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https://github.com/tungbq/cmd

A bookmark of essential commands for a software engineer's daily tasks :bookmark:
https://github.com/tungbq/cmd

bookmark cheatsheet cli cmd command-line commands note

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A bookmark of essential commands for a software engineer's daily tasks :bookmark:

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README 

          
# CLI Commands Reference

A bookmark of essential command-line commands for a software engineer's daily tasks 📑

- Source code: [**tungbq/cmd**](https://github.com/tungbq/cmd) ⭐

- Website: [**https://tungbq.github.io/cmd**](https://tungbq.github.io/cmd)

- Contributing guideline: [**here**](https://github.com/tungbq/cmd/blob/main/CONTRIBUTING.md) 📖



## Table of Contents

- [Linux Commands](#linux-commands)

- [SSH Commands](#ssh-commands)

- [JQ Commands](#jq-commands)

- [Git Commands](#git-commands)

- [Docker Commands](#docker-commands)

- [Kubernetes Commands](#kubernetes-commands)

- [Helm Commands](#helm-commands)

- [Ansible Commands](#ansible-commands)

- [Terraform Commands](#terraform-commands)

- [PostgreSQL Commands](#postgresql-commands)

- [Python Commands](#python-commands)

- [Azure CLI Commands](#azure-cli-commands)

- [Powershell Commands](#powershell-commands)



---



## Linux Commands



```bash

# TIPS: Press `Ctrl + R` to find your previous commands.



# Clear terminal output

clear



# List files in the current directory with details

ls -la



# Check system stats

df -h

cat /etc/os-release

cat /proc/meminfo

nproc



# Working with linux service

systemctl status target_service

systemctl start target_service

systemctl stop target_service

journalctl -u target_service



# Reload config without restarting the service

systemctl reload target_service



# Change file mode

chmod +x some_file.sh

chmod 0600 /path/to/directory



# Change directory owner

sudo chown -R user:user folder



# Create new directory

mkdir -p /path/to/directory



# Change directory

cd /path/to/directory



# Copy a file or directory

cp source destination



# Move or rename a file or directory

mv old-name new-name



# Remove a file

rm file-name



# Show disk usage of directories and files

du -h --max-depth=1



# Search for a pattern in files

grep -r "pattern" /path/to/search



# Display the current directory's path

pwd



# History

history



# CURL, add '-k' to ignore certificate verification

curl https://abc.example.com



# wget - Download a file from a URL

wget http://example.com/file.zip



# wget - Download a file and save it with a different name

wget -O newfile.zip http://example.com/file.zip



# Check network

netstat -anpt

ping google.com

nslookup google.com

tracepath google.com



# Check system metric (CPU/RAM/...)

top



# Tar

tar -cvf sampleArchive.tar /home/sampleArchive



# Extract

tar -xvf sampleArchive.tar

tar -xvf sampleArchive.tar.gz -C /home/ExtractedFiles/



# Control file content

echo "first line" > file.txt

echo "second line" >> file.txt



# SCP commands

scp -r username@IP:/path/on/remote /path/on/local

scp -r -i /path/to/key.pem username@IP:/path/on/remote /path/on/local

scp -r -P 12345 -i /path/to/key.pem username@IP:/path/on/remote /path/on/local



# DNS check

dig domain.com

```



[Back to top 🔝](#cli-commands-reference)



## SSH Commands



```bash

# Generate SSH keys

ssh-keygen -t rsa



# SSH to a server using username/password

ssh user@1.2.3.4



# SSH to a server using key

ssh -i user_key.pem user@1.2.3.4



# Use locally available keys to authorise logins on a remote machine

## Copy default key

ssh-copy-id user@1.2.3.4



## Copy specific key

ssh-copy-id -i ~/.ssh/mykey user@host

```



[Back to top 🔝](#cli-commands-reference)



## JQ Commands



```bash

# Pretty-print JSON data

jq '.'



# Extract a specific field from a JSON object

jq '.fieldName' file.json



# Filter JSON data by a specific condition

jq 'select(.fieldName == "value")' file.json



# Parse JSON from an API response

curl -s http://api.example.com/data | jq '.'



# Flatten a nested JSON structure

jq '.[].nestedField' file.json



# Format JSON output into a more readable structure

jq '.' file.json | less

```



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## Git Commands



```bash

# Configure git info

git config --global user.name "Your Name"

git config --global user.email "your.email@example.com"



# Remove '--global' flag if you want to config for project only

git config user.name "Your Name"

git config user.email "your.email@example.com"



# Verify

git config -l



# Clone repo via HTTPS

git clone https://github.com/REPO_OWNER/repo.git



# Clone with username

git clone https://username@github.com/REPO_OWNER/repo.git



# Clone repo via SSH

git clone git@github.com:REPO_OWNER/repo.git



# Create a new branch

git checkout -b new-branch



# Pull the latest changes from the remote repository

git pull origin main



# Check the status of your working directory

git status



# Add changes to the staging area

git add .

git add file_name1 file_name2 folder_name1



# Commit changes with a message

git commit -m "Your commit message"



# View log

git log



# Push to remote feature branch

git push origin new-branch



# Reset staging area to match the lastest origin commit

git reset origin/main

```



[Back to top 🔝](#cli-commands-reference)



## Docker Commands



```bash

# List all running containers

docker ps



# List all containers (including stopped ones)

docker ps -a



# Build an image from a Dockerfile

docker build -t your-image-name .



# Run a container from an image

docker run --name container-name your-image-name



# Stop a running container

docker stop container-name



# Remove a stopped container

docker rm container-name



# Remove an image

docker rmi image-name



# Show container logs

docker logs container-name



# List all Docker images

docker images



# Enter a running container's shell

docker exec -it container-name /bin/bash



# Cleanup docker (add `-f` flag to force cleanup)

docker system prune



## Docker Compose

# Start up containers as defined in the Docker Compose file

docker compose up



# Start up containers in detached mode

docker compose up -d



# Stop running containers

docker compose down

```



[Back to top 🔝](#cli-commands-reference)



## Kubernetes Commands



```bash

# Linux Export KUBECONFIG to access the cluster

export KUBECONFIG=/path/to/kubeconfig.conf



# Window Export KUBECONFIG to access the cluster

 $env:KUBECONFIG = "\path\to\kubeconfig.conf"



# Check nodes

kubectl get nodes



# Get all pods in the target namespace

kubectl get pods -n your_namespace



# Get all services in the current namespace

kubectl get svc -n your_namespace



# Get all resources in all namespace

kubectl get all -A



# Describe a pod

kubectl describe pod pod-name



# Apply a configuration to a resource by filename or stdin

kubectl apply -f config-file.yaml



# Delete resources by filenames, stdin, resources, and names

kubectl delete -f config-file.yaml



# Get logs from a pod

kubectl logs pod-name



# Execute a command in a container

kubectl exec -it pod-name -- /bin/bash



# Forward a port from a pod to the local machine

kubectl port-forward pod-name 8080:80

```



[Back to top 🔝](#cli-commands-reference)



## Helm Commands



```bash

# Add a Helm repository

helm repo add repo-name https://example.com/repo



# Update all Helm repositories

helm repo update



# Search for charts in a Helm repository

helm search repo repo-name



# Install a Helm chart

helm install release-name repo-name/chart-name



# List all Helm releases across all namespaces

helm list --all-namespaces



# Uninstall a Helm release

helm uninstall release-name



# Upgrade an existing Helm release

helm upgrade release-name repo-name/chart-name



# Get the status of a Helm release

helm status release-name



# Show the history of a Helm release

helm history release-name

```



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## Ansible Commands



```bash

# Run an Ansible playbook

ansible-playbook playbook.yml -i inventory.ini



# Run a single Ansible ad-hoc command

ansible all -m ping



# List all available Ansible roles

ansible-galaxy list



# Install a role from Ansible Galaxy

ansible-galaxy install role-name



# Test an Ansible inventory file

ansible-inventory --list -i inventory.ini



# Run an Ansible playbook with increased verbosity

ansible-playbook playbook.yml -vvv

```



[Back to top 🔝](#cli-commands-reference)



## Terraform Commands



```bash

# Initialize a Terraform configuration directory

terraform init



# Plan the changes required by the Terraform configuration

terraform plan



# Apply the changes required by the Terraform configuration

terraform apply



# Create a Terraform execution plan and save it to a file (recommended)

terraform plan -out="tfplan.out"



# Apply the changes from saved plan

terraform apply "tfplan.out"



# Apply the changes automatically (use with your own risk, suitable for automation tasks)

terraform apply --auto-aprove



# Apply with secret var

terraform apply -var-file="secret.tfvars"



# Destroy all the resources managed by Terraform

terraform destroy



# Validate the Terraform configuration files

terraform validate



# Format Terraform configuration files

terraform fmt



# Show the current state of Terraform-managed infrastructure

terraform show



# Refresh the state file with the real infrastructure

terraform refresh



# List the available Terraform providers

terraform providers

```



[Back to top 🔝](#cli-commands-reference)



## PostgreSQL Commands



```bash

# Connect to a PostgreSQL database

psql -h hostname -U username -d database_name



# List all databases

psql -c "\l"



# List all tables in the current database

psql -c "\dt"



# Show the structure of a specific table

psql -c "\d table_name"



# Create a new database

createdb new_database_name



# Drop an existing database

dropdb database_name



# Create a new user

createuser new_user_name



# Drop an existing user

dropuser user_name



# Grant all privileges on a database to a user

psql -c "GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON DATABASE database_name TO user_name"



# Revoke all privileges on a database from a user

psql -c "REVOKE ALL PRIVILEGES ON DATABASE database_name FROM user_name"



# Backup a PostgreSQL database to a file

pg_dump database_name > backup_file.sql



# Restore a PostgreSQL database from a backup file

psql database_name < backup_file.sql

```



[Back to top 🔝](#cli-commands-reference)



## Python Commands



```bash

# Run a python script

python python_script.py



# Install a package using pip

pip install package-name



# Install a specific version of a package

pip install package-name==1.2.3



# Uninstall a package

pip uninstall package-name



# List all installed packages

pip list



# Freeze installed packages into a requirements file

pip freeze > requirements.txt



# Install packages from a requirements file

pip install -r requirements.txt

```



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## Azure CLI Commands



```bash

# Login to Azure

az login



# Login with device code

az login --use-device-code



# Get the details of a subscription

az account show



# Get subscription ID

az account show --query id --output tsv



# List all subscriptions associated with your account

az account list --output table



# Set a specific subscription as default

az account set --subscription "SUBSCRIPTION_ID"



# List all resource groups

az group list --output table



# List location

az account list-locations

```



[Back to top 🔝](#cli-commands-reference)



## PowerShell Commands

```powershell

# Get the current directory

Get-Location



# List files in the current directory with details

Get-ChildItem -Force



# Create a new directory

New-Item -Path "C:\path\to\directory" -ItemType Directory



# Remove a file

Remove-Item -Path "C:\path\to\file.txt"



# Display a message in the console

Write-Host "This is a message displayed in the console."



# Copy a file

Copy-Item -Path "C:\source\file.txt" -Destination "C:\destination\file.txt"



# Move or rename a file

Move-Item -Path "C:\path\to\oldname.txt" -Destination "C:\path\to\newname.txt"



# Check the content of a file

Get-Content -Path "C:\path\to\file.txt"



# Write a line to a file (overwrites existing content)

Set-Content -Path "C:\path\to\file.txt" -Value "This is the first line."



# Append a line to a file

Add-Content -Path "C:\path\to\file.txt" -Value "This is an appended line."



# Search for a string in a file

Select-String -Path "C:\path\to\file.txt" -Pattern "search-string"



# Run a script with elevated privileges

Start-Process powershell -Verb runAs -ArgumentList "-File C:\path\to\script.ps1"



# Test network connection (ping)

Test-Connection google.com



# Download a file from a URL

Invoke-WebRequest -Uri "https://example.com/file.zip" -OutFile "C:\path\to\file.zip"



# Compress files into a ZIP archive

Compress-Archive -Path "C:\path\to\folder\*" -DestinationPath "C:\path\to\archive.zip"



# Extract files from a ZIP archive

Expand-Archive -Path "C:\path\to\archive.zip" -DestinationPath "C:\path\to\extract"



# Get system information

Get-ComputerInfo



# Check the status of a service

Get-Service -Name "ServiceName"



# Start a service

Start-Service -Name "ServiceName"



# Stop a service

Stop-Service -Name "ServiceName"



# Restart a service

Restart-Service -Name "ServiceName"



# List installed software

Get-WmiObject -Class Win32_Product | Select-Object -Property Name, Version

```

 

[Back to top 🔝](#cli-commands-reference)