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https://github.com/suprovsky/docker-nextcloud
All-in-one Nextcloud Docker image, based on Alpine Linux. Aims at being simple and hardened.
https://github.com/suprovsky/docker-nextcloud
alpine docker nextcloud security
Last synced: 3 days ago
JSON representation
All-in-one Nextcloud Docker image, based on Alpine Linux. Aims at being simple and hardened.
- Host: GitHub
- URL: https://github.com/suprovsky/docker-nextcloud
- Owner: suprovsky
- Created: 2023-04-20T10:36:22.000Z (over 1 year ago)
- Default Branch: main
- Last Pushed: 2024-12-06T07:12:51.000Z (18 days ago)
- Last Synced: 2024-12-06T07:31:16.811Z (18 days ago)
- Topics: alpine, docker, nextcloud, security
- Language: Dockerfile
- Homepage:
- Size: 356 KB
- Stars: 0
- Watchers: 1
- Forks: 0
- Open Issues: 2
-
Metadata Files:
- Readme: README.md
- Security: SECURITY.md
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README
# suprovsky/nextcloud
## About
This non-official image is intended as an **all-in-one** (as in monolithic) Nextcloud **production** image based on [wonderfall/docker-nextcloud](https://github.com/wonderfall/docker-nextcloud) with an inclusion of imagick plugin.
___
- [suprovsky/nextcloud](#suprovskynextcloud)
- [About](#about)
- [Features](#features)
- [Security](#security)
- [Tags](#tags)
- [Build-time variables](#build-time-variables)
- [Environment variables](#environment-variables)
- [Runtime](#runtime)
- [Startup](#startup)
- [Volumes](#volumes)
- [Ports](#ports)
- [Migration](#migration)
- [Usage](#usage)
## Features
- Based on [Alpine Linux](https://alpinelinux.org/).
- Fetching PHP/nginx from their official images.
- **Rootless**: no privilege at any time, even at startup.
- Uses [s6](https://skarnet.org/software/s6/) as a lightweight process supervisor.
- Supports MySQL/MariaDB, PostgresQL and SQLite3 database backends.
- Includes OPcache and APCu for improved caching & performance, also supports redis.
- Tarball integrity & authenticity checked during build process.
- Includes **hardened_malloc**, [a hardened memory allocator](https://github.com/GrapheneOS/hardened_malloc).
- Includes **Snuffleupagus**, [a PHP security module](https://github.com/jvoisin/snuffleupagus).
- Includes a simple **built-in cron** system.
- Much easier to maintain thanks to multi-stages build.
- Includes imagick by default.
You're free to make your own image based on this one if you want a specific feature. Uncommon features won't be included as they can increase attack surface: this image intends to stay **minimal**, but **functional enough** to cover basic needs.
## Security
Don't run random images from random dudes on the Internet. Ideally, you want to maintain and build it yourself.
- **Images are scanned every day** by [Trivy](https://github.com/aquasecurity/trivy) for OS vulnerabilities. Known vulnerabilities will be automatically uploaded to [GitHub Security Lab](https://github.com/suprovsky/docker-nextcloud/security/code-scanning) for full transparency. This also warns me if I have to take action to fix a vulnerability.
- **Latest tag/version is automatically built weekly**, so you should often update your images regardless if you're already using the latest Nextcloud version.
- **Build production images without cache** (use `docker build --no-cache` for instance) if you want to build your images manually. Latest dependencies will hence be used instead of outdated ones due to a cached layer.
- **A security module for PHP called [Snuffleupagus](https://github.com/jvoisin/snuffleupagus) is used by default**. This module aims at killing entire bug and security exploit classes (including XXE, weak PRNG, file-upload based code execution), thus raising the cost of attacks. For now we're using a configuration file derived from [the default one](https://github.com/jvoisin/snuffleupagus/blob/master/config/default_php8.rules), with some explicit exceptions related to Nextcloud. This configuration file is tested and shouldn't break basic functionality, but it can cause issues in specific and untested use cases: if that happens to you, get logs from either `syslog` or `/nginx/logs/error.log` inside the container, and [open an issue](https://github.com/suprovsky/docker-nextcloud/issues). You can also disable the security module altogether by changing the `PHP_HARDENING` environment variable to `false` before recreating the container.
- **Images are signed with the GitHub-provided OIDC token in Actions** using the experimental "keyless" signing feature provided by [cosign](https://github.com/sigstore/cosign). You can verify the image signature using `cosign` as well:
```env
COSIGN_EXPERIMENTAL=true cosign verify ghcr.io/suprovsky/nextcloud
```
Verifying the signature isn't a requirement, and might not be as seamless as using *Docker Content Trust* (which is not supported by GitHub's OCI registry). However, it's strongly recommended to do so in a sensitive environment to ensure the authenticity of the images and further limit the risk of supply chain attacks.
## Tags
- `latest` : latest Nextcloud version
- `x` : latest Nextcloud x.x (e.g. `30`)
- `x.x.x` : Nextcloud x.x.x (e.g. `30.0.0`)
You can always have a glance [here](https://github.com/users/suprovsky/packages/container/package/nextcloud).
Only the **latest stable version** will be maintained by myself.
*Note: automated builds only target `linux/amd64` (x86_64). There is no technical reason preventing the image to be built for `arm64` (in fact you can build it yourself), but GitHub Actions runners are limited in memory, and this limit makes it currently impossible to target both platforms.*
## Build-time variables
| Variable | Description | Default |
| --------------------------- | -------------------------------------- | ------------------ |
| **NEXTCLOUD_VERSION** | version of Nextcloud | * |
| **ALPINE_VERSION** | version of Alpine Linux | * |
| **PHP_VERSION** | version of PHP | * |
| **NGINX_VERSION** | version of nginx | * |
| **HARDENED_MALLOC_VERSION** | version of hardened_malloc | * |
| **SNUFFLEUPAGUS_VERSION** | version of Snuffleupagus (php ext) | * |
| **SHA256_SUM** | checksum of Nextcloud tarball (sha256) | * |
| **GPG_FINGERPRINT** | fingerprint of Nextcloud GPG key | * |
| **UID** | user id | 1000 |
| **GID** | group id | 1000 |
| **CONFIG_NATIVE** | native code for hardened_malloc | false |
| **VARIANT** | variant of hardened_malloc (see repo) | light |
(latest known available, likely to change regularly)
For convenience they were put at [the very top of the Dockerfile](https://github.com/suprovsky/docker-nextcloud/blob/main/Dockerfile#L1-L13) and their usage should be quite explicit if you intend to build this image yourself. If you intend to change `NEXTCLOUD_VERSION`, change `SHA256_SUM` accordingly.
## Environment variables
### Runtime
| Variable | Description | Default |
| ------------------------- | --------------------------- | ------------------ |
| **UPLOAD_MAX_SIZE** | file upload maximum size | 10G |
| **APC_SHM_SIZE** | apc shared memory size | 128M |
| **OPCACHE_MEM_SIZE** | opcache available memory | 128M |
| **MEMORY_LIMIT** | max php command mem usage | 512M |
| **CRON_PERIOD** | cron time interval (min.) | 5m |
| **CRON_MEMORY_LIMIT** | cron max memory usage | 1G |
| **DB_TYPE** | sqlite3, mysql, pgsql | sqlite3 |
| **DOMAIN** | host domain | localhost |
| **PHP_HARDENING** | enables snuffleupagus | true |
Leave them at default if you're not sure what you're doing.
### Startup
| Variable | Description |
| ------------------------- | --------------------------- |
| **ADMIN_USER** | admin username |
| **ADMIN_PASSWORD** | admin password |
| **DB_TYPE** | sqlite3, mysql, pgsql |
| **DB_NAME** | name of the database |
| **DB_USER** | name of the database user |
| **DB_PASSWORD** | password of the db user |
| **DB_HOST** | database host |
`ADMIN_USER` and `ADMIN_PASSWORD` are optional and mainly for niche purposes. Obviously, avoid clear text passwords. Once `setup.sh` has run for the first time, these variables can be removed. You should then edit `/nextcloud/config/config.php` directly if you want to change something in your configuration.
The usage of [Docker secrets](https://docs.docker.com/engine/swarm/secrets/) will be considered in the future, but `config.php` already covers quite a lot.
## Volumes
| Variable | Description |
| ------------------------- | -------------------------- |
| **/data** | data files |
| **/nextcloud/config** | config files |
| **/nextcloud/apps2** | 3rd-party apps |
| **/nextcloud/themes** | custom themes |
| **/php/session** | PHP session files |
*Note: mounting `/php/session` isn't required but could be desirable in some circumstances.*
## Ports
| Port | Use |
| ------------------------- | -------------------------- |
| **8888** (tcp) | Nextcloud web |
A reverse proxy like [Traefik](https://doc.traefik.io/traefik/) or [Caddy](https://caddyserver.com/) can be used, and you should consider:
- Redirecting all HTTP traffic to HTTPS
- Setting the [HSTS header](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/HTTP/Headers/Strict-Transport-Security) correctly
## Migration
From now on you'll need to make sure all volumes have proper permissions. The default UID/GID is now 1000, so you'll need to build the image yourself if you want to change that, or you can just change the actual permissions of the volumes using `chown -R 1000:1000`. The flexibility provided by the legacy image came at some cost (performance & security), therefore this feature won't be provided anymore.
Other changes that should be reflected in your configuration files:
- `/config` volume is now `/nextcloud/config`
- `/apps2` volume is now `/nextcloud/apps2`
- `ghcr.io/suprovsky/nextcloud` is the new image location
You should edit your `docker-compose.yml` and `config.php` accordingly.
## Usage
Example `docker-compose.yml`:
```docker
services:
nextcloud:
depends_on:
nextcloud-db:
condition: service_healthy
redis:
condition: service_healthy
image: ghcr.io/suprovsky/nextcloud:latest
restart: always
ports:
- '8888:8888'
volumes:
- 'nextcloud-themes:/nextcloud/themes'
- 'nextcloud-apps:/nextcloud/apps2'
- 'nextcloud-config:/nextcloud/config'
- 'nextcloud-data:/data'
- './logs:/logs'
environment:
- UPLOAD_MAX_SIZE=${UPLOAD_MAX_SIZE}
- APC_SHM_SIZE=${APC_SHM_SIZE}
- MEMORY_LIMIT=${MEMORY_LIMIT}
- CRON_PERIOD=${CRON_PERIOD}
- CRON_MEMORY_LIMIT=${CRON_MEMORY_LIMIT}
- DB_NAME=${DB_NAME}
- DB_TYPE=${DB_TYPE}
- DB_USER=${DB_USER}
- DB_PASSWORD=${DB_PASSWORD}
- DOMAIN=${DOMAIN}
- PHP_HARDENING=${PHP_HARDENING}
env_file: './.env'
healthcheck:
test: curl -sSf 'http://localhost:8888/status.php' | grep '"installed":true' | grep '"maintenance":false' | grep '"needsDbUpgrade":false' || exit 1
interval: 10s
timeout: 5s
retries: 10
#command: sleep infinity
db:
image: bitnami/mariadb:10.11
restart: always
volumes:
- 'nextcloud-db:/bitnami/mariadb'
- './custom.cnf:/opt/bitnami/mariadb/conf/my_custom.cnf:ro'
environment:
- MARIADB_DATABASE=${DB_NAME}
- MARIADB_PASSWORD=${DB_PASSWORD}
- MARIADB_ROOT_PASSWORD=${MARIADB_ROOT_PASSWORD}
- MARIADB_USER=${DB_USER}
env_file: './.env'
healthcheck:
test: ['CMD', '/opt/bitnami/scripts/mariadb/healthcheck.sh']
interval: 15s
timeout: 5s
retries: 6
redis:
image: bitnami/redis:7.2
restart: always
environment:
- REDISCLI_AUTH=${REDIS_PASSWORD}
env_file:
- ./.env
networks:
- nextcloud-net
volumes:
- nextcloud-redis:/bitnami/redis/data:rw
- /etc/localtime:/etc/localtime:ro
- ./redis.conf:/opt/bitnami/redis/etc/redis.conf
healthcheck:
test: redis-cli ping | grep PONG
interval: 10s
timeout: 2s
retries: 10
volumes:
nextcloud-themes:
nextcloud-apps:
nextcloud-config:
nextcloud-data:
nextcloud-db:
nextcloud-redis:
```
Example `.env` file:
```env
ADMIN_USER=supersecretadminuser
ADMIN_PASSWORD=DXDXDXDXDXDXDXDXDXDXDXDXDXDXDXDXD
DB_TYPE=mysql
DB_NAME=nextcloud
DB_USER=nextclouduser
DB_PASSWORD=DXDXDXDXDXDXDXDXDXDXDXDXDXDXDXDXD
DB_HOST=nextcloud-db
UPLOAD_MAX_SIZE=50G
APC_SHM_SIZE=2G
MEMORY_LIMIT=2G
CRON_PERIOD=5m
CRON_MEMORY_LIMIT=1G
DOMAIN=nextcloud.example.com
MARIADB_ROOT_PASSWORD=DXDXDXDXDXDXDXDXDXDXDXDXDXDXDXDXD
PHP_HARDENING=true
REDIS_PASSWORD=XDXDXDXDXDXDXDXDXDXDXDXDXDXDXDXD
```
You must use some reverse proxy in front of the container. I like [Nginx](https://www.nginx.com/), so you can find an example config making use of [Let's Encrypt](https://letsencrypt.org/) certificates below.
With this setup I got 120/100 on [Mozilla Observatory](https://observatory.mozilla.org/), A+ on [Nextcloud Security Scan](https://scan.nextcloud.com/) and A+ on [SSL Labs](https://www.ssllabs.com/).
```nginx
server {
listen [::]:443 ssl; # managed by Certbot
listen 443 ssl; # managed by Certbot
ssl_certificate /etc/letsencrypt/live/nextcloud.example.com/fullchain.pem; # managed by Certbot
ssl_certificate_key /etc/letsencrypt/live/nextcloud.example.com/privkey.pem; # managed by Certbot
ssl_dhparam /etc/letsencrypt/ssl-dhparams.pem; # managed by Certbot
server_name nextcloud.example.com;
access_log /var/log/nginx/nextcloud.example.com-access.log;
error_log /var/log/nginx/nextcloud.example.com-error.log;
ssl_session_cache shared:ssl_session_cache:10m;
location / {
proxy_pass http://127.0.0.1:8888$request_uri;
proxy_hide_header X-Content-Type-Options;
proxy_hide_header X-XSS-Protection;
proxy_hide_header X-Robots-Tag;
add_header X-Content-Type-Options "nosniff" always;
add_header X-Robots-Tag "noindex, nofollow" always;
add_header X-XSS-Protection "1; mode=block" always;
add_header Strict-Transport-Security "max-age=31536000; includeSubDomains; preload";
proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-For $proxy_add_x_forwarded_for;
proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-Port $server_port;
proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-Scheme $scheme;
proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-Proto $scheme;
proxy_set_header X-Real-IP $remote_addr;
proxy_set_header Accept-Encoding "";
proxy_set_header Host $host;
proxy_buffering off;
client_body_buffer_size 512k;
proxy_read_timeout 86400s;
client_max_body_size 0;
proxy_http_version 1.1;
proxy_set_header Upgrade $http_upgrade;
proxy_set_header Connection "upgrade";
}
location /.well-known/carddav {
return 301 $scheme://$host/remote.php/dav;
}
location /.well-known/caldav {
return 301 $scheme://$host/remote.php/dav;
}
}
server {
listen 80;
listen [::]:80;
server_name nextcloud.example.com;
return 302 https://nextcloud.example.com$request_uri;
}
```