https://github.com/shakilgithub20/git-commands-guide

Last synced: 3 months ago
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Host: GitHub
URL: https://github.com/shakilgithub20/git-commands-guide
Owner: Shakilgithub20
Created: 2021-06-22T06:55:44.000Z (almost 4 years ago)
Default Branch: main
Last Pushed: 2024-01-08T18:12:19.000Z (over 1 year ago)
Last Synced: 2025-01-10T10:29:59.337Z (4 months ago)
Size: 104 KB
Stars: 2
Watchers: 1
Forks: 0
Open Issues: 0
Metadata Files:
- Readme: README.md

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## Git-Hub:
Git is the free and open source distributed version control system that's responsible for everything GitHub
related that happens locally on your computer. This cheat sheet features the most important and commonly
used Git commands for easy reference.

## Advantages:
- ✔️ Better teamwork
- ✔️ Control of changes in the project
- ✔️ Audit and reliability
- ✔️ Return to previous versions
- ✔️ Local & Remotes Repositories
- ▪️▪️▪️ And much more

### INSTALLATION & GUIS:
With platform specific installers for Git, GitHub also provides the
ease of staying up-to-date with the latest releases of the command
line tool while providing a graphical user interface for day-to-day
interaction, review, and repository synchronization.
### GitHub for Windows:
```
htps://windows.github.com
```
### GitHub for Mac:
```
htps://mac.github.com
```
For Linux and Solaris platforms, the latest release is available on
the official Git web site.
### Git for All Platforms:
```
htp://git-scm.com
```
## Commands 🚀
___

### GIT Version: 🕵

```
git --version
```

### Configure tooling 🌍 :

Configuring user information used across all local repositories

```
git config --global user.name “[firstname lastname]”
```
set a name that is identifiable for credit when review version history
```
git config --global user.email “[valid-email]”
```
set an email address that will be associated with each history marker
```
git config --global color.ui auto
```
set automatic command line coloring for Git for easy reviewing

### Configure & INIT :
Configuring user information, initializing and cloning repositories
```
git init
```
initialize an existing directory as a Git repository
```
git clone [url]
```
retrieve an entire repository from a hosted location via URL

### Create a Repository 👊
```
# navigated into your folder you want to put on Github
$ touch README.md # create a file called README.md where you can put instructions/info about your folder like what you are reading right now!
$ git init # initialize your git repository locally
$ git add . # adds everything changed from local to staging
$ git commit -m "first commit" # commits everything in staging to be ready to be pushed to Github
$ git remote add origin https://github.com/.....
$ git push -u origin master # the "-u" is so that the next time your push you don't need to type "origin master"
# put in username & password
```

### When adding on to your repository online with changes
```
$ git add .
$ git add -u # when you have deleted a local file you want to remove from your repository
$ git commit -m 'what has changed'
$ git push
# put in username & password
```

### No more username & password input for every push
```
# Note that you must first generate a SSH key on your local computer and add it to your
# Github account before using the following command. Follow the directions here:
# https://help.github.com/articles/generating-ssh-keys
$ git remote set-url origin [email protected]:yourUsername/yourReponame.git
```
### Working together from perspective of person that doesn't have the main repo
```
# fork repo you want to work on
$ git clone https://github.com/yourUsername/yourReponame.git
# add changes to your forked repo
# make a pull request!
$ git pull # use this after someone else has made a change to the online repo
# your working on and you want to make your local repo up to date
```

### Want to remove a file frome online github repo but keep it locally
```
$ git rm --cached localFileName
# add localFileName to .gitignore file
# then commit these changes
# push these changes to your repo!
```

### Commands for fixing problems
```
# undo multiple commits
$ git reset --hard commitSHA###... # changes staging index and
# local folder to match online
# repository commit

# removing 3 commits from online github repo
$ git push -f origin HEAD^^^:branchNameToUndoLast3Pushs
```
### Help Command 🙏

```
git help
```

### Get help from a specific command 👏


git help commit

- Pull submodules
1. `git submodule sync`
2. `git submodule init`
3. `git submodule update`
- Change branch
1. `cd /submodule`
2. `git fetch origin `
3. `git checkout `
4. `cd /`

### Commit:

Add & commit
```
git commit -am 'commit message'
```
Commit empty change
```
git commit --allow-empty -m k3;
```
Take a commit change of another branch
```
git cherry-pick
```
Add any file
```
git add task2.txt
```
Merge current change to previous commit and will also change the commit hash
```
git commit --amend -m 'new message'
```
### Merge
Merge remote 'branch-1' with current branch
```
git merge origin
```
```
git mergetool
```
```
git merge --squash
```

### IGNORING PATTERNS
Preventing unintentional staging or commiting of files
```
logs/
*.notes
pattern*/
```
Save a file with desired paterns as .gitignore with either direct string
matches or wildcard globs.
```
git config --global core.excludesfile [file]
```
system wide ignore patern for all local repositories

### REWRITE HISTORY
Rewriting branches, updating commits and clearing history
```
git rebase [branch]
```
apply any commits of current branch ahead of specified one
```
git reset --hard [commit]
```
clear staging area, rewrite working tree from specified commit

### TEMPORARY COMMITS
Temporarily store modified, tracked files in order to change branches
```
git stash
```
Save modified and staged changes
```
git stash list
```
list stack-order of stashed file changes
```
git stash pop
```
write working from top of stash stack
```
git stash drop
```
discard the changes from top of stash stack

### SHARE & UPDATE
Retrieving updates from another repository and updating local repos
```
git remote add [alias] [url]
```
add a git URL as an alias
```
git fetch [alias]
```
fetch down all the branches from that Git remote
```
git merge [alias]/[branch]
```
merge a remote branch into your current branch to bring it up to date
```
git push [alias] [branch]
```
Transmit local branch commits to the remote repository branch
```
git pull
```

### TRACKING PATH CHANGES
Versioning file removes and path changes
```
git rm [file]
```
delete the file from project and stage the removal for commit
```
git mv [existing-path] [new-path]
```
change an existing file path and stage the move
```
git log --stat -M
```
show all commit logs with indication of any paths that moved
fetch and merge any commits from the tracking remote branch

### STAGE & SNAPSHOT
Working with snapshots and the Git staging area
```
git status
```
show modified files in working directory, staged for your next commit
```
git add [file]
```
add a file as it looks now to your next commit (stage)
```
git reset [file]
```
unstage a file while retaining the changes in working directory
```
git diff
```
diff of what is changed but not staged
```
git diff --staged
```
diff of what is staged but not yet commited
```
git commit -m “[descriptive message]”
```
commit your staged content as a new commit snapshot

### Some more good resources to Learn Git faster ☺️
Github:
```
bit.ly/shakil0090
```
Git Official Documentation:
```
git-scm.com/doc
```
GitHub Learning Lab:
```
https://lnkd.in/dfQY6Jtp
```
Codecademy Course
```
https://lnkd.in/dwG5_C6q
```
Pro Git: by Scott Chacon [Book]
```
git-scm.com/book/en/v2
```
YouTube
```
FreeCodeCampOrg- beginer : rb.gy/ljxt5s
```

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https://github.com/shakilgithub20/git-commands-guide

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