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open-sustainable-technology

A directory and analysis of the open source ecosystem in the areas of climate change, sustainable energy, biodiversity and natural resources. https://docs.getgrist.com/doc/gSscJkc5Rb1Rw45gh1o1Yc
https://github.com/protontypes/open-sustainable-technology

Last synced: about 1 hour ago
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  • Atmosphere

    • Atmospheric Chemistry and Aerosol

      • Chemical Lagrangian Model of the Stratosphere - A world leader in simulating exchange processes in the atmosphere across transport barriers such as stratosphere-troposphere exchange.
      • GEOS-Chem - Advance understanding of human and natural influences on the environment through a comprehensive, state-of-the-science, readily accessible global model of atmospheric composition.
      • gcpy - A Python-based toolkit containing useful functions for working specifically with the GEOS-Chem model of atmospheric chemistry and composition.
      • PartMC - Particle-resolved Monte Carlo code for atmospheric aerosol simulation.
      • PyCHAM - CHemistry with Aerosol Microphysics in Python box model for Windows, Linux and Mac.
      • PyBox - A Python based box-model generator and simulator designed for atmospheric chemistry and aerosol studies.
      • MICM Chemistry - A unique chemistry module that can be implemented in any atmosphere model used at NCAR.
      • PySDM - Pythonic particle-based warm-rain/aqueous-chemistry cloud microphysics package.
      • pyrcel - An implementation of a simple, adiabatic cloud parcel model for use in aerosol-cloud interaction studies.
      • ORAC - An optimal estimation retrieval scheme for the estimation of aerosol and cloud properties from a wide range of visible-infrared imaging satellites, such as MODIS, AATSR, AVHRR and SEVIRI.
      • CAMP - Allows a given chemical mechanism to be solved in atmospheric models with different aerosol representations.
      • pyaerocom - An open international initiative of scientists interested in the advancement of the understanding of the global aerosol and its impact on climate.
      • py-smps - Python package for analyzing and visualizing size-resolved aerosol data from a variety of aerosol sizing instruments.
      • MONET - An open-source project and Python package that aims to create a common platform for atmospheric composition data analysis for weather and air quality models.
      • APCEMM - Aims to assess the chemical and microphysical perturbations introduced by a conventional aircraft, equipped with gas turbine engines.
      • EUREC4A Intake catalogue - Access to data from the EUREC4A field campaign, which aims to improve the understanding of the interplay between clouds, convection and circulation and their role in climate change.
      • dwarf-p-cloudsc - Standalone mini-app of the ECMWF cloud microphysics parameterization.
      • UWLCM - A tool for numerical modeling of clouds using LES model of turbulence and Lagrangian cloud microphysics.
      • CLEO - A library for Super-Droplet Model (SDM) cloud microphysics.
      • CloudnetPy - A Python software designed for producing vertical profiles of cloud properties from ground-based remote sensing measurements.
      • tobac - A Python package for identifiying, tracking and analysing of clouds and other meteorological phenomena in different types of gridded datasets.
      • Particula - An Python-based aerosol simulator. Particula captures gas-particle interactions, transformations, and dynamics to power predictive aerosol science.
      • SSH-aerosol - This model represents the physico chemical transformation undergone by aerosols in the troposphere.
      • ACTRIS Cloudnet data portal - Provides a data processing and curation service for ground-based cloud remote sensing measurements.
      • F0AM - Framework for 0-D Atmospheric Modeling.
      • PyFLEXTRKR - A Flexible Feature Tracking Python Software for Convective Cloud Analysis.
      • AtChem2 - Primarily designed to use the Master Chemical Mechanism, a near-explicit chemical mechanism which describes the gas-phase oxidation of volatile organic compounds in the lower atmosphere.
      • MELODIES MONET - A modular framework that integrates existing and future diverse atmospheric chemistry observational datasets with chemistry model results for the evaluation of air quality and atmospheric composition.
      • MUSICA - A collection of modeling software, tools, and grids, that allow for robust modeling of chemistry in Earth's atmosphere.
      • CloudMicrophysics.jl - Provides a library of cloud microphysics and aerosol parameterizations for the CliMA Earth System Model.
    • Atmospheric Composition and Dynamics

      • Freva - A data search and analysis platform developed by the atmospheric science community for the atmospheric science community.
      • qgs - Models the dynamics of a 2-layer quasi-geostrophic channel atmosphere on a beta-plane, coupled to a simple land or shallow-water ocean component.
      • pyglow - A Python module that wraps several upper atmosphere climatological models written in FORTRAN.
      • Mission Support System - A collaboration server to plan atmospheric research flights.
      • MiMA - Model of an idealized Moist Atmosphere: Intermediate-complexity General Circulation Model with full radiation.
      • Isca - A framework for the idealized modeling of the global circulation of planetary atmospheres at varying levels of complexity and realism.
      • pyvortex - Equivalent Latitude and polar vortex edge calculation using Nash criteria.
      • ClimaAtmos.jl - A library for building atmospheric circulation models that is designed from the outset to leverage data assimilation and machine learning tools.
      • WaveBreaking - A Python package that provides detection, classification and tracking of Rossby Wave Breaking in weather and climate data.
      • typhon - A collection of tools for atmospheric research with Python 3.
      • Pace - A implementation of the FV3GFS / SHiELD atmospheric model developed by NOAA/GFDL using the GT4Py domain-specific language in Python.
      • Project Horus - A Amateur Radio High Altitude Ballooning project.
      • ANEMOI - Large-eddy simulation code written in CUDA Fortran for simulating atmospheric boundary layer flows.
      • CIS - An open source command-line tool for easy collocation, visualization, analysis, and comparison of diverse gridded and ungridded datasets used in the atmospheric science.
      • EMC² - An open source framework for atmospheric model and observational column comparison.
      • Unidata Science Gateway - Provide the academic and research community an environment they can employ to access, analyze and visualize real-time and case study Earth system science data.
      • SounderPy - A Python package that helps you to access and plot vertical profile data for meteorological analysis.
      • SHARPpy - A collection of open source sounding and hodograph analysis routines, a sounding plotting package, and an interactive, cross-platform application for analyzing real-time soundings all written in Python.
      • AC_tools - Contains functions and scripts used for working with atmospheric model output and observational data.
      • ACT - The Atmospheric data Community Toolkit is an open source Python toolkit for working with atmospheric time-series datasets of varying dimensions.
      • SpeedyWeather.jl - A global spectral atmospheric model with simple physics which is developed as a research playground with an everything-flexible attitude as long as it is speedy.
      • A-Profiles - A Python library dedicated to the analysis of atmospheric profilers measurements.
      • LROSE - The Lidar Radar Open Software Environment for Atmospheric Science.
      • CalibrateEDMF.jl - Calibrate atmospheric turbulence and convection parameterizations using gradient-free ensemble Kalman methods.
      • jsmetrics - An open-source Python package containing implementations of various statistics and algorithms which have been developed to identify or characterise jet streams.
      • pySonde - Converts Vaisala's radiosonde files (mwx) to netCDF4 and interpolates them if needed to a common height grid for easier processing.
      • TurbulenceConvection.jl - Provides a framework for testing parameterizations of clouds and turbulence.
      • xinvert - A Python package to invert or solve many classical problems in atmospheric sciences and physical oceanography.
      • ACE - A 200M-parameter, autoregressive machine learning emulator of an existing comprehensive 100-km resolution global atmospheric model.
      • Pace - An implementation of the FV3GFS / SHiELD atmospheric model developed by NOAA/GFDL using the NDSL middleware in Python, itself based on GT4Py and DaCe.
      • Aurora - An atmospheric foundation machine learning model initially trained on vast amounts of data to predict atmospheric variables like temperature, which can then be adapted to specialized atmospheric forecasting tasks with relatively little additional data.
      • AtmoRep - A stochastic model of atmosphere dynamics using large scale representation learning.
      • MWRpy - A Python software to process RPG Microwave Radiometer data and is developed at the University of Cologne, Germany as part of the Aerosol, Clouds and Trace Gases Research Infrastructure (ACTRIS).
      • ANEMOI - An open-source, Python-based framework developed collaboratively by ECMWF and several European national meteorological services. It is designed to facilitate the development, training, and deployment of machine learning (ML) models for weather forecasting. As an 'end to end' framework, it provides a comprehensive toolkit that spans data preparation, model training, and inference, enabling meteorological organizations to leverage their own data for ML-based weather prediction.
      • Breeze.jl - Limited area LES-to-mesoscale atmosphere simulations based on Oceananigans.
      • giverny - Library for querying the Johns Hopkins Turbulence Database.
      • FastEddy - Leverage fast, energy-efficient GPU computing to expand LES use in research and enable microscale and multiscale turbulence-resolving boundary-layer modeling for local weather prediction and practical science and engineering applications.
      • LFRic - Home to the LFRic-based science applications and libraries such as the Momentum® Atmosphere model application and the GungHo dynamical core.
      • MicroHH - A computational fluid dynamics code designed to simulate turbulent flows in the atmosphere using the Direct Numerical Simulation and Large-Eddy Simulation techniques.
      • EMC² - An open source framework for atmospheric model and observational column comparison.
      • Freva - A data search and analysis platform developed by the atmospheric science community for the atmospheric science community.
    • Atmospheric Dispersion and Transport

      • MPTRAC - A Lagrangian particle dispersion model for the analysis of atmospheric transport processes in the free troposphere and stratosphere.
      • GRAL - A Lagrangian dispersion model with reasonable demands on computational times and sensible accuracy.
      • SNAP - A lagrangian type atmospheric dispersion model specialized on modelling dispersion of radioactive debris.
      • GasDispersion.jl - A set of tools for atmospheric dispersion modeling of gaseous releases, such as might occur during an emergency at a chemical plant or more routinely from a stack.
      • CloudDrift - Accelerates the use of Lagrangian data for atmospheric, oceanic, and climate sciences.
      • IPART - A Python package for automated Atmospheric River (AR) detection, axis finding and AR tracking from gridded Integrated Vapor Transport data.
      • WAM2layers - Used to determine where precipitation originally evaporated (backtracking), or where evaporated moisture eventually ends up (forward tracking).
      • Flexpart - A Lagrangian transport and dispersion model suitable for the simulation of a large range of atmospheric transport processes.
    • Meteorological Observation and Forecast

      • AMBS - The Atmopsheric Machine Learning Benchmarking System aims to provide state-of-the-art video prediction methods applied to the meteorological domain.
      • WRaINfo - A software for real-time weather radar data processing, specifically designed for X-band weather radars of FURUNO.
      • windrose - A graphic tool used by meteorologists to give a succinct view of how wind speed and direction are typically distributed at a particular location.
      • METplus - A verification framework that spans a wide range of temporal (warn-on-forecast to climate) and spatial (storm to global) scales.
      • WRF-ARW - The official repository for the Weather Research and Forecasting model.
      • wrf-python - A collection of diagnostic and interpolation routines for use with output from the Weather Research and Forecasting Model.
      • Open-Meteo - Global weather API for non-commercial use with hourly weather forecast.
      • stationaRy - Get hourly meteorological data from one of thousands of global stations.
      • weathercan - This package makes it easier to search for and download multiple months/years of historical weather data from the Environment and Climate Change Canada (ECCC) website.
      • metR - Several functions and utilities that make R better for handling meteorological data in the tidy data paradigm.
      • climate - The goal of the climate R package is to automatize downloading of meteorological and hydrological data from publicly available repositories.
      • rdwd - An R package to select, download and read climate data from the German Weather Service.
      • MetPy - A collection of tools in Python for reading, visualizing and performing calculations with weather data.
      • wetterdienst - Trying to make access to weather data in Python feel like a warm summer breeze.
      • AWIPS - The Advanced Weather Interactive Processing System is a meteorological display and analysis package originally developed by the National Weather Service and Raytheon.
      • Metview Python bindings - Python interface to Metview, a meteorological workstation and batch system for accessing, examining, manipulating and visualising meteorological data.
      • Herbie - A Python package that downloads recent and archived numerical weather prediction model output from different cloud archive sources.
      • MEWS - A Python package designed to add extreme weather events to existing weather data or projections.
      • eeweather - Fetch NCDC ISD, TMY3, or CZ2010 weather data that corresponds to ZIP Code Tabulation Areas or Latitude/Longitude.
      • met.3D - Interactive three-dimensional visualization of numerical ensemble weather predictions and similar numerical atmospheric model datasets.
      • agera5tools - Tools for mirroring, manipulating and serving Global Weather for Agriculture data (AgERA5).
      • MeteoInfo - GIS and scientific computation environment for meteorological community.
      • thundeR - Rapid computation and visualisation of convective parameters from rawinsonde and Numerical weather prediction data.
      • AtmoSwing - Allow predicting local meteorological variables of interest, such as the daily precipitation, based on synoptic variables.
      • ufs-weather-model - Contains the model code and external links needed to build the Unified Forecast System atmosphere model and associated components, including the WaveWatch III model.
      • WeatherBench 2 - A framework for evaluating and comparing data-driven and traditional numerical weather forecasting models.
      • MeteoHist - A Streamlit app to create interactive temperature and precipitation graphs for places around the world.
      • ecPoint-Calibrate - A software that uses conditional verification tools to compare numerical weather prediction model outputs against point observations and, in this way, anticipate sub-grid variability and identify biases at grid scale.
      • imdlib - Download and handle binary grided data from Indian Meterological department.
      • MetNet - A neural network that forecasts precipitation up to 8 hours into the future at the high spatial resolution of 1 km² and at the temporal resolution of 2 minutes with a latency in the order of second.
      • jmastats - Download Weather Data from Japan Meteorological Agency Website.
      • pyIEM - A collection of Python support things that make my weather processing work, work.
      • forest - Forecast and Observation Research and Evaluation Survey Tool.
      • gis4wrf - A free and open source QGIS plug-in to help researchers and practitioners with their Advanced Research Weather Research and Forecasting modeling workflows.
      • Weather Stations - A list of public weather stations everyone can edit and share.
      • GEMPAK - Analysis and product generation for meteorological data.
      • PostWRF - Visualization and postprocessing of the WRF and ERA5 data.
      • GraphCast - Learning skillful medium-range global weather forecasting.
      • Graph Weather - Data-driven approach for forecasting global weather using graph neural network.
      • brightsky - A JSON API for Germany's meteorological service as part of their Open Data program.
      • IEM - A website that provides weather data and forecasts for Iowa and the world.
      • IMPROVER - A library of algorithms for meteorological post-processing and verification.
      • OpenCastKit - Open-source solutions of global data-driven high-resolution weather forecasting.
      • MSC AniMet - A simple tool enabling users to interact with MSC Open Data weather data and create custom weather animations for any area in the world.
      • ifk-smhi - Python interface to the Swedish Meteorological and Hydrological Institute, which provides climate and weather data.
      • riem - Allows to get weather data from ASOS airports stations all around the globe.
      • PyCINRAD - Decode CINRAD (China New Generation Weather Radar) data and visualize.
      • Py-ART - A data model driven interactive toolkit for working with weather radar data.
      • eccodes - The primary GRIB encoding/decoding package used at European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts used in meteorology to store historical and forecast weather data.
      • magics - Plotting package to visualise meteorological data in GRIB, NetCDF, BUFR and ODB format.
      • agweather-qaqc - Flexible, command-line-driven software to quality control daily weather data and then calculate reference evapotranspiration.
      • metloom - A Python library created with the goal of consistent, simple sampling of meteorology and snow related point measurments from a variety of datasources across the Western US.
      • fmi-weather-client - Simple client library for fetching weather information from Finnish Meteorological Institute.
      • gridwxcomp - A package for comparing weather station data to gridded weather data that are hosted on Google Earth Engine.
      • Skyrim - Allows you to run any large weather model with a consumer grade GPU.
      • Neural-LAM - A repository of graph-based neural weather prediction models for Limited Area Modeling.
      • OPENSENSE software sandbox - Collection of runable examples with software packages for processing opportunistic rainfall sensors.
      • Prithvi WxC - Foundation model for weather and climate, that employs an encoder-decoder-based architecture, incorporating concepts from various recent transformer models to effectively capture both regional and global dependencies in the input data.
      • CRA5 - Extreme Compression of ERA5 for Portable Global Climate and Weather Research via an Efficient Variational Transformer.
      • flux-data-qaqc - Provides a framework to create reproducible workflows for validation and analysis of eddy covariance data.
      • cloudcasting - Tooling and infrastructure to enable cloud nowcasting.
      • dwd_weather - Deutscher Wetterdienst integration for Home-Assistant.
      • WRFtailor - Tailoring and modification of the WRF model input data.
      • Extreme Weather Bench - Builds on the successful work of WeatherBench and introduces a set of high-impact weather events, spanning across multiple spatial and temporal scales and different parts of the weather spectrum.
      • StationBench - A Python library for benchmarking weather forecasts against weather station data. It provides tools to calculate metrics, visualize results, and compare different forecast models.
      • WeatherGenerator - A machine learning-based Earth system models that is trained on a wide range of datasets, including reanalyses, forecast data and observations, to provide a robust and versatile model for the dynamics.
      • CREDIT - An open software platform to train and deploy AI atmospheric prediction model.
      • eva3dm - An R-package focusing on EVAluation of 3D weather and air quality Models, streamlining the entire workflow from data preparation to post-processing, statistical analysis, and visualization.
      • WeatherLayers GL - Weather Visualization Layers and Controls for deck.gl.
      • pyrad - A Python-based, open-source framework for real-time and offline processing and visualization of weather radar data from diverse radar networks and formats, developed by MeteoSwiss and MeteoFrance.
      • reformatters - Reformat weather datasets into Zarr.
      • Breezy Weather - A feature-rich weather app with good visualizations and more than 50 sources.
      • MetObs-toolkit - Provides a comprehensive framework for scientists to process, quality control, and analyze raw meteorological data.
      • Verif - A command-line tool that lets you verify the quality of weather forecasts for point locations.
      • ClimWeb - Wagtail based Open Source Content Management System for National Meteorological and Hydrological Services in Africa.
      • eeweather - Fetch NCDC ISD, TMY3, or CZ2010 weather data that corresponds to ZIP Code Tabulation Areas or Latitude/Longitude.
      • wradlib - Designed to assist you in the most important steps of processing weather radar data.
      • xradar - A tool to work in weather radar data in xarray.
      • PyDDA - Designed to retrieve wind kinematics in precipitation storm systems from one or more Doppler weather radars using three dimensional data assimilation.
    • Radiative Transfer

      • libRadtran - A collection of C and Fortran functions and programs for calculation of solar and thermal radiation in the Earth's atmosphere.
      • lowtran - Atmospheric absorption extinction, scatter and irradiance model in Python and Matlab.
      • vSmartMOM.jl - A full end-to-end modular software suite for radiative transfer and related atmospheric analysis.
      • libRadtran - A collection of C and Fortran functions and programs for calculation of solar and thermal radiation in the Earth's atmosphere.
      • ARTS - A radiative transfer model for the millimeter and sub-millimeter spectral range.
      • Py6S - A Python interface to the 6S Radiative Transfer Model.
      • RTE+RRTMGP - A set of codes for computing radiative fluxes in planetary atmospheres.
      • LBLRTM - Line-By-Line Radiative Transfer Model is an accurate and efficient line-by-line radiative transfer model derived from the Fast Atmospheric Signature Code.
      • RRTMGP.jl - A Julia implementation of Rapid and accurate Radiative Transfer Model for General Circulation Models.
      • Eradiate - A next-generation radiative transfer model for Earth observation applications.
      • Juelich Rapid Spectral Simulation Code - The Juelich Rapid Spectral Simulation Code (JURASSIC) is a fast infrared radiative transfer model for the analysis of atmospheric remote sensing measurements.
      • Tenstream - A 3D radiative transfer solver for earth system models.
      • reflective-potential - An empirical analysis of Earth's annual-average surface reflectivity potential.
      • radis - A fast line-by-line code for high-resolution infrared molecular spectra.
      • pyOSOAA - A Python interface for the Ocean Successive Orders with Atmosphere radiative transfer.
      • ECRAD - A radiation scheme suitable for use in atmospheric weather and climate models.
      • RT1 - A first order radiative transfer model for soil- and vegetation related parameter retrievals from radar-data.
      • libRadtran - A collection of C and Fortran functions and programs for calculation of solar and thermal radiation in the Earth's atmosphere.
      • WOUDC Data Registry - A platform that manages Ozone and Ultraviolet Radiation data in support of the World Ozone and Ultraviolet Radiation Data Centre (WOUDC), one of six World Data Centres as part of the Global Atmosphere Watch programme of the WMO.
      • SASKTRAN2 - A user-friendly atmospheric radiative transfer model from the University of Saskatchewan, redesigned for efficient hyperspectral calculations and full weighting function support.
      • konrad - A one-dimensional radiative-convective equilibrium model.
      • libRadtran - A collection of C and Fortran functions and programs for calculation of solar and thermal radiation in the Earth's atmosphere.
      • PAMTRA - Solve the passive and active microwave radiative transfer in a plan parallel horizontally homogeneous atmosphere with hydrometeors.
  • Biosphere

    • Avian Monitoring and Analysis

      • BirdFlowR - Predict changes in bird distributions and generate synthetic migration routes.
      • ebirdst - Access and Analyze eBird Status and Trends Data.
      • GeoPressureR - R package which help researchers construct the trajectory of a bird equiped with an atmospheric pressure sensor.
      • bioRad - R package for analysis and visualisation of biological signals in weather radar data.
      • BirdNET-Analyzer - A deep learning solution for avian diversity monitoring.
      • ABAP - Code for downloading and working with data from the African Bird Atlas Project.
      • palmerpenguins - The palmerpenguins data contains size measurements for three penguin species observed on three islands in the Palmer Archipelago, Antarctica.
      • auk - eBird Data Extraction and Processing in R.
      • motus - An R package for processing automated radio telemetry data from Motus, an international collaborative research network that uses coordinated automated radio telemetry to facilitate research and education on the ecology and conservation of migratory animals.
      • eBird API - eBird API provides a set of wrapper functions for accessing the end-points in the eBird API 2.0.
      • naturecounts - R package to access data from the NatureCounts platform by Bird Studies Canada.
      • bbsBayes2 - An R Package for Hierarchical Bayesian Analysis of North American Breeding Bird Survey Data.
      • birdnet - The library is geared towards providing a robust workflow for ecological data analysis in bioacoustic projects.
      • Nighthawk - A machine learning model for acoustic monitoring of nocturnal bird migration.
      • GenoFLU - Bird influenza data pipeline to automate genotyping assignment.
      • BirdNET-Analyzer - A deep learning solution for avian diversity monitoring.
      • nestwatchR - Provide a collection of functions to aid in accessing and analyzing the wealth of nesting data contained in the NestWatch database.
      • palmerpenguins - The palmerpenguins data contains size measurements for three penguin species observed on three islands in the Palmer Archipelago, Antarctica.
    • Bioacoustics and Acoustic Data Analysis

      • vak - A neural network framework for animal acoustic communication and bioacoustics.
Sub Categories
Energy System Modeling Frameworks 114 Water Supply and Quality 101 Freshwater and Hydrology 97 Mobility and Transportation 91 Agriculture and Nutrition 86 Soil and Land 84 Climate Data Processing and Analysis 81 Buildings and Heating 80 Photovoltaics and Solar Energy 80 Meteorological Observation and Forecast 79 Emission Observation and Modeling 74 Computation and Communication 70 Marine Life and Fishery 70 Earth and Climate Modeling 69 Data Catalogs and Interfaces 68 Natural Hazard and Storms 61 Ocean and Hydrology Data Access 58 Wind Energy 52 Climate Data Access and Visualization 51 Energy Data Accessibility and Integration 50 Life Cycle Assessment 44 Knowledge Platforms 43 Atmospheric Composition and Dynamics 41 Air Quality 41 Glacier and Ice Sheets 40 Battery 40 Carbon Intensity and Accounting 40 Biodiversity Data Access and Management 40 Grid Analysis and Planning 38 Curated Lists 37 Forest Remote Sensing 37 Circular Economy and Waste 34 Integrated Assessment and Climate Policy 33 Plants and Vegetation 32 Terrestrial Wildlife 31 Atmospheric Chemistry and Aerosol 30 Environmental Satellites 30 Biodiversity Analysis and Metrics 28 Species Distribution Modeling 28 Ocean Models 26 Sustainable Investment 26 Wildfire 25 Renewable Energy Integration 24 Conservation and Restoration 23 Global and Regional Energy System Models 23 Radiative Transfer 23 Coastal and Reefs 22 Forest Observation and Management 22 Building Energy Monitoring 22 Forest Modeling and Analysis 20 Deforestation and Reforestation 20 Grid Management and Microgrid 20 Bioacoustics and Acoustic Data Analysis 20 Taxonomy and Ontology 19 Ocean Carbon and Temperature 19 Avian Monitoring and Analysis 18 Ecological and Environmental Modeling 17 Climate Data Standards 17 Geothermal Energy 16 Hydro Energy 16 Sea Ice 16 Energy Markets 15 Snow and Permafrost 15 Climate Downscaling 15 Biodiversity Data Cleaning and Standardization 13 Waves and Currents 13 Input Output Model 12 Load and Demand Forecasting 12 Biodiversity Citizen Science 12 Carbon Capture 11 Hydrogen 11 Carbon Offsets and Trading 11 Sustainable Development Goals 11 Population and Poverty 10 Biomass 10 Atmospheric Dispersion and Transport 8 Bioenergy 6 Production and Industry 5 Ecotoxicology 5 Energy Policy 4 Energy System Data Access 3 Energy Modeling and Optimization 2 Energy Distribution and Grids 2 Regional Energy System Models 1 Ocean Circulation Models 1 Water Supply 1