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https://github.com/weiaicunzai/Bag_of_Tricks_for_Image_Classification_with_Convolutional_Neural_Networks

experiments on Paper <Bag of Tricks for Image Classification with Convolutional Neural Networks> and other useful tricks to improve CNN acc
https://github.com/weiaicunzai/Bag_of_Tricks_for_Image_Classification_with_Convolutional_Neural_Networks

image-classification pytorch

Last synced: 9 days ago
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experiments on Paper <Bag of Tricks for Image Classification with Convolutional Neural Networks> and other useful tricks to improve CNN acc

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# Bag of Tricks for Image Classification with Convolutional Neural Networks 



This repo was inspired by Paper [Bag of Tricks for Image Classification with Convolutional Neural Networks](https://arxiv.org/abs/1812.01187)



I would test popular training tricks as many as I can for improving image classification accuarcy, feel

free to leave a comment about the tricks you want me to test(please write the referenced paper along with

the tricks)



## hardware

Using 4 Tesla P40 to run the experiments



## dataset



I will use [CUB_200_2011](http://www.vision.caltech.edu/visipedia/CUB-200-2011.html) dataset instead of ImageNet,

just for simplicity, this is a fine-grained image classification dataset, which contains 200 birds categlories, 

5K+ training images, and 5K+ test images.The state of the art acc on vgg16 is around 73%(please correct me if 

I was wrong).You could easily change it to the ones you like: [Stanford Dogs](http://vision.stanford.edu/aditya86/ImageNetDogs/), [Stanford Cars](http://vision.stanford.edu/aditya86/ImageNetDogs/).

Or even ImageNet.



## network



Use a VGG16 network to test my tricks, also for simplicity reasons, since VGG16 is easy to implement. I'm considering

switch to AlexNet, to see how powerful these tricks are.



## tricks



tricks I've tested, some of them were from the Paper [Bag of Tricks for Image Classification with Convolutional Neural Networks](https://arxiv.org/abs/1812.01187) :



|trick|referenced paper|

|:---:|:---:|

|xavier init|[Understanding the difficulty of training deep feedforward neural networks](http://proceedings.mlr.press/v9/glorot10a/glorot10a.pdf)|

|warmup training|[Accurate, Large Minibatch SGD: Training ImageNet in 1 Hour](https://arxiv.org/abs/1706.02677v2)|

|no bias decay|[Highly Scalable Deep Learning Training System with Mixed-Precision: Training ImageNet in Four Minutes](https://arxiv.org/abs/1807.11205vx)|

|label smoothing|[Rethinking the inception architecture for computer vision](https://arxiv.org/abs/1512.00567v3))|

|random erasing|[Random Erasing Data Augmentation](https://arxiv.org/abs/1708.04896v2)|

|cutout|[Improved Regularization of Convolutional Neural Networks with Cutout](https://arxiv.org/abs/1708.04552v2)|

|linear scaling learning rate|[Accurate, Large Minibatch SGD: Training ImageNet in 1 Hour](https://arxiv.org/abs/1706.02677v2)|

|cosine learning rate decay|[SGDR: Stochastic Gradient Descent with Warm Restarts](https://arxiv.org/abs/1608.03983)|



**and more to come......**



## result



baseline(training from sctrach, no ImageNet pretrain weights are used): 



vgg16 64.60% on [CUB_200_2011](http://www.vision.caltech.edu/visipedia/CUB-200-2011.html) dataset, lr=0.01, batchsize=64



effects of stacking tricks 



|trick|acc|

|:---:|:---:|

|baseline|64.60%|

|+xavier init and warmup training|66.07%|

|+no bias decay|70.14%|

|+label smoothing|71.20%|

|+random erasing|does not work, drops about 4 points|

|+linear scaling learning rate(batchsize 256, lr 0.04)|71.21%|

|+cutout|does not work, drops about 1 point|

|+cosine learning rate decay|does not work, drops about 1 point|