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https://github.com/wtdcode/debianonqemu

Run out-of-box multiarch Debian system on QEMU via tcg emulation.
https://github.com/wtdcode/debianonqemu

arm debian emulation loongarch64 ppc qemu riscv64 s390x x86

Last synced: 23 days ago
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Run out-of-box multiarch Debian system on QEMU via tcg emulation.

Host: GitHub
URL: https://github.com/wtdcode/debianonqemu
Owner: wtdcode
Created: 2022-05-22T10:14:10.000Z (over 2 years ago)
Default Branch: master
Last Pushed: 2024-01-05T11:43:31.000Z (10 months ago)
Last Synced: 2024-01-06T12:54:48.887Z (10 months ago)
Topics: arm, debian, emulation, loongarch64, ppc, qemu, riscv64, s390x, x86
Homepage:
Size: 105 KB
Stars: 18
Watchers: 3
Forks: 5
Open Issues: 0
Metadata Files:
- Readme: README.md

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README

# DebianOnQEMU

Debian qcow2 multi-arch images on QEMU.

If this project helps you, please give it a star!

You may be also interested in the side project: [qemu-full](https://github.com/wtdcode/qemu-full)

## Quick Start

Download `vmlinuz`, `initrd` and `qcow2` image from the release page, and start your virtual machine with QEMU.

In most cases, you want to access the virtual machine via SSH, so don't forget to add a port forwarding or bridge your network interfaces.

Below are a few quick start command lines. Note the file names should be replaced by the ones you download.

### AMD64

```bash
docker run -p 5555:5555 -v `pwd`:/work --rm -it lazymio/qemu-full \
qemu-system-x86_64 -m 512 -kernel ./vmlinuz-5.10.0-13-amd64 \
-initrd ./initrd.img-5.10.0-13-amd64 \
-append "console=ttyS0 debug root=/dev/sda net.ifnames=0" \
-hda ./debian-bullseye-amd64.qcow2 -nographic \
-nic user,model=virtio-net-pci,hostfwd=tcp::5555-:22
```

## i386

```bash
docker run -p 5555:5555 -v `pwd`:/work --rm -it lazymio/qemu-full \
qemu-system-i386 -m 512 -kernel ./vmlinuz-5.10.0-26-686 \
-initrd ./initrd.img-5.10.0-26-686 \
-append "console=ttyS0 debug root=/dev/sda net.ifnames=0" \
-hda ./debian-bullseye-i386.qcow2 -nographic \
-nic user,model=virtio-net-pci,hostfwd=tcp::5555-:22
```

### ARM

```bash
docker run -p 5555:5555 -v `pwd`:/work --rm -it lazymio/qemu-full:v8.2.0 \
qemu-system-arm -m 512 -M virt -cpu cortex-a15 \
-kernel ./vmlinuz-5.10.0-26-armmp \
-initrd ./initrd.img-5.10.0-26-armmp \
-device virtio-blk-device,drive=hd0 \
-drive if=none,file=debian-bullseye-armhf-armmp.qcow2,id=hd0 \
-append "root=/dev/vda rw console=ttyAMA0 rodata=n net.ifnames=0" \
-device virtio-net-device,netdev=usernet \
-netdev user,id=usernet,hostfwd=tcp::5555-:22 -nographic
```

Refer to [QEMU ARM doc](https://wiki.qemu.org/Documentation/Platforms/ARM) for details.

### ARM64

```bash
docker run -p 5555:5555 -v `pwd`:/work --rm -it lazymio/qemu-full \
qemu-system-aarch64 -m 512 -M virt -cpu cortex-a57 -kernel ./vmlinuz-5.10.0-26-arm64 \
-initrd ./initrd.img-5.10.0-26-arm64 \
-append "console=ttyAMA0 debug root=/dev/sda net.ifnames=0" \
-hda ./debian-bullseye-arm64.qcow2 -nographic \
-nic user,model=virtio-net-pci,hostfwd=tcp::5555-:22
```

`cortext-a8` or `cortext-a9` are not supported.

### RISCV64

```bash
docker run -p 5555:5555 -v `pwd`:/work --rm -it lazymio/qemu-full \
qemu-system-riscv64 -m 512 -M virt -kernel ./vmlinux-6.6.8-riscv64\
-initrd ./initrd.img-6.6.8-riscv64 \
-append "rw console=ttyS0 debug root=/dev/vda net.ifnames=0" \
-device virtio-blk-device,drive=hd0 \
-object rng-random,filename=/dev/urandom,id=rng0 -device virtio-rng-device,rng=rng0 \
-drive file=./debian-bullseye-riscv64.qcow2,id=hd0 -nographic \
-device virtio-net-device,netdev=usernet -netdev user,id=usernet,hostfwd=tcp::5555-:22
```

Refer to [QEMU doc](https://wiki.qemu.org/Documentation/Platforms/RISCV) and [Debian doc](https://wiki.debian.org/RISC-V) for more configurations.

### S390x

```bash
docker run -p 5555:5555 -v `pwd`:/work --rm -it lazymio/qemu-full \
qemu-system-s390x -m 512 -machine s390-ccw-virtio -cpu max,zpci=on \
-kernel ./vmlinuz-5.10.0-26-s390x -initrd ./initrd.img-5.10.0-26-s390x \
-append "console=ttyAMA0 debug root=/dev/vda rw net.ifnames=0"\
-hda ./debian-bullseye-s390x.qcow2 \
-nographic -nic user,model=virtio,hostfwd=tcp::5555-:22
```

Refer to [QEMU doc](https://wiki.qemu.org/Documentation/Platforms/S390X) for details.

### PPC

```bash
docker run -p 5555:5555 -v `pwd`:/work --rm -it lazymio/qemu-full \
qemu-system-ppc64 -m 512 -cpu power9 -kernel ./vmlinux-5.10.0-26-powerpc64le \
-initrd ./initrd.img-5.10.0-26-powerpc64le \
-append "console=hvc0 debug root=/dev/sda net.ifnames=0" \
-hda ./debian-bullseye-ppc64el.qcow2 -nographic \
-nic user,model=virtio-net-pci,hostfwd=tcp::5555-:22
```

### MIPS

```bash
docker run -p 5555:5555 -v `pwd`:/work --rm -it lazymio/qemu-full \
qemu-system-mipsel -m 512 -M malta -kernel ./vmlinuz-5.10.0-26-4kc-malta \
-initrd ./initrd.img-5.10.0-26-4kc-malta \
-append "console=ttyAMA0 debug root=/dev/sda net.ifnames=0" \
-hda ./debian-bullseye-mipsel-malta.qcow2 -nographic \
-nic user,model=virtio-net-pci,hostfwd=tcp::5555-:22
```

```bash
docker run -p 5555:5555 -v `pwd`:/work --rm -it lazymio/qemu-full \
qemu-system-mips64el -m 512 -M malta -cpu 5KEc -kernel ./vmlinuz-5.10.0-26-5kc-malta \
-initrd ./initrd.img-5.10.0-26-5kc-malta \
-append "console=ttyAMA0 debug root=/dev/sda net.ifnames=0" \
-hda ./debian-bullseye-mips64el-malta.qcow2 \
-nographic -nic user,model=virtio-net-pci,hostfwd=tcp::5555-:22
```

### Loongarch64

So far, Loongarch64 Debian ports are [not complete](https://wiki.debian.org/Ports/loong64) but we can boot Loong Archlinux and run debian userland inside.

```bash
docker run -p 5555:5555 -v `pwd`:/work --rm -it lazymio/qemu-full:v8.2.0 \
qemu-system-loongarch64 -m 1024m -cpu la464-loongarch-cpu \
-M virt -append "console=ttyS0 rw debug root=/dev/vda" \
-kernel ./vmlinuz-loong64 -initrd ./initrd.img-loong64 \
-bios ./bios-loong64-8.1.bin \
-hda ./debian-bullseye-loong64.qcow2 --nographic \
-nic user,model=virtio-net-pci,hostfwd=tcp::5555-:22
```

After the system is up, SSH into it and use:

```
[root@debian-bullseye-loong64 ~]# cd /debian/
[root@debian-bullseye-loong64 debian]# chroot .
root@debian-bullseye-loong64:/# cat /etc/issue
Debian GNU/Linux trixie/sid \n \l

root@debian-bullseye-loong64:/# uname -a
Linux debian-bullseye-loong64 6.7.0-rc2-2 #1 SMP PREEMPT Mon, 27 Nov 2023 08:42:49 +0000 loongarch64 GNU/Linux
root@debian-bullseye-loong64:/# apt
apt 2.7.7 (loong64)
Usage: apt [options] command

apt is a commandline package manager and provides commands for
searching and managing as well as querying information about packages.
It provides the same functionality as the specialized APT tools,
like apt-get and apt-cache, but enables options more suitable for
interactive use by default.

Most used commands:
list - list packages based on package names
search - search in package descriptions
show - show package details
install - install packages
reinstall - reinstall packages
remove - remove packages
autoremove - automatically remove all unused packages
update - update list of available packages
upgrade - upgrade the system by installing/upgrading packages
full-upgrade - upgrade the system by removing/installing/upgrading packages
edit-sources - edit the source information file
satisfy - satisfy dependency strings

See apt(8) for more information about the available commands.
Configuration options and syntax is detailed in apt.conf(5).
Information about how to configure sources can be found in sources.list(5).
Package and version choices can be expressed via apt_preferences(5).
Security details are available in apt-secure(8).
This APT has Super Cow Powers.
root@debian-bullseye-loong64:/#
```

Or using a docker approach:

```bash
pacmam -Syu docker
mkdir -p /etc/docker
# This is important to avoid ip addresses conflicting with host's docker!
echo > /etc/docker/daemon.json < /debian/Dockerfile
echo "ADD . /" >> /debian/Dockerfile
cd /debian && docker build -t debian_rootfs .
docker run -it --rm debian_rootfs bash
```

Once Debian ports is available we can jump over ArchLinux and boot Debian directly.

## Usage

### SSH

Two users created: `root:root` and `debian:debian` and ssh server is up by default.

### Resize disk

On host:

```bash
qemu-img resize ./debian-bullseye-loong64.qcow2 16G
```

On emulated targets:

```bash
parted /dev/vda resizepart 1 100%
resize2fs /dev/vda
reboot
```