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:owl: Custom jest matchers to test the state of the DOM
https://github.com/testing-library/jest-dom
custom-matcher dom dom-testing-library javascript jest jest-matchers jsdom react-testing-library testing testing-library testing-library-react
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JSON representation
:owl: Custom jest matchers to test the state of the DOM
- Host: GitHub
- URL: https://github.com/testing-library/jest-dom
- Owner: testing-library
- License: mit
- Created: 2018-04-09T13:45:07.000Z (over 6 years ago)
- Default Branch: main
- Last Pushed: 2024-04-01T12:23:39.000Z (5 months ago)
- Last Synced: 2024-04-12T17:14:42.385Z (5 months ago)
- Topics: custom-matcher, dom, dom-testing-library, javascript, jest, jest-matchers, jsdom, react-testing-library, testing, testing-library, testing-library-react
- Language: JavaScript
- Homepage: https://testing-library.com/docs/ecosystem-jest-dom
- Size: 448 KB
- Stars: 4,280
- Watchers: 31
- Forks: 370
- Open Issues: 113
-
Metadata Files:
- Readme: README.md
- Changelog: CHANGELOG.md
- Contributing: CONTRIBUTING.md
- License: LICENSE
Awesome Lists containing this project
- awesome-jest - @testing-library/jest-dom
README
jest-dom
Custom jest matchers to test the state of the DOM
---
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## The problem
You want to use [jest][] to write tests that assert various things about the
state of a DOM. As part of that goal, you want to avoid all the repetitive
patterns that arise in doing so. Checking for an element's attributes, its text
content, its css classes, you name it.
## This solution
The `@testing-library/jest-dom` library provides a set of custom jest matchers
that you can use to extend jest. These will make your tests more declarative,
clear to read and to maintain.
## Table of Contents
- [Installation](#installation)
- [Usage](#usage)
- [With `@jest/globals`](#with-jestglobals)
- [With Vitest](#with-vitest)
- [With TypeScript](#with-typescript)
- [With another Jest-compatible `expect`](#with-another-jest-compatible-expect)
- [Custom matchers](#custom-matchers)
- [`toBeDisabled`](#tobedisabled)
- [`toBeEnabled`](#tobeenabled)
- [`toBeEmptyDOMElement`](#tobeemptydomelement)
- [`toBeInTheDocument`](#tobeinthedocument)
- [`toBeInvalid`](#tobeinvalid)
- [`toBeRequired`](#toberequired)
- [`toBeValid`](#tobevalid)
- [`toBeVisible`](#tobevisible)
- [`toContainElement`](#tocontainelement)
- [`toContainHTML`](#tocontainhtml)
- [`toHaveAccessibleDescription`](#tohaveaccessibledescription)
- [`toHaveAccessibleErrorMessage`](#tohaveaccessibleerrormessage)
- [`toHaveAccessibleName`](#tohaveaccessiblename)
- [`toHaveAttribute`](#tohaveattribute)
- [`toHaveClass`](#tohaveclass)
- [`toHaveFocus`](#tohavefocus)
- [`toHaveFormValues`](#tohaveformvalues)
- [`toHaveStyle`](#tohavestyle)
- [`toHaveTextContent`](#tohavetextcontent)
- [`toHaveValue`](#tohavevalue)
- [`toHaveDisplayValue`](#tohavedisplayvalue)
- [`toBeChecked`](#tobechecked)
- [`toBePartiallyChecked`](#tobepartiallychecked)
- [`toHaveRole`](#tohaverole)
- [`toHaveErrorMessage`](#tohaveerrormessage)
- [Deprecated matchers](#deprecated-matchers)
- [`toBeEmpty`](#tobeempty)
- [`toBeInTheDOM`](#tobeinthedom)
- [`toHaveDescription`](#tohavedescription)
- [Inspiration](#inspiration)
- [Other Solutions](#other-solutions)
- [Guiding Principles](#guiding-principles)
- [Contributors](#contributors)
- [LICENSE](#license)
## Installation
This module is distributed via [npm][npm] which is bundled with [node][node] and
should be installed as one of your project's `devDependencies`:
```
npm install --save-dev @testing-library/jest-dom
```
or
for installation with [yarn](https://yarnpkg.com/) package manager.
```
yarn add --dev @testing-library/jest-dom
```
> Note: We also recommend installing the jest-dom eslint plugin which provides
> auto-fixable lint rules that prevent false positive tests and improve test
> readability by ensuring you are using the right matchers in your tests. More
> details can be found at
> [eslint-plugin-jest-dom](https://github.com/testing-library/eslint-plugin-jest-dom).
## Usage
Import `@testing-library/jest-dom` once (for instance in your [tests setup
file][]) and you're good to go:
[tests setup file]:
https://jestjs.io/docs/en/configuration.html#setupfilesafterenv-array
```javascript
// In your own jest-setup.js (or any other name)
import '@testing-library/jest-dom'
// In jest.config.js add (if you haven't already)
setupFilesAfterEnv: ['/jest-setup.js']
```
### With `@jest/globals`
If you are using [`@jest/globals`][jest-globals announcement] with
[`injectGlobals: false`][inject-globals docs], you will need to use a different
import in your tests setup file:
```javascript
// In your own jest-setup.js (or any other name)
import '@testing-library/jest-dom/jest-globals'
```
[jest-globals announcement]:
https://jestjs.io/blog/2020/05/05/jest-26#a-new-way-to-consume-jest---jestglobals
[inject-globals docs]:
https://jestjs.io/docs/configuration#injectglobals-boolean
### With Vitest
If you are using [vitest][], this module will work as-is, but you will need to
use a different import in your tests setup file. This file should be added to
the [`setupFiles`][vitest setupfiles] property in your vitest config:
```javascript
// In your own vitest-setup.js (or any other name)
import '@testing-library/jest-dom/vitest'
// In vitest.config.js add (if you haven't already)
setupFiles: ['./vitest-setup.js']
```
[vitest]: https://vitest.dev/
[vitest setupfiles]: https://vitest.dev/config/#setupfiles
### With TypeScript
If you're using TypeScript, make sure your setup file is a `.ts` and not a `.js`
to include the necessary types.
You will also need to include your setup file in your `tsconfig.json` if you
haven't already:
```json
// In tsconfig.json
"include": [
...
"./jest-setup.ts"
],
```
### With another Jest-compatible `expect`
If you are using a different test runner that is compatible with Jest's `expect`
interface, it might be possible to use it with this library:
```javascript
import * as matchers from '@testing-library/jest-dom/matchers'
import {expect} from 'my-test-runner/expect'
expect.extend(matchers)
```
## Custom matchers
`@testing-library/jest-dom` can work with any library or framework that returns
DOM elements from queries. The custom matcher examples below are written using
matchers from `@testing-library`'s suite of libraries (e.g. `getByTestId`,
`queryByTestId`, `getByText`, etc.)
### `toBeDisabled`
```typescript
toBeDisabled()
```
This allows you to check whether an element is disabled from the user's
perspective. According to the specification, the following elements can be
[disabled](https://html.spec.whatwg.org/multipage/semantics-other.html#disabled-elements):
`button`, `input`, `select`, `textarea`, `optgroup`, `option`, `fieldset`, and
custom elements.
This custom matcher considers an element as disabled if the element is among the
types of elements that can be disabled (listed above), and the `disabled`
attribute is present. It will also consider the element as disabled if it's
inside a parent form element that supports being disabled and has the `disabled`
attribute present.
#### Examples
```html
submit
link
```
```javascript
expect(getByTestId('button')).toBeDisabled()
expect(getByTestId('input')).toBeDisabled()
expect(getByText('link')).not.toBeDisabled()
```
> This custom matcher does not take into account the presence or absence of the
> `aria-disabled` attribute. For more on why this is the case, check
> [#144](https://github.com/testing-library/jest-dom/issues/144).
### `toBeEnabled`
```typescript
toBeEnabled()
```
This allows you to check whether an element is not disabled from the user's
perspective.
It works like `not.toBeDisabled()`. Use this matcher to avoid double negation in
your tests.
> This custom matcher does not take into account the presence or absence of the
> `aria-disabled` attribute. For more on why this is the case, check
> [#144](https://github.com/testing-library/jest-dom/issues/144).
### `toBeEmptyDOMElement`
```typescript
toBeEmptyDOMElement()
```
This allows you to assert whether an element has no visible content for the
user. It ignores comments but will fail if the element contains white-space.
#### Examples
```html
```
```javascript
expect(getByTestId('empty')).toBeEmptyDOMElement()
expect(getByTestId('not-empty')).not.toBeEmptyDOMElement()
expect(getByTestId('with-whitespace')).not.toBeEmptyDOMElement()
```
### `toBeInTheDocument`
```typescript
toBeInTheDocument()
```
This allows you to assert whether an element is present in the document or not.
#### Examples
```html
Html Element
```
```javascript
expect(
getByTestId(document.documentElement, 'html-element'),
).toBeInTheDocument()
expect(getByTestId(document.documentElement, 'svg-element')).toBeInTheDocument()
expect(
queryByTestId(document.documentElement, 'does-not-exist'),
).not.toBeInTheDocument()
```
> Note: This matcher does not find detached elements. The element must be added
> to the document to be found by toBeInTheDocument. If you desire to search in a
> detached element please use: [`toContainElement`](#tocontainelement)
### `toBeInvalid`
```typescript
toBeInvalid()
```
This allows you to check if an element, is currently invalid.
An element is invalid if it has an
[`aria-invalid` attribute](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/Accessibility/ARIA/ARIA_Techniques/Using_the_aria-invalid_attribute)
with no value or a value of `"true"`, or if the result of
[`checkValidity()`](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/Guide/HTML/HTML5/Constraint_validation)
is `false`.
#### Examples
```html
```
```javascript
expect(getByTestId('no-aria-invalid')).not.toBeInvalid()
expect(getByTestId('aria-invalid')).toBeInvalid()
expect(getByTestId('aria-invalid-value')).toBeInvalid()
expect(getByTestId('aria-invalid-false')).not.toBeInvalid()
expect(getByTestId('valid-form')).not.toBeInvalid()
expect(getByTestId('invalid-form')).toBeInvalid()
```
### `toBeRequired`
```typescript
toBeRequired()
```
This allows you to check if a form element is currently required.
An element is required if it is having a `required` or `aria-required="true"`
attribute.
#### Examples
```html
```
```javascript
expect(getByTestId('required-input')).toBeRequired()
expect(getByTestId('aria-required-input')).toBeRequired()
expect(getByTestId('conflicted-input')).toBeRequired()
expect(getByTestId('aria-not-required-input')).not.toBeRequired()
expect(getByTestId('optional-input')).not.toBeRequired()
expect(getByTestId('unsupported-type')).not.toBeRequired()
expect(getByTestId('select')).toBeRequired()
expect(getByTestId('textarea')).toBeRequired()
expect(getByTestId('supported-role')).not.toBeRequired()
expect(getByTestId('supported-role-aria')).toBeRequired()
```
### `toBeValid`
```typescript
toBeValid()
```
This allows you to check if the value of an element, is currently valid.
An element is valid if it has no
[`aria-invalid` attribute](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/Accessibility/ARIA/ARIA_Techniques/Using_the_aria-invalid_attribute)s
or an attribute value of `"false"`. The result of
[`checkValidity()`](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/Guide/HTML/HTML5/Constraint_validation)
must also be `true` if it's a form element.
#### Examples
```html
```
```javascript
expect(getByTestId('no-aria-invalid')).toBeValid()
expect(getByTestId('aria-invalid')).not.toBeValid()
expect(getByTestId('aria-invalid-value')).not.toBeValid()
expect(getByTestId('aria-invalid-false')).toBeValid()
expect(getByTestId('valid-form')).toBeValid()
expect(getByTestId('invalid-form')).not.toBeValid()
```
### `toBeVisible`
```typescript
toBeVisible()
```
This allows you to check if an element is currently visible to the user.
An element is visible if **all** the following conditions are met:
- it is present in the document
- it does not have its css property `display` set to `none`
- it does not have its css property `visibility` set to either `hidden` or
`collapse`
- it does not have its css property `opacity` set to `0`
- its parent element is also visible (and so on up to the top of the DOM tree)
- it does not have the
[`hidden`](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/HTML/Global_attributes/hidden)
attribute
- if `` it has the `open` attribute
#### Examples
```html
Zero Opacity Example
Visibility Hidden Example
Display None Example
Hidden Parent Example
Visible Example
Hidden Attribute Example
Title of hidden text
Hidden Details Example
Title of visible text
Visible Details Example
```
```javascript
expect(getByText('Zero Opacity Example')).not.toBeVisible()
expect(getByText('Visibility Hidden Example')).not.toBeVisible()
expect(getByText('Display None Example')).not.toBeVisible()
expect(getByText('Hidden Parent Example')).not.toBeVisible()
expect(getByText('Visible Example')).toBeVisible()
expect(getByText('Hidden Attribute Example')).not.toBeVisible()
expect(getByText('Hidden Details Example')).not.toBeVisible()
expect(getByText('Visible Details Example')).toBeVisible()
```
### `toContainElement`
```typescript
toContainElement(element: HTMLElement | SVGElement | null)
```
This allows you to assert whether an element contains another element as a
descendant or not.
#### Examples
```html
```
```javascript
const ancestor = getByTestId('ancestor')
const descendant = getByTestId('descendant')
const nonExistantElement = getByTestId('does-not-exist')
expect(ancestor).toContainElement(descendant)
expect(descendant).not.toContainElement(ancestor)
expect(ancestor).not.toContainElement(nonExistantElement)
```
### `toContainHTML`
```typescript
toContainHTML(htmlText: string)
```
Assert whether a string representing a HTML element is contained in another
element. The string should contain valid html, and not any incomplete html.
#### Examples
```html
```
```javascript
// These are valid uses
expect(getByTestId('parent')).toContainHTML('')
expect(getByTestId('parent')).toContainHTML('')
expect(getByTestId('parent')).not.toContainHTML('
')
// These won't work
expect(getByTestId('parent')).toContainHTML('data-testid="child"')
expect(getByTestId('parent')).toContainHTML('data-testid')
expect(getByTestId('parent')).toContainHTML('')
```
> Chances are you probably do not need to use this matcher. We encourage testing
> from the perspective of how the user perceives the app in a browser. That's
> why testing against a specific DOM structure is not advised.
>
> It could be useful in situations where the code being tested renders html that
> was obtained from an external source, and you want to validate that that html
> code was used as intended.
>
> It should not be used to check DOM structure that you control. Please use
> [`toContainElement`](#tocontainelement) instead.
### `toHaveAccessibleDescription`
```typescript
toHaveAccessibleDescription(expectedAccessibleDescription?: string | RegExp)
```
This allows you to assert that an element has the expected
[accessible description](https://w3c.github.io/accname/).
You can pass the exact string of the expected accessible description, or you can
make a partial match passing a regular expression, or by using
[expect.stringContaining](https://jestjs.io/docs/en/expect.html#expectnotstringcontainingstring)/[expect.stringMatching](https://jestjs.io/docs/en/expect.html#expectstringmatchingstring-regexp).
#### Examples
```html
Start
About
The logo of Our Company
```
```js
expect(getByTestId('link')).toHaveAccessibleDescription()
expect(getByTestId('link')).toHaveAccessibleDescription('A link to start over')
expect(getByTestId('link')).not.toHaveAccessibleDescription('Home page')
expect(getByTestId('extra-link')).not.toHaveAccessibleDescription()
expect(getByTestId('avatar')).not.toHaveAccessibleDescription()
expect(getByTestId('logo')).not.toHaveAccessibleDescription('Company logo')
expect(getByTestId('logo')).toHaveAccessibleDescription(
'The logo of Our Company',
)
expect(getByTestId('logo2')).toHaveAccessibleDescription(
'The logo of Our Company',
)
```
### `toHaveAccessibleErrorMessage`
```typescript
toHaveAccessibleErrorMessage(expectedAccessibleErrorMessage?: string | RegExp)
```
This allows you to assert that an element has the expected
[accessible error message](https://w3c.github.io/aria/#aria-errormessage).
You can pass the exact string of the expected accessible error message.
Alternatively, you can perform a partial match by passing a regular expression
or by using
[expect.stringContaining](https://jestjs.io/docs/en/expect.html#expectnotstringcontainingstring)/[expect.stringMatching](https://jestjs.io/docs/en/expect.html#expectstringmatchingstring-regexp).
#### Examples
```html
This field is invalid
```
```js
// Inputs with Valid Error Messages
expect(getByRole('textbox', {name: 'Has Error'})).toHaveAccessibleErrorMessage()
expect(getByRole('textbox', {name: 'Has Error'})).toHaveAccessibleErrorMessage(
'This field is invalid',
)
expect(getByRole('textbox', {name: 'Has Error'})).toHaveAccessibleErrorMessage(
/invalid/i,
)
expect(
getByRole('textbox', {name: 'Has Error'}),
).not.toHaveAccessibleErrorMessage('This field is absolutely correct!')
// Inputs without Valid Error Messages
expect(
getByRole('textbox', {name: 'No Error Attributes'}),
).not.toHaveAccessibleErrorMessage()
expect(
getByRole('textbox', {name: 'Not Invalid'}),
).not.toHaveAccessibleErrorMessage()
```
### `toHaveAccessibleName`
```typescript
toHaveAccessibleName(expectedAccessibleName?: string | RegExp)
```
This allows you to assert that an element has the expected
[accessible name](https://w3c.github.io/accname/). It is useful, for instance,
to assert that form elements and buttons are properly labelled.
You can pass the exact string of the expected accessible name, or you can make a
partial match passing a regular expression, or by using
[expect.stringContaining](https://jestjs.io/docs/en/expect.html#expectnotstringcontainingstring)/[expect.stringMatching](https://jestjs.io/docs/en/expect.html#expectstringmatchingstring-regexp).
#### Examples
```html
![Test alt]()
![]()
Test title
![Test]()
![]()
Test content
Test
```
```javascript
expect(getByTestId('img-alt')).toHaveAccessibleName('Test alt')
expect(getByTestId('img-empty-alt')).not.toHaveAccessibleName()
expect(getByTestId('svg-title')).toHaveAccessibleName('Test title')
expect(getByTestId('button-img-alt')).toHaveAccessibleName()
expect(getByTestId('img-paragraph')).not.toHaveAccessibleName()
expect(getByTestId('svg-button')).toHaveAccessibleName()
expect(getByTestId('svg-without-title')).not.toHaveAccessibleName()
expect(getByTestId('input-title')).toHaveAccessibleName()
```
### `toHaveAttribute`
```typescript
toHaveAttribute(attr: string, value?: any)
```
This allows you to check whether the given element has an attribute or not. You
can also optionally check that the attribute has a specific expected value or
partial match using
[expect.stringContaining](https://jestjs.io/docs/en/expect.html#expectnotstringcontainingstring)/[expect.stringMatching](https://jestjs.io/docs/en/expect.html#expectstringmatchingstring-regexp)
#### Examples
```html
ok
```
```javascript
const button = getByTestId('ok-button')
expect(button).toHaveAttribute('disabled')
expect(button).toHaveAttribute('type', 'submit')
expect(button).not.toHaveAttribute('type', 'button')
expect(button).toHaveAttribute('type', expect.stringContaining('sub'))
expect(button).toHaveAttribute('type', expect.not.stringContaining('but'))
```
### `toHaveClass`
```typescript
toHaveClass(...classNames: string[], options?: {exact: boolean})
```
This allows you to check whether the given element has certain classes within
its `class` attribute. You must provide at least one class, unless you are
asserting that an element does not have any classes.
The list of class names may include strings and regular expressions. Regular
expressions are matched against each individual class in the target element, and
it is NOT matched against its full `class` attribute value as whole.
#### Examples
```html
Delete item
No Classes
```
```javascript
const deleteButton = getByTestId('delete-button')
const noClasses = getByTestId('no-classes')
expect(deleteButton).toHaveClass('extra')
expect(deleteButton).toHaveClass('btn-danger btn')
expect(deleteButton).toHaveClass(/danger/, 'btn')
expect(deleteButton).toHaveClass('btn-danger', 'btn')
expect(deleteButton).not.toHaveClass('btn-link')
expect(deleteButton).not.toHaveClass(/link/)
expect(deleteButton).not.toHaveClass(/btn extra/) // It does not match
expect(deleteButton).toHaveClass('btn-danger extra btn', {exact: true}) // to check if the element has EXACTLY a set of classes
expect(deleteButton).not.toHaveClass('btn-danger extra', {exact: true}) // if it has more than expected it is going to fail
expect(noClasses).not.toHaveClass()
```
### `toHaveFocus`
```typescript
toHaveFocus()
```
This allows you to assert whether an element has focus or not.
#### Examples
```html
```
```javascript
const input = getByTestId('element-to-focus')
input.focus()
expect(input).toHaveFocus()
input.blur()
expect(input).not.toHaveFocus()
```
### `toHaveFormValues`
```typescript
toHaveFormValues(expectedValues: {
[name: string]: any
})
```
This allows you to check if a form or fieldset contains form controls for each
given name, and having the specified value.
> It is important to stress that this matcher can only be invoked on a [form][]
> or a [fieldset][] element.
>
> This allows it to take advantage of the [.elements][] property in `form` and
> `fieldset` to reliably fetch all form controls within them.
>
> This also avoids the possibility that users provide a container that contains
> more than one `form`, thereby intermixing form controls that are not related,
> and could even conflict with one another.
This matcher abstracts away the particularities with which a form control value
is obtained depending on the type of form control. For instance, ``
elements have a `value` attribute, but `` elements do not. Here's a list
of all cases covered:
- `` elements return the value as a **number**, instead of
a string.
- `` elements:
- if there's a single one with the given `name` attribute, it is treated as a
**boolean**, returning `true` if the checkbox is checked, `false` if
unchecked.
- if there's more than one checkbox with the same `name` attribute, they are
all treated collectively as a single form control, which returns the value
as an **array** containing all the values of the selected checkboxes in the
collection.
- `` elements are all grouped by the `name` attribute, and
such a group treated as a single form control. This form control returns the
value as a **string** corresponding to the `value` attribute of the selected
radio button within the group.
- `` elements return the value as a **string**. This also
applies to `` elements having any other possible `type` attribute
that's not explicitly covered in different rules above (e.g. `search`,
`email`, `date`, `password`, `hidden`, etc.)
- `` elements without the `multiple` attribute return the value as a
**string** corresponding to the `value` attribute of the selected `option`, or
`undefined` if there's no selected option.
- `` elements return the value as an **array** containing all
the values of the [selected options][].
- `` elements return their value as a **string**. The value
corresponds to their node content.
The above rules make it easy, for instance, to switch from using a single select
control to using a group of radio buttons. Or to switch from a multi select
control, to using a group of checkboxes. The resulting set of form values used
by this matcher to compare against would be the same.
[selected options]:
https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/API/HTMLSelectElement/selectedOptions
[form]: https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/API/HTMLFormElement
[fieldset]: https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/API/HTMLFieldSetElement
[.elements]:
https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/API/HTMLFormElement/elements
#### Examples
```html
Sign in
```
```javascript
expect(getByTestId('login-form')).toHaveFormValues({
username: 'jane.doe',
rememberMe: true,
})
```
### `toHaveStyle`
```typescript
toHaveStyle(css: string | object)
```
This allows you to check if a certain element has some specific css properties
with specific values applied. It matches only if the element has _all_ the
expected properties applied, not just some of them.
#### Examples
```html
Delete item
```
```javascript
const button = getByTestId('delete-button')
expect(button).toHaveStyle('display: none')
expect(button).toHaveStyle({display: 'none'})
expect(button).toHaveStyle(`
background-color: red;
display: none;
`)
expect(button).toHaveStyle({
backgroundColor: 'red',
display: 'none',
})
expect(button).not.toHaveStyle(`
background-color: blue;
display: none;
`)
expect(button).not.toHaveStyle({
backgroundColor: 'blue',
display: 'none',
})
```
This also works with rules that are applied to the element via a class name for
which some rules are defined in a stylesheet currently active in the document.
The usual rules of css precedence apply.
### `toHaveTextContent`
```typescript
toHaveTextContent(text: string | RegExp, options?: {normalizeWhitespace: boolean})
```
This allows you to check whether the given node has a text content or not. This
supports elements, but also text nodes and fragments.
When a `string` argument is passed through, it will perform a partial
case-sensitive match to the node content.
To perform a case-insensitive match, you can use a `RegExp` with the `/i`
modifier.
If you want to match the whole content, you can use a `RegExp` to do it.
#### Examples
```html
Text Content
```
```javascript
const element = getByTestId('text-content')
expect(element).toHaveTextContent('Content')
expect(element).toHaveTextContent(/^Text Content$/) // to match the whole content
expect(element).toHaveTextContent(/content$/i) // to use case-insensitive match
expect(element).not.toHaveTextContent('content')
```
### `toHaveValue`
```typescript
toHaveValue(value: string | string[] | number)
```
This allows you to check whether the given form element has the specified value.
It accepts ``, `` and `` elements with the exception of
`` and ``, which can be meaningfully
matched only using [`toBeChecked`](#tobechecked) or
[`toHaveFormValues`](#tohaveformvalues).
For all other form elements, the value is matched using the same algorithm as in
[`toHaveFormValues`](#tohaveformvalues) does.
#### Examples
```html
First Value
Second Value
Third Value
```
##### Using DOM Testing Library
```javascript
const textInput = getByTestId('input-text')
const numberInput = getByTestId('input-number')
const emptyInput = getByTestId('input-empty')
const selectInput = getByTestId('select-number')
expect(textInput).toHaveValue('text')
expect(numberInput).toHaveValue(5)
expect(emptyInput).not.toHaveValue()
expect(selectInput).toHaveValue(['second', 'third'])
```
### `toHaveDisplayValue`
```typescript
toHaveDisplayValue(value: string | RegExp | (string|RegExp)[])
```
This allows you to check whether the given form element has the specified
displayed value (the one the end user will see). It accepts ``,
`` and `` elements with the exception of
`` and ``, which can be meaningfully
matched only using [`toBeChecked`](#tobechecked) or
[`toHaveFormValues`](#tohaveformvalues).
#### Examples
```html
First name
Description
An example description here.
Fruit
Select a fruit...
Banana
Ananas
Avocado
Fruits
Select a fruit...
Banana
Ananas
Avocado
```
##### Using DOM Testing Library
```javascript
const input = screen.getByLabelText('First name')
const textarea = screen.getByLabelText('Description')
const selectSingle = screen.getByLabelText('Fruit')
const selectMultiple = screen.getByLabelText('Fruits')
expect(input).toHaveDisplayValue('Luca')
expect(input).toHaveDisplayValue(/Luc/)
expect(textarea).toHaveDisplayValue('An example description here.')
expect(textarea).toHaveDisplayValue(/example/)
expect(selectSingle).toHaveDisplayValue('Select a fruit...')
expect(selectSingle).toHaveDisplayValue(/Select/)
expect(selectMultiple).toHaveDisplayValue([/Avocado/, 'Banana'])
```
### `toBeChecked`
```typescript
toBeChecked()
```
This allows you to check whether the given element is checked. It accepts an
`input` of type `checkbox` or `radio` and elements with a `role` of `checkbox`,
`radio` or `switch` with a valid `aria-checked` attribute of `"true"` or
`"false"`.
#### Examples
```html
```
```javascript
const inputCheckboxChecked = getByTestId('input-checkbox-checked')
const inputCheckboxUnchecked = getByTestId('input-checkbox-unchecked')
const ariaCheckboxChecked = getByTestId('aria-checkbox-checked')
const ariaCheckboxUnchecked = getByTestId('aria-checkbox-unchecked')
expect(inputCheckboxChecked).toBeChecked()
expect(inputCheckboxUnchecked).not.toBeChecked()
expect(ariaCheckboxChecked).toBeChecked()
expect(ariaCheckboxUnchecked).not.toBeChecked()
const inputRadioChecked = getByTestId('input-radio-checked')
const inputRadioUnchecked = getByTestId('input-radio-unchecked')
const ariaRadioChecked = getByTestId('aria-radio-checked')
const ariaRadioUnchecked = getByTestId('aria-radio-unchecked')
expect(inputRadioChecked).toBeChecked()
expect(inputRadioUnchecked).not.toBeChecked()
expect(ariaRadioChecked).toBeChecked()
expect(ariaRadioUnchecked).not.toBeChecked()
const ariaSwitchChecked = getByTestId('aria-switch-checked')
const ariaSwitchUnchecked = getByTestId('aria-switch-unchecked')
expect(ariaSwitchChecked).toBeChecked()
expect(ariaSwitchUnchecked).not.toBeChecked()
```
### `toBePartiallyChecked`
```typescript
toBePartiallyChecked()
```
This allows you to check whether the given element is partially checked. It
accepts an `input` of type `checkbox` and elements with a `role` of `checkbox`
with a `aria-checked="mixed"`, or `input` of type `checkbox` with
`indeterminate` set to `true`
#### Examples
```html
```
```javascript
const ariaCheckboxMixed = getByTestId('aria-checkbox-mixed')
const inputCheckboxChecked = getByTestId('input-checkbox-checked')
const inputCheckboxUnchecked = getByTestId('input-checkbox-unchecked')
const ariaCheckboxChecked = getByTestId('aria-checkbox-checked')
const ariaCheckboxUnchecked = getByTestId('aria-checkbox-unchecked')
const inputCheckboxIndeterminate = getByTestId('input-checkbox-indeterminate')
expect(ariaCheckboxMixed).toBePartiallyChecked()
expect(inputCheckboxChecked).not.toBePartiallyChecked()
expect(inputCheckboxUnchecked).not.toBePartiallyChecked()
expect(ariaCheckboxChecked).not.toBePartiallyChecked()
expect(ariaCheckboxUnchecked).not.toBePartiallyChecked()
inputCheckboxIndeterminate.indeterminate = true
expect(inputCheckboxIndeterminate).toBePartiallyChecked()
```
### `toHaveRole`
This allows you to assert that an element has the expected
[role](https://www.w3.org/TR/html-aria/#docconformance).
This is useful in cases where you already have access to an element via some
query other than the role itself, and want to make additional assertions
regarding its accessibility.
The role can match either an explicit role (via the `role` attribute), or an
implicit one via the
[implicit ARIA semantics](https://www.w3.org/TR/html-aria/).
Note: roles are matched literally by string equality, without inheriting from
the ARIA role hierarchy. As a result, querying a superclass role like 'checkbox'
will not include elements with a subclass role like 'switch'.
```typescript
toHaveRole(expectedRole: string)
```
```html
Continue
Continue
Continue
About
Invalid link
```
```javascript
expect(getByTestId('button')).toHaveRole('button')
expect(getByTestId('button-explicit')).toHaveRole('button')
expect(getByTestId('button-explicit-multiple')).toHaveRole('button')
expect(getByTestId('button-explicit-multiple')).toHaveRole('switch')
expect(getByTestId('link')).toHaveRole('link')
expect(getByTestId('link-invalid')).not.toHaveRole('link')
expect(getByTestId('link-invalid')).toHaveRole('generic')
```
### `toHaveErrorMessage`
> This custom matcher is deprecated. Prefer
> [`toHaveAccessibleErrorMessage`](#tohaveaccessibleerrormessage) instead, which
> is more comprehensive in implementing the official spec.
```typescript
toHaveErrorMessage(text: string | RegExp)
```
This allows you to check whether the given element has an
[ARIA error message](https://www.w3.org/TR/wai-aria/#aria-errormessage) or not.
Use the `aria-errormessage` attribute to reference another element that contains
custom error message text. Multiple ids is **NOT** allowed. Authors MUST use
`aria-invalid` in conjunction with `aria-errormessage`. Learn more from
[`aria-errormessage` spec](https://www.w3.org/TR/wai-aria/#aria-errormessage).
Whitespace is normalized.
When a `string` argument is passed through, it will perform a whole
case-sensitive match to the error message text.
To perform a case-insensitive match, you can use a `RegExp` with the `/i`
modifier.
To perform a partial match, you can pass a `RegExp` or use
`expect.stringContaining("partial string")`.
#### Examples
```html
Please enter a start time for the meeting:
Invalid time: the time must be between 9:00 AM and 5:00 PM
```
```javascript
const timeInput = getByLabel('startTime')
expect(timeInput).toHaveErrorMessage(
'Invalid time: the time must be between 9:00 AM and 5:00 PM',
)
expect(timeInput).toHaveErrorMessage(/invalid time/i) // to partially match
expect(timeInput).toHaveErrorMessage(expect.stringContaining('Invalid time')) // to partially match
expect(timeInput).not.toHaveErrorMessage('Pikachu!')
```
## Deprecated matchers
### `toBeEmpty`
> Note: This matcher is being deprecated due to a name clash with
> `jest-extended`. See more info in #216. In the future, please use only
> [`toBeEmptyDOMElement`](#toBeEmptyDOMElement)
```typescript
toBeEmpty()
```
This allows you to assert whether an element has content or not.
#### Examples
```html
```
```javascript
expect(getByTestId('empty')).toBeEmpty()
expect(getByTestId('not-empty')).not.toBeEmpty()
```
### `toBeInTheDOM`
> This custom matcher is deprecated. Prefer
> [`toBeInTheDocument`](#tobeinthedocument) instead.
```typescript
toBeInTheDOM()
```
This allows you to check whether a value is a DOM element, or not.
Contrary to what its name implies, this matcher only checks that you passed to
it a valid DOM element. It does not have a clear definition of what "the DOM"
is. Therefore, it does not check whether that element is contained anywhere.
This is the main reason why this matcher is deprecated, and will be removed in
the next major release. You can follow the discussion around this decision in
more detail [here](https://github.com/testing-library/jest-dom/issues/34).
As an alternative, you can use [`toBeInTheDocument`](#tobeinthedocument) or
[`toContainElement`](#tocontainelement). Or if you just want to check if a value
is indeed an `HTMLElement` you can always use some of
[jest's built-in matchers](https://jestjs.io/docs/en/expect#tobeinstanceofclass):
```js
expect(document.querySelector('.ok-button')).toBeInstanceOf(HTMLElement)
expect(document.querySelector('.cancel-button')).toBeTruthy()
```
> Note: The differences between `toBeInTheDOM` and `toBeInTheDocument` are
> significant. Replacing all uses of `toBeInTheDOM` with `toBeInTheDocument`
> will likely cause unintended consequences in your tests. Please make sure when
> replacing `toBeInTheDOM` to read through the documentation of the proposed
> alternatives to see which use case works better for your needs.
### `toHaveDescription`
> This custom matcher is deprecated. Prefer
> [`toHaveAccessibleDescription`](#tohaveaccessibledescription) instead, which
> is more comprehensive in implementing the official spec.
```typescript
toHaveDescription(text: string | RegExp)
```
This allows you to check whether the given element has a description or not.
An element gets its description via the
[`aria-describedby` attribute](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/Accessibility/ARIA/ARIA_Techniques/Using_the_aria-describedby_attribute).
Set this to the `id` of one or more other elements. These elements may be nested
inside, be outside, or a sibling of the passed in element.
Whitespace is normalized. Using multiple ids will
[join the referenced elementsโ text content separated by a space](https://www.w3.org/TR/accname-1.1/#mapping_additional_nd_description).
When a `string` argument is passed through, it will perform a whole
case-sensitive match to the description text.
To perform a case-insensitive match, you can use a `RegExp` with the `/i`
modifier.
To perform a partial match, you can pass a `RegExp` or use
`expect.stringContaining("partial string")`.
#### Examples
```html
X
Closing will discard any changes
Delete
```
```javascript
const closeButton = getByRole('button', {name: 'Close'})
expect(closeButton).toHaveDescription('Closing will discard any changes')
expect(closeButton).toHaveDescription(/will discard/) // to partially match
expect(closeButton).toHaveDescription(expect.stringContaining('will discard')) // to partially match
expect(closeButton).toHaveDescription(/^closing/i) // to use case-insensitive match
expect(closeButton).not.toHaveDescription('Other description')
const deleteButton = getByRole('button', {name: 'Delete'})
expect(deleteButton).not.toHaveDescription()
expect(deleteButton).toHaveDescription('') // Missing or empty description always becomes a blank string
```
## Inspiration
This whole library was extracted out of Kent C. Dodds' [DOM Testing
Library][dom-testing-library], which was in turn extracted out of [React Testing
Library][react-testing-library].
The intention is to make this available to be used independently of these other
libraries, and also to make it more clear that these other libraries are
independent from jest, and can be used with other tests runners as well.
## Other Solutions
I'm not aware of any, if you are please [make a pull request][prs] and add it
here!
If you would like to further test the accessibility and validity of the DOM
consider [`jest-axe`](https://github.com/nickcolley/jest-axe). It doesn't
overlap with `jest-dom` but can complement it for more in-depth accessibility
checking (eg: validating `aria` attributes or ensuring unique id attributes).
## Guiding Principles
> [The more your tests resemble the way your software is used, the more
> confidence they can give you.][guiding-principle]
This library follows the same guiding principles as its mother library [DOM
Testing Library][dom-testing-library]. Go [check them out][guiding-principle]
for more details.
Additionally, with respect to custom DOM matchers, this library aims to maintain
a minimal but useful set of them, while avoiding bloating itself with merely
convenient ones that can be easily achieved with other APIs. In general, the
overall criteria for what is considered a useful custom matcher to add to this
library, is that doing the equivalent assertion on our own makes the test code
more verbose, less clear in its intent, and/or harder to read.
## Contributors
Thanks goes to these people ([emoji key][emojis]):
Kent C. Dodds
๐ป ๐ ๐ โ ๏ธ
Ryan Castner
๐
Daniel Sandiego
๐ป
Paweล Mikoลajczyk
๐ป
Alejandro รรกรฑez Ortiz
๐
Matt Parrish
๐ ๐ป ๐ โ ๏ธ
Justin Hall
๐ฆ
Anto Aravinth
๐ป โ ๏ธ ๐
Jonah Moses
๐
ลukasz Gandecki
๐ป โ ๏ธ ๐
Ivan Babak
๐ ๐ค
Jesse Day
๐ป
Ernesto Garcรญa
๐ป ๐ โ ๏ธ
Mark Volkmann
๐ ๐ป
smacpherson64
๐ป ๐ โ ๏ธ
John Gozde
๐ ๐ป
Iwona
๐ป ๐ โ ๏ธ
Lewis
๐ป
Leandro Lourenci
๐ ๐ ๐ป โ ๏ธ
Shukhrat Mukimov
๐
Roman Usherenko
๐ป โ ๏ธ
Joe Hsu
๐
Haz
๐ ๐ป
Revath S Kumar
๐ป
hiwelo.
๐ป ๐ค โ ๏ธ
ลukasz Fiszer
๐ป
Jean Chung
๐ป โ ๏ธ
CarlaTeo
๐ป โ ๏ธ
Yarden Shoham
๐
Jaga Santagostino
๐ โ ๏ธ ๐
Connor Meredith
๐ป โ ๏ธ ๐
Pawel Wolak
โ ๏ธ
Michaรซl De Boey
๐
Jฤnis Zarลพeckis
๐
koala-lava
๐
Juan Pablo Blanco
๐
Ben Monro
๐
Jeff Bernstein
๐
Sergi
๐ป โ ๏ธ
Spencer Miskoviak
๐
Jon Rimmer
๐ป โ ๏ธ
Luca Barone
๐ป โ ๏ธ ๐ค
Malte Felmy
๐ป โ ๏ธ
Championrunner
๐
Patrick Smith
๐ป โ ๏ธ ๐
Rubรฉn Moya
๐ป โ ๏ธ ๐
Daniela Valero
๐ป โ ๏ธ ๐
Vladislav Katsura
๐ป โ ๏ธ
Tim Fischbach
๐ป โ ๏ธ ๐ค
Katie Boedges
๐
Brian Alexis
โ ๏ธ
Boris Serdiuk
๐ ๐ป โ ๏ธ
Dana Woodman
๐
Mo Sattler
๐
Geoff Rich
๐ป โ ๏ธ ๐ค ๐
Syneva
๐ป
Nick McCurdy
๐ ๐ ๐ป
Obed Marquez Parlapiano
๐
Caleb Eby
๐ ๐ป โ ๏ธ
Marcel Barner
๐ป โ ๏ธ
Doma
๐ป โ ๏ธ
Julien Wajsberg
๐ป โ ๏ธ
steven nguyen
๐
tu4mo
๐
Matan Borenkraout
๐ฆ
Yann Braga
๐ป
Ian VanSchooten
๐ป
Chantal Broeren
๐
Jรฉrรฉmie Astori
๐ป ๐ค
Ashley Ryan
๐ป ๐ค
Fotis Papadogeorgopoulos
๐ป ๐ โ ๏ธ
Jake Boone
๐ป โ ๏ธ
Stephan Kรถninger
๐ ๐ป
Michael Manzinger
๐ ๐ป โ ๏ธ
Dennis Chen
๐ป
Tony Hallett
๐
David DOLCIMASCOLO
๐ง
Aleksandr Elkin
๐ง
Mordechai Dror
๐ป
This project follows the [all-contributors][all-contributors] specification.
Contributions of any kind welcome!
## LICENSE
MIT
[jest]: https://facebook.github.io/jest/
[dom-testing-library]: https://github.com/testing-library/dom-testing-library
[react-testing-library]:
https://github.com/testing-library/react-testing-library
[npm]: https://www.npmjs.com/
[node]: https://nodejs.org
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