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https://github.com/riscv-rust/longan-nano

Board support package for the Longan Nano board
https://github.com/riscv-rust/longan-nano

Last synced: about 2 months ago
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Board support package for the Longan Nano board

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# `longan-nano`



> Board support crate for the Longan Nano board



## [Documentation](https://docs.rs/crate/longan-nano)



## Getting started



### Installing dependencies



- Rust 1.36 or a newer toolchain. e.g. `rustup default stable`



- `rust-std` components (pre-compiled `core` crate) for the RISC-V target. Run:



``` console

rustup target add riscv32imac-unknown-none-elf

```



- RISC-V toolchain ([e.g. from SiFive](https://static.dev.sifive.com/dev-tools/riscv64-unknown-elf-gcc-8.1.0-2019.01.0-x86_64-linux-ubuntu14.tar.gz))



One of:



- [dfu-util](http://dfu-util.sourceforge.net/)

- [openocd for GD32VF103](https://github.com/riscv-mcu/riscv-openocd)

- [RV-LINK](https://gitee.com/zoomdy/RV-LINK)

- [stm32flash](https://sourceforge.net/projects/stm32flash/)



When using `dfu-util`, the entire RISC-V toolchain is not necessary. Only `objcopy` from [riscv-binutils-gdb](https://github.com/sifive/riscv-binutils-gdb.git) is needed.



It can be compiled with the following commands:



```

git clone https://github.com/sifive/riscv-binutils-gdb.git

cd riscv-binutils-gdb

./configure --target=riscv64-unknown-elf --disable-werror --with-python=no --disable-gdb --disable-sim --disable-libdecnumber --disable-libreadline --with-expat=yes --with-mpc=no --with-mpfr=no --with-gmp=no

make

```



It will provide the `binutils/objcopy` tool needed to convert the compiled Rust binary into `firmware.bin` (note: this works on arm64 as well).



### Building 



If you have a GD32VF103C**B** chip on your board, edit `.cargo/config` and replace

`memory-c8.x` with `memory-cb.x`.



To build all the provided examples run 

```

cargo build --examples --release --all-features

```



### Using dfu-util for Flashing



The GD32VF103 contains a [DFU](https://www.usb.org/sites/default/files/DFU_1.1.pdf) 

compatible bootloader which allows to program the firmware of your longan-nano without 

additional hardware like a JTAG adapter; instead just using an ordenary USB-C cable. 

You can use [dfu-util](http://dfu-util.sourceforge.net/) or the vendor supplied tool to 

flash the firmware. 



Unfortunately, some versions of this chip shipped with a buggy bootloader and it won't report 

the correct parameters to flash it sucessfully. As of May 2020, the most recent version of 

[dfu-util](http://dfu-util.sourceforge.net/) from the git repository contains a workaround. 

Make sure you use an up-to-date version.

See [this issue](https://github.com/riscv-rust/longan-nano/issues/5) for details.



Steps to flash an example via DFU:



1) Extract the binary 



```sh

riscv-nuclei-elf-objcopy -O binary target/riscv32imac-unknown-none-elf/release/blinky firmware.bin

```



2) Flash using `dfu-util`:



Keep the BOOT0 button pressed while power-up or while pressing and releaseing the reset button. Then 

run 



```sh

dfu-util -a 0 -s 0x08000000:leave -D firmware.bin

```



Ensure that dfu-util uses a page size of 1024; either because your GD32VF103 has 

a bootloader without the the aforementioned bug, or because the output reads



```

[...]

Device returned transfer size 2048

DfuSe interface name: "Internal Flash  "

Found GD32VF103, which reports a bad page size and count for its internal memory.

Fixed layout based on part number: page size 1024, count 128.

Downloading to address = 0x08000000, size = 23784

[...]

```



### Using OpenOCD for Flashing and Debugging



Start openocd assuming you have Sipeed JTAG adapter:

```sh

/path/to/openocd -f sipeed-jtag.cfg -f openocd.cfg

```



Run one of the examples:

```sh

cargo run --example blinky

```

or

```sh

cargo run --release --example ferris --features lcd

```



### Using RV-LINK for Flashing and Debugging



[RV-LINK](https://gitee.com/zoomdy/RV-LINK) is a Chinese firmware, similar to

[Black Magic Probe (BMP)](https://github.com/blacksphere/blackmagic/wiki). It

supports the Longan Nano, allowing to use one Longan Nano board as a debug

probe for another one. It can be built & flashed via

[PlatformIO](https://platformio.org/). Check out the latest version to ensure

that the code compiles:



```

> git clone https://gitee.com/zoomdy/RV-LINK

> cd RV-LINK

> git tag 

v0.0.1

v0.1

v0.2 # <- seems to be the latest tag, so let's check this out

> git checkout tags/v0.2 

```



PlatformIO allows building & flashing of firmware with a single command. To do

so, the board needs to be in bootloader mode (DFU mode). The board boots to

bootloader mode if the bootloader button is pressed while powering it up (e.g.

by plugging it in). However, it is also possible to enter bootloader mode

without un- and replugging the board: press the boot button, press the reset

button, release the reset button and finally release the boot button while the

board is plugged in.



```

> pio run -t upload # put the board in bootloader mode before

```



Once RV-LINK is flashed to your probe, connect the eight debug pins on the

probe with the debug pins on the debug target. Ensure that you connect the pins

according to this table:



| Probe Pin | Target Pin |

| ---       | ---        |

| JTDO      | JTDO       |

| JTDI      | JTDI       |

| JTCK      | JTCK       |

| JTMS      | JTMS       |

| 3V3       | 3V3        |

| GND       | GND        |



After you connected the debug probe to your host, a new serial port shows up.

You can connect GDB to this serial port as an `extended-remote`. For

predictable behavior when multiple serial devices are present (and hence

`/dev/ttyACM0` is not necessarily the RV-LINK device),

[udev](https://www.freedesktop.org/wiki/Software/systemd/) offers id symlinks.

However you may also use `/dev/ttyACM0` or even `COMx` if you run Windows.



```

> gdb

(gdb) target extended-remote /dev/serial/by-id/usb-RV-LINK_Longan_Nano_GD32XXX-3.0.0-7z8x9yer-if00

```



To flash the firmware, execute `load` in GDB:



```

> gdb target/remote/debug/demo

(gdb) target extended-remote /dev/ttyACM0

(gdb) monitor reset halt

(gdb) load

(gdb) monitor reset

```



To improve your workflow, you can put the aforementioned GDB commands in

a `debug.gdb` file and add these lines to `.cargo/config`:



```

[target.riscv32imac-unknown-none-elf]

runner = 'gdb -command=debug.gdb'

```



This way `cargo run --target riscv32imac-unknown-none-elf` will automatically

launch GDB, flash your firmware on the target and provide you with a full debug

environment.



You can infer the current status of the board by observing the blinking pattern

of the green LED:



| Blink Behavior                             | Probe Status                                           |

| ---                                        | ---                                                    |

| Short pulse, on for 100ms, off for 900ms   | GDB is not connected                                   |

| Slow flashing, on for 500ms, off for 500ms | GDB is connected and the debugged MCU is in halt state |

| Fast blinking, on for 100ms, off for 100ms | GDB is connected, and the debugged MCU is running      |

| Long pulse, on for 900ms, off for 100ms    | RV-LINK has failed. Retry after resetting RV-LINK      |



## Using serial for Flashing



Using a TTL-to-USB adapter, one can flash the firmware to the device over a serial connection:



```

$ stm32flash -g 0x08000000 -b 115200 -w firmware.bin /dev/ttyUSB0

```



which sets the base address (`-g 0x08000000`) for the firmware to the start of main flash.



The baud rate (`-b 115200`), firmware image (`-w firmware.bin`), and serial port (`/dev/ttyUSB0`) are set next.



The serial port may vary machine to machine, so select the port that makes sense.



Make sure the device is writeable by the current user, or run `stm32flash` as root.



## License



Copyright 2019-2020 [RISC-V team][team]



Permission to use, copy, modify, and/or distribute this software for any purpose

with or without fee is hereby granted, provided that the above copyright notice

and this permission notice appear in all copies.



THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS" AND THE AUTHOR DISCLAIMS ALL WARRANTIES WITH

REGARD TO THIS SOFTWARE INCLUDING ALL IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND

FITNESS. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHOR BE LIABLE FOR ANY SPECIAL, DIRECT,

INDIRECT, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES OR ANY DAMAGES WHATSOEVER RESULTING FROM LOSS

OF USE, DATA OR PROFITS, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, NEGLIGENCE OR OTHER

TORTIOUS ACTION, ARISING OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE USE OR PERFORMANCE OF

THIS SOFTWARE.



## Code of Conduct



Contribution to this crate is organized under the terms of the [Rust Code of

Conduct][CoC], the maintainer of this crate, the [RISC-V team][team], promises

to intervene to uphold that code of conduct.



[CoC]: CODE_OF_CONDUCT.md

[team]: https://github.com/rust-embedded/wg#the-risc-v-team