https://github.com/stowyh/nextcloud-setup
Build your own self-hosted cloud storage with Nextcloud, with enhanced privacy and security for file management
https://github.com/stowyh/nextcloud-setup
apache apache2 debian-linux debian-server mariadb nextcloud nextcloud-installation nextcloud-server php php8 privacy security ubuntu-server
Last synced: 16 days ago
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Build your own self-hosted cloud storage with Nextcloud, with enhanced privacy and security for file management
- Host: GitHub
- URL: https://github.com/stowyh/nextcloud-setup
- Owner: stowyh
- License: mit
- Created: 2024-01-14T21:27:04.000Z (over 2 years ago)
- Default Branch: main
- Last Pushed: 2025-02-28T02:06:38.000Z (about 1 year ago)
- Last Synced: 2025-08-20T10:43:45.240Z (8 months ago)
- Topics: apache, apache2, debian-linux, debian-server, mariadb, nextcloud, nextcloud-installation, nextcloud-server, php, php8, privacy, security, ubuntu-server
- Homepage:
- Size: 730 KB
- Stars: 1
- Watchers: 1
- Forks: 0
- Open Issues: 0
-
Metadata Files:
- Readme: README.md
- License: LICENSE
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README
# Create Your Own Self-Hosted Cloud Storage
## Benefits
- Enhanced privacy and security
- Cost-effective
- Scalable
- Greater control and customization
## Prerequisites
- A computer running Ubuntu or any Debian-based distribution.
- Verify if your ISP allows port forwarding [Optional]
- Own a domain [Optional]
## Initial Server Setup
### Update Your Linux Distribution
```bash
sudo apt update
sudo apt full-upgrade
sudo apt autoremove
```
### Install Necessary Packages
```bash
sudo apt install apache2 libapache2-mod-php neovim wget mariadb-server php php-apcu php-bcmath php-bz2 php-cli php-common php-curl php-gd php-gmp php-imagick php-intl php-mbstring php-mysql php-zip php-xml unzip nmap ffmpeg
```
### Update Your Hostname (Optional)
- Modify the file to assign an appropriate hostname or domain name to your server.
```bash
sudo nvim /etc/hostname
```
```bash
sudo nvim /etc/hosts
```
- Restart your server to apply the changes.
```bash
sudo reboot
```
## Downloading Nextcloud
- Download the Nextcloud ZIP file.
```bash
wget https://download.nextcloud.com/server/releases/latest.zip
```
## MariaDB Setup
- Check the status of the `mariadb` service.
```bash
systemctl status mariadb
```
- Run the secure installation script.
```bash
sudo mysql_secure_installation
```
- Follow the prompts with the provided inputs:
```
Password prompt --> Press Enter
Switch to unix_socket_auth [Y/n] --> n
Change the root password [Y/n] --> Y
Enter your secure password:
Remove anonymous users [Y/n] --> Y
Disallow root login remotely [Y/n] --> Y
Remove test database and access to it [Y/n] --> Y
Reload privilege tables now [Y/n] --> Y
```
## Setting Up the Nextcloud Database
- Access MariaDB.
```bash
sudo mariadb
```
- Create the database.
```sql
CREATE DATABASE nextcloud;
```
- Set up permissions.
```sql
GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON nextcloud.* TO 'nextcloud'@'localhost' IDENTIFIED BY 'mypassword';
FLUSH PRIVILEGES;
```
- Exit by pressing `CTRL+D`.
## Deploy Nextcloud Files
- Enable the necessary PHP extensions.
```bash
sudo phpenmod bcmath bz2 gmp imagick intl
```
- Unzip the Nextcloud file.
```bash
unzip latest.zip
```
- Move the files to the serving location and set the appropriate permissions.
```bash
mv nextcloud your.domain.name
sudo chown -R www-data:www-data your.domain.name
sudo mv your.domain.name /var/www
```
- Disable the default Apache site.
```bash
sudo a2dissite 000-default.conf
```
## Configure Nextcloud Host
- Create an Apache config file for serving Nextcloud.
```bash
sudo nvim /etc/apache2/sites-available/your.domain.name.conf
```
- Insert the following content into the file, modifying `your.domain.name` as needed:
```bash
DocumentRoot "/var/www/your.domain.name"
ServerName your.domain.name
Options MultiViews FollowSymlinks
AllowOverride All
Order allow,deny
Allow from all
TransferLog /var/log/apache2/your.domain.name_access.log
ErrorLog /var/log/apache2/your.domain.name_error.log
```
- Enable the site.
```bash
sudo a2ensite your.domain.name.conf
```
## PHP Configuration
- Edit the PHP configuration file (replace 8.3 with your PHP version if different).
```bash
sudo nano /etc/php/8.3/apache2/php.ini
```
- Locate and modify the following parameters:
```php
memory_limit = 3G # Increase if you have more RAM
upload_max_filesize = 50G # Adjust based on your needs
max_execution_time = 3600
post_max_size = 50G # Adjust based on your needs
date.timezone = Europe/London # Adjust your timezone
opcache.enable=1
opcache.interned_strings_buffer=128
opcache.max_accelerated_files=10000
opcache.memory_consumption=128
opcache.save_comments=1
opcache.revalidate_freq=1
```
[Timezones](https://www.php.net/manual/en/timezones.php)
- Enable PHP modules for Apache.
```bash
sudo a2enmod dir env headers mime rewrite ssl
```
- Restart Apache.
```bash
sudo systemctl restart apache2
```
## Network Configuration
To access Nextcloud securely, you should configure your network and domain before completing the installation.
### Port Forwarding (For Home Servers)
- Enable port forwarding on your router for ports 80 (HTTP) and 443 (HTTPS) to your server's IP address.
- Example configuration for a Movistar router:
1. Find your private IP using:
```bash
ifconfig -a
```
2. Configure port forwarding in your router settings.
3. Verify ports are open:
```bash
sudo nmap -n -PN -sT -sU -p80,443 {IP}
```
### Configure Your Domain (Optional but Recommended)
- Purchase or obtain a domain from providers like Namecheap, Cloudflare, etc.
- In your DNS settings, create an `A` record pointing to your public IP.
## TLS Certificate (HTTPS)
- Secure your installation with a free certificate from Let's Encrypt.
- Install `snapd` and `certbot`:
```bash
sudo apt install snapd
sudo snap install core && sudo snap refresh core
sudo snap install --classic certbot
sudo ln -s /snap/bin/certbot /usr/bin/certbot
```
- Obtain and install your certificates:
```bash
sudo certbot --apache
```
## Set Up Nextcloud Web Server
- Access your Nextcloud instance via your domain (e.g., `https://your.domain.name`).
- Upon first access, you will see a setup page.
- Enter the following information:
```txt
Username --> Your desired username
Password --> Set a secure password
Data Folder --> Leave as default
Database user --> nextcloud
Database password --> Your database password
Database name --> nextcloud
```
- Install the recommended apps.
## Post-Installation Optimization
### Background Jobs
- Set up a cron job for the `www-data` user to execute background tasks.
```bash
sudo crontab -u www-data -e
```
- Add the following line to the file:
```cron
*/5 * * * * php -f /var/www/your.domain.name/cron.php
```
### Memory Caching
- Enable APCu for local caching by editing the config file.
```bash
sudo nvim /var/www/your.domain.name/config/config.php
```
- Add the following line to the configuration array:
```php
'memcache.local' => '\OC\Memcache\APCu',
```
### Trusted Domains (If Needed)
- If you change your domain or IP later, edit `config.php`:
```bash
sudo nvim /var/www/your.domain.name/config/config.php
```
- Add your new domain or IP to the `trusted_domains` array.
## Troubleshooting
- Search online forums for solutions.
## Resources
- [Nextcloud Documentation](https://docs.nextcloud.com/)
- [Nextcloud Community](https://help.nextcloud.com/)
**Please submit a pull request for any errors or suggestions.**