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https://github.com/zyushun/Adam-mini

Code for Adam-mini: Use Fewer Learning Rates To Gain More https://arxiv.org/abs/2406.16793
https://github.com/zyushun/Adam-mini

deep-learning large-language-models optimizer

Last synced: about 2 months ago
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Code for Adam-mini: Use Fewer Learning Rates To Gain More https://arxiv.org/abs/2406.16793

Host: GitHub
URL: https://github.com/zyushun/Adam-mini
Owner: zyushun
Created: 2024-06-22T12:34:53.000Z (6 months ago)
Default Branch: main
Last Pushed: 2024-10-30T11:30:59.000Z (2 months ago)
Last Synced: 2024-10-30T12:28:21.160Z (2 months ago)
Topics: deep-learning, large-language-models, optimizer
Language: Python
Homepage:
Size: 47.3 MB
Stars: 313
Watchers: 10
Forks: 10
Open Issues: 13
Metadata Files:
- Readme: README.md

Awesome Lists containing this project

StarryDivineSky - zyushun/Adam-mini - mini是 Adam 优化器的精简版本，它在保留与 AdamW 相当或更好的性能的同时，将内存占用减少了 50%。Adam-mini通过减少 Adam 中学习率资源（即 $1/\sqrt{v}$）来实现内存节省。它根据 Hessian 结构将参数划分为块，并为每个块分配一个最佳学习率，从而有效地减少了学习率资源。该项目提供了 Adam-mini 的 PyTorch 实现，并支持DDP、FSDP、DeepSpeed、Huggingface Trainer、Torchtitan 和 LLaMA-Factory 等框架。项目还提供了 GPT2 和 Llama 系列模型预训练的示例代码。 (其他_机器学习与深度学习)

README

# Adam-mini

**【Important notice!!!】** We are happy to anounce that we have updated Adam-mini to **version 1.1.0** in PyPI (see [here](https://pypi.org/project/adam-mini/)). This is a major update: based on more careful Hessian investigation of Transformers, we change the partition strategies for Values, attn_proj, MLPs, embedding, and the output layer. In particular, our new partition strategy for the embedding & output layer eliminates the need for Adam-mini to treat these these layers as special cases. As a result, Adam-mini now saves 50% memory over Adam for all models of any size (previously is 45% to 50% reduction for >1B models). The updated form of Adam-mini is shown in **Algorithm 1** and the paper will be updated accordingly very soon.

This repository contains the official PyTorch implementation of Adam-mini optimizer, a mini-version of Adam that achieves on-par or better performance than AdamW with **50%** less memory footprint.

Adam-mini reduces memory by cutting down the learning rate (lr) resources in Adam (i.e., $1/\sqrt{v}$): we argue that **>99.9%** of these lr in $v$ could be harmlessly removed if we:

(1) carefully partition the parameters into blocks following our proposed principle related to **Hessian structure**.
(2) assign a single **but good** lr to each parameter block.

We find a simple and effective way to reach these requirements. The resulting algorithm is shown below in **Algorithm 1**. Check out more detailed descriptions in our paper: [Adam-mini: Use Fewer Learning Rates To Gain More](https://arxiv.org/abs/2406.16793).

![](figures/adam-mini-v1.1.0.png)

## How to use

Install torch (>=1.8.0) and run the following commands.

```
pip install adam-mini
```

or if you prefer to import from source

```
git clone https://github.com/zyushun/Adam-mini
cd Adam-mini
pip install -e .
```

Then use Adam-mini optimizer as follows.

```
from adam_mini import Adam_mini

optimizer = Adam_mini(
named_parameters = model.named_parameters(),
lr = lr,
betas = (beta1,beta2),
eps = eps,
weight_decay = weight_decay,
dim = model_config.dim,
n_heads = model_config.n_heads,
n_kv_heads = model_config.n_kv_heads,
)

```

**Hyperparameter choices:** Regarding learning rate (lr), weight_decay, beta1, beta2, eps, we recommend using the same values as those used for AdamW.

If you are training Transformers, please also pass the following info to Adam-mini:

- dim: dimension for hidden feature. Could be unspecified if you are training non-transformer models.

- n_heads: number of attention heads. Could be unspecified if you are training non-transformer models.

- n_kv_heads: number of head for Key and Value. Or equivalently, number of query groups in Group query Attention. Also known as "n_query_groups". If is None, it will be the same value as n_head. Could be unspecified if you are training non-transformer models.

## Support

Our current implementation of Adam-mini supports popular distributed frameworks and codebase including:

1. DDP distributed framework
2. FSDP distributed framework
3. [DeepSpeed](https://github.com/microsoft/DeepSpeed)
4. [Hugginface Trainer](https://huggingface.co/docs/transformers/en/main_classes/trainer)
5. [Torchtitan](https://github.com/pytorch/torchtitan)
6. [LLaMA-Factory](https://github.com/hiyouga/LLaMA-Factory). Detailed usage instruction can be seen in [examples](https://github.com/hiyouga/LLaMA-Factory/blob/main/examples/README_zh.md)
7. More is coming! Do not hesitate to contact us if Adam-mini does not support your codebase!

## Examples

We here provide sample code on pre-training, SFT, and RLHF. You need 2xA800-80GB or 2xA100-80GB GPUs to run the experiments below.

### Example 1: GPT2 series Pre-training

We pre-train GPT2 series (125M-1.5B) using [NanoGPT](https://github.com/karpathy/nanoGPT) codebase under DDP framework. Install dependencies from pip:

```
conda env create -f gpt2/environment.yml
conda activate gpt2
cd examples/gpt2
```

Run the code for GPT2 pre-training:

```
bash run_gpt2.sh
```

You will get the following curves.

### Example 2: Llama series Pre-training

We here provide a sample code for pre-training Llama series (from 39M to 13B) using [Torchtitan](https://github.com/pytorch/torchtitan) code base under FSDP framework. We recommend using Torchtitan codebase as it will be much faster than NanoGPT codebase for processing the same amount of tokens.

Install dependence from pip (or please see the instructions from [Torchtitan](https://github.com/pytorch/torchtitan)):

```
cd examples/llama
pip install -r requirements.txt
pip3 install --pre torch==2.5.0.dev20240617 --index-url https://download.pytorch.org/whl/nightly/cu121 #or cu118
pip3 install --pre torchdata --index-url https://download.pytorch.org/whl/nightly
```

Download a tokenizer.model. Follow the instructions on the official [meta-llama](https://huggingface.co/meta-llama/Meta-Llama-3-8B) repository to ensure you have access to the Llama model weights. Once you have confirmed access, you can run the following command to download the Llama 3 / Llama 2 tokenizer to your local machine.

```
# Get your HF token from https://huggingface.co/settings/tokens

# llama3 tokenizer.model
python torchtitan/datasets/download_tokenizer.py --repo_id meta-llama/Meta-Llama-3-8B --tokenizer_path "original" --hf_token=...

# llama2 tokenizer.model
python torchtitan/datasets/download_tokenizer.py --repo_id meta-llama/Llama-2-13b-hf --hf_token=...
```

Change your data path in the configuration file (for instance, ./train_configs/llama3_8b_mini.toml). To debug, you can download the small dataset "c4_mini" via [GoogleDrive](https://drive.google.com/drive/folders/1B16KpuhUyz4p7mwc9xmRHuyCY37dAw-2?usp=sharing) and put it under the path "./torchtitan/datasets/c4_mini/".

```
dataset = "c4" #for debug can use "c4_mini"
dataset_path = "your_path/c4" #for debug can use "./torchtitan/datasets/c4_mini/"
```

Then we can kick off the training. For instance, you can train Llama models from 39M to 1B and reproduce our scaling-law experiments. You can train all models for a complete pre-training run by Chinchilla's law. The total running time would be about 300 GPU hours (we tested on 4*A800-80GB GPUs).

```
bash run_llama_2_scaling_law.sh
```

You can get the following curves (after changing x-axis into FLOPs and taking log)

After a complete pre-training run by Chinchilla's law, you will get the following the final validation perplexity.

In particular, the training curves of 1B model will look like the following.

You can also pre-train Llama3-8B and Llama2-13B using the folloiwng code.

```
bash run_llama_3_8b.sh
bash run_llama_2_13b.sh

#after creating the optimize
optimizer.wv_names = {} # For 8B and 13B experiments, we apply a single lr for Value and find it performs a bit better
```

You will get the following curves.

### Example 2: Llama2-7B Supervised Fine-tuning and RLHF

We fine-tune Llama2-7B using [ReMax](https://github.com/liziniu/ReMax) codebase under [DeepSpeed](https://github.com/microsoft/DeepSpeedExamples/tree/master/applications/DeepSpeed-Chat) framework. Install dependencies from pip:

```
conda env create -f RLHF/environment.yml
conda activate rlhf
cd examples/RLHF
```

Run the code for SFT with LoRA :

```
bash training_scripts/sft/run_sft_lora.sh
```

Run the code for full-parameter SFT :

```
bash training_scripts/sft/run_sft_full.sh
```

Run the code for reward model training in RLHF

```
bash training_scripts/reward/run_reward.sh
```

Run the code for reward optimization in RLHF using ReMax:

```
bash training_scripts/po/remax/run_remax.sh
```

You will get the following curves.

## Remarks

**How to use Adam-mini in Huggingface Trainer**. If you are using Huggingface Trainer, please overwrite "create_optimizer" as follows to change optimizer:

```
def create_optimizer(self) -> "torch.optim.Optimizer":
if self.optimizer is None:
if (self.finetuning_args.use_adammini):
self.optimizer = Adam_mini(
named_parameters = model.named_parameters(),
lr = lr,
betas = (beta1,beta2),
eps = eps,
weight_decay = weight_decay,
model_sharding = True,
dim = model_config.dim,
n_heads = model_config.n_heads,
n_kv_heads = model_config.n_kv_heads,
)
return super().create_optimizer()
```

**About checkpoint saving under FSDP:** If you are using FSDP distributed framework, we apologize that we still have unexpected error for saving checkpoints. We are working on it and will update soon.

**About CPU offload:** Our current implementation of Adam-mini supports CPU offload in FSDP, while it does not support CPU offload in DeepSpeed. Please turn off offload when using DeepSpeed. We will resolve this issue soon.

## Changelog

[24/06/26] We are online!

[24/07/21] We now support the Adam-mini by pip install

[24/08/09] We now support the Adam-mini in [LLaMA-Factory](https://github.com/hiyouga/LLaMA-Factory).

[24/09/04] We update Adam-mini to version 1.0.3 in PyPI (see [here](https://pypi.org/project/adam-mini/)). We deprecate the argument "model_sharding". We will assume that model parallelism is always used and "model_sharding" is always set True. We will remove this argument in the future version.

[24/09/18] We update Adam-mini to version 1.0.4 in PyPI (see [here](https://pypi.org/project/adam-mini/)). We add the argument "verbose" to allow manually mute the logs by Adam-mini. We support CPU-offload in FSDP.

[24/10/18] We update Adam-mini to version 1.1.0 in PyPI (see [here](https://pypi.org/project/adam-mini/)). This is a major update: we change the partition rules for attn_proj, MLPs, embedding, and the output layer. In particular, we design a new partition strategy for the embedding & output layer, and now Adam-mini no longer need to treat these two layers as special cases. As a result, Adam-mini now saves 50% memory over Adam for all models of any size (previously is 45% to 50% reduction for >1B models).

## Acknowledgements

1. The above code is heavily based on the codebase of [NanoGPT](https://github.com/karpathy/nanoGPT), [Torchtitan](https://github.com/pytorch/torchtitan), [ReMax](https://github.com/liziniu/ReMax), and [DeepSpeed](https://github.com/microsoft/DeepSpeedExamples/tree/master/applications/DeepSpeed-Chat).
2. We'd like to express our gratitude to [@lessw2020](https://github.com/lessw2020) and [@awgu](https://github.com/awgu) for the support on [Torchtitan](https://github.com/pytorch/torchtitan) and the great suggestions for refactoring the code of Adam-mini!
3. We'd like to express our gratitude to [@Mrw33554432](https://github.com/Mrw33554432) for the pull request to pip install!
4. We'd like to express our gratitude to [@relic-yuexi](https://github.com/relic-yuexi) for the pull request to [LLaMA-Factory](https://github.com/hiyouga/LLaMA-Factory)!
5. We'd like to express our gratitude to [@Ashwanth369](https://github.com/Ashwanth369) for the pull request to [Huggingface Transformers](https://github.com/huggingface/transformers)!
6. We'd like to express our gratitude to [@minienglish1](https://github.com/minienglish1) for the suggestions on CPU-offload ([Issue #28](https://github.com/zyushun/Adam-mini/issues/28))!

## Citation

If you find this code helpful, please cite our paper in the following format.

```
@article{zhang2024adam,
title = {Adam-mini: Use Fewer Learning Rates To Gain More},
author = {Zhang, Yushun and Chen, Congliang and Li, Ziniu and Ding, Tian and Wu, Chenwei and Ye, Yinyu and Luo, Zhi-Quan and Sun, Ruoyu},
booktitle = {arXiv preprint arXiv:2406.16793},
year = {2024},
}
```