAIDP deferred to well-established legal frameworks and well-known international organizations when assessing the countries, what were they? In other words what criterion did it look at when evaluating the different countries?

7. What do you know about the Universal Declaration of Human Rights?

8. In the democratic value index (CAIDP) what does that mean for a country to be in tier 5?

9. What were the policy report recommendations of "Artificial Intelligence and Democratic Values" 2022?

10. What is the AI index report by HAI?

11. What were the top 10 takeaways in this AI index report by HAI 2023?

12. Based on your reading of "A guide for the responsible design and implementation of AI systems in the Public Sector" 
 Check page 3 (_What is AI ethics?_) & page 18 (_Outcome fairness_)

    1. What is AI Ethics?

    2. What are the potential harms caused by AI?

    3. What is meant by an ethical platform for the responsible delivery of an AI project?

    4. What is an ethical platform?