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https://github.com/tonyseek/simple-rbac

A simple role based access control utility for Python.
https://github.com/tonyseek/simple-rbac

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A simple role based access control utility for Python.

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Simple RBAC

===========



This is a simple role based access control utility in Python.



Quick Start

-----------



1. Install Simple RBAC

~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~



::



    pip install simple-rbac



2. Create a Access Control List

~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~



::



    import rbac.acl



    acl = rbac.acl.Registry()



3. Register Roles and Resources

~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~



::



    acl.add_role("member")

    acl.add_role("student", ["member"])

    acl.add_role("teacher", ["member"])

    acl.add_role("junior-student", ["student"])



    acl.add_resource("course")

    acl.add_resource("senior-course", ["course"])



4. Add Rules

~~~~~~~~~~~~



::



    acl.allow("member", "view", "course")

    acl.allow("student", "learn", "course")

    acl.allow("teacher", "teach", "course")

    acl.deny("junior-student", "learn", "senior-course")



5. Use It to Check Permission

~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~



::



    if acl.is_allowed("student", "view", "course"):

        print("Students chould view courses.")

    else:

        print("Students chould not view courses.")



    if acl.is_allowed("junior-student", "learn", "senior-course"):

        print("Junior students chould learn senior courses.")

    else:

        print("Junior students chould not learn senior courses.")



Custom Role and Resource Class

------------------------------



It’s not necessary to use string as role object and resource object like

"Quick Start". You could define role class and resource class of

yourself, such as a database mapped model in SQLAlchemy.



Whatever which role class and resource class you will use, it must

implement ``__hash__`` method and ``__eq__`` method to be `hashable`_.



Example

~~~~~~~



::



    class Role(db.Model):

        """The role."""



        id = db.Column(db.Integer, primary_key=True)

        screen_name = db.Column(db.Unicode, nullable=False, unique=True)



        def __hash__(self):

            return hash("ROLE::%d" % self.id)



        def __eq__(self, other):

            return self.id == other.id



    class Resource(db.Model):

        """The resource."""



        id = db.Column(db.Integer, primary_key=True)

        screen_name = db.Column(db.Unicode, nullable=False, unique=True)



        def __hash__(self):

            return hash("RESOURCE::%d" % self.id)



        def __eq__(self, other):

            return self.id == other.id



Of course, You could use the built-in hashable types too, such as tuple,

namedtuple, frozenset and more.



Use the Identity Context Check Your Permission

----------------------------------------------



Obviously, the work of checking permission is a cross-cutting concern.

The module named ``rbac.context``, our ``IdentityContext``, provide some

ways to make our work neater.



1. Create the Context Manager

~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~



::



    acl = Registry()

    context = IdentityContext(acl)



2. Set a Loader

~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~



The loader should load the roles of current user.



::



    from myapp import get_current_user



    @context.set_roles_loader

    def second_load_roles():

        user = get_current_user()

        yield "everyone"

        for role in user.roles:

            yield str(role)



3. Protect Your Action

~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~



Now you could protect your action from unauthorized access. As you

please, you could choose many ways to check the permission, including

python ``decorator``, python ``with statement`` or simple method

calling.



Decorator

^^^^^^^^^



::



    @context.check_permission("view", "article", message="can't view")

    def article_page():

        return "your-article"



With Statement

^^^^^^^^^^^^^^



::



    def article_page():

        with context.check_permission("view", "article", message="can't view"):

            return "your-article"



Simple Method Calling

^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^



::



    def article_page():

        context.check_permission("view", "article", message="can't view").check()

        return "your-article"



Exception Handler and Non-Zero Checking

^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^



Whatever which way you choosen, a exception

``rbac.context.PermissionDenied`` will be raised while a unauthorized

access happening. The keyword arguments sent to the

``context.check_permission`` will be set into a attirbute named

``kwargs`` of the exception. You could get those data in your exception

handler.



::



    @context.check_permission("view", "article", message="can not view")

    def article_page():

        return "your-article"



    try:

        print article_page()

    except PermissionDenied as exception:

        print "The access has been denied, you %s" % exception.kwargs['message']



If you don’t want to raise the exception but only check the access is

allowed or not, you could use the checking like a boolean value.



::



    if not context.check_permission("view", "article"):

        print "Oh! the access has been denied."



    is_allowed = bool(context.check_permission("view", "article"))



.. _hashable: http://docs.python.org/glossary.html#term-hashable



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   :target: https://travis-ci.org/tonyseek/simple-rbac

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   :target: https://coveralls.io/r/tonyseek/simple-rbac

   :alt: Coverage Status

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   :target: https://warehouse.python.org/project/simple-rbac

   :alt: Wheel Status

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   :target: https://pypi.python.org/pypi/simple-rbac

   :alt: PyPI Version