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A collection of awesome researchers and papers about disaggregated memory.
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A collection of awesome researchers and papers about disaggregated memory.

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# Awesome Disaggregated Memory
A list of awesome researchers and papers about disaggregated memory.

- [Awesome Disaggregated Memory](#awesome-disaggregated-memory)
- [Researchers](#researchers)
- [Papers](#papers)
- [Survey/Vision Papers](#surveyvision-papers)
- [OS](#os)
- [Software/Language Runtime](#softwarelanguage-runtime)
- [Data structures](#data-structures)
- [Storage Systems](#storage-systems)
- [Databases](#databases)
- [Hardware](#hardware)
- [Applications](#applications)
- [Industrial Practices](#industrial-practices)
- [Contribute](#contribute)

# Researchers
- [Harry Xu](http://web.cs.ucla.edu/~harryxu/)
- [Kimberly Keeton](https://scholar.google.com/citations?hl=en&user=wR_tv-kAAAAJ&view_op=list_works&sortby=pubdate)
- [Marcos Aguilera](http://mkaguilera.kawazoe.org/)
- [Asaf Cidon](https://www.asafcidon.com/)
- [Mosharaf Chowdhury](https://www.mosharaf.com/)
- [Anurag Khandelwal](https://www.anuragkhandelwal.com/)
- [Yiying Zhang](https://cseweb.ucsd.edu/~yiying/)
- [Pengfei Zuo](http://pfzuo.github.io/homepage/)
- [Yizhou Shan](http://lastweek.io/)
- [Chenxi Wang](http://web.cs.ucla.edu/~wangchenxi/)
- [Qizhen Zhang](https://qizhenzhang.me/)
- [Huaicheng Li](https://huaicheng.github.io/)

# Papers
## Survey/Vision Papers
| Year | Conf. | Paper | Code |
| ---- | ---------- | ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ | ---- |
| 2019 | WORD | [Exploring the Disaggregated Memory Interface Design Space](http://word19.ece.cornell.edu/word19-paper8-camera.pdf) | |
| 2019 | ICDCS | [Memmory Disaggregation: Research Problems and Opportunities](https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/iel7/8867821/8884790/08885074.pdf) | |
| 2022 | APSys | [Towards a Fully Disaggregated and Programmable Data Center](https://dl.acm.org/doi/abs/10.1145/3546591.3547527) | |
| 2023 | HotOS | [Skadi: Building a Distributed Runtime for Data Systems in Disaggregated Data Centers](https://dl.acm.org/doi/10.1145/3593856.3595897) | |
| 2023 | SIGOPS OSR | [Memory Disaggregation: Why Now and What are the Challenges](https://dl.acm.org/doi/abs/10.1145/3606557.3606563) | |
| 2023 | SIGOPS OSR | [Make It Real: An End-to-End Implementation of A Physically Disaggregated Data Center](https://cseweb.ucsd.edu/~yiying/SIGOPS-OSR-Yiying-Disaggregation.pdf) | |

## OS
| Year | Conf. | Paper | Code |
| ---- | ------- | ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ | -------------------------------------------------- |
| 2012 | HPCA | [System-Level Implications of Disaggregated Memory](http://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/6168955/) | |
| 2017 | NSDI | [Efficient Memory Disaggregation with INFINISWAP](https://www.usenix.org/conference/nsdi17/technical-sessions/presentation/gu) | [link](https://github.com/SymbioticLab/Infiniswap) |
| 2018 | ATC | [Remote regions: a simple abstraction for remote memory](https://www.usenix.org/system/files/conference/atc18/atc18-aguilera.pdf) | |
| 2018 | EuroSys | [Welcome to Zombieland: Practical and Energy-Efficient Memory Disaggregation in a Datacenter](https://dl.acm.org/doi/10.1145/3190508.3190537) | |
| 2018 | OSDI | [LegoOS: A Disseminated, Distributed OS for Hardware Resource Disaggregation](https://www.usenix.org/conference/osdi18/presentation/shan) | [link](https://github.com/WukLab/LegoOS) |
| 2019 | EuroSys | [Can Far Memory Improve Job Throughput?](https://dl.acm.org/doi/abs/10.1145/3342195.3387522) | |
| 2020 | ATC | [Effectively Prefetching Remote Memory with Leap](https://www.usenix.org/conference/atc20/presentation/al-maruf) | |
| 2022 | SIGMOD | [Optimizing Data-Intensive Systems in Disaggregated Data Centers with TELEPORT](https://dl.acm.org/doi/abs/10.1145/3514221.3517856) | [link](https://github.com/eniac/TELEPORT) |
| 2022 | EuroSys | [Slashing the Disaggregation Tax in Heterogeneous Data Centers with FractOS](https://dl.acm.org/doi/abs/10.1145/3492321.3519569) | |
| 2022 | FAST | [Hydra: Resilient and Highly Available Remote Memory](https://www.usenix.org/conference/fast22/presentation/lee) | [link](https://github.com/SymbioticLab/hydra) |
| 2023 | OSDI | [Karma: Resource Allocation for Dynamic Demands](https://www.usenix.org/conference/osdi23/presentation/vuppalapati) | |
| 2023 | ASPLOS | [TPP: Transparent Page Placement for CXL-Enabled Tiered Memory](https://dl.acm.org/doi/10.1145/3582016.3582063) | |
| 2023 | EuroSys | [DiLOS: Do Not Trade Compatibility for Performance Memory Disaggregation](https://dl.acm.org/doi/abs/10.1145/3552326.3567488) | |
| 2023 | NSDI | [Canvas: Isolated and Adaptive Swapping for Multi-Applications on Remote Memory](https://www.usenix.org/conference/nsdi23/presentation/wang-chenxi) | [link](https://github.com/uclasystem/canvas) |
| 2023 | NSDI | [Hermit: Low-Latency, High-Throughput, and Transparent Remote Memory via Feedback-Directed Asynchrony](https://www.usenix.org/conference/nsdi23/presentation/qiao) | [link](https://github.com/uclasystem/hermit) |
| 2023 | SOSP | [Mira: A Program-Behavior-Guided Far Memory System]() | |
| 2023 | HotOS | [Prefetching Using Principles of Hippocampal-Neocortical Interaction](https://www.anuragkhandelwal.com/papers/cls.pdf) | |
| 2023 | HPCA | [HoPP: Hardware-Software Co-Designed Page Prefetching for Disaggregated Memory](https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/10070986) | |
| 2023 | DATE | [MARB: Bridge the Semantic Gap between Operating System and Application Memory Access Behavior](https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/abstract/document/10137018) | |
| 2024 | FAST | [TeRM: Extending RDMA-Attached Memory with SSD](https://www.usenix.org/conference/fast24/presentation/yang-zhe) | [link](https://github.com/thustorage/TeRM) |
| 2024 | OSDI | [Nomad: Non-Exclusive Memory Tiering via Transactional Page Migration](https://www.usenix.org/conference/osdi24/presentation/xiang) | |
| 2024 | OSDI | [Managing Memory Tiers with CXL in Virtualized Environments](https://www.usenix.org/conference/osdi24/presentation/zhong-yuhong) | |
| 2024 | ATC | [UniMem: Redesigning Disaggregated Memory within A Unified Local-Remote Memory Hierarchy](https://www.usenix.org/conference/atc24/presentation/zhong) | [link](https://github.com/yijieZ/UniMem) |
| 2024 | ATC | [FlexMem: Adaptive Page Profiling and Migration for Tiered Memory](https://www.usenix.org/conference/atc24/presentation/xu-dong) | [link](https://github.com/PASAUCMerced/FlexMem) |

## Software/Language Runtime
| Year | Conf. | Paper | Code |
| ---- | ------- | ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- | -------------------------------------------------- |
| 2020 | OSDI | [AIFM: High-Performance, Application-Integrated Far Memory](https://www.usenix.org/conference/osdi20/presentation/ruan) | [link](https://github.com/AIFM-sys/AIFM) |
| 2020 | OSDI | [Semeru: A Memory-Disaggregated Managed Runtime](https://www.usenix.org/conference/osdi20/presentation/wang) | [link](https://github.com/uclasystem/Semeru) |
| 2022 | OSDI | [MemLiner: Lining up Tracing and Application for a Far-Memory-Friendly Runtime](https://www.usenix.org/conference/osdi22/presentation/wang) | [link](https://github.com/uclasystem/MemLiner) |
| 2022 | OSDI | [Carbink: Fault-Tolerant Far Memory](https://www.usenix.org/conference/osdi22/presentation/zhou-yang) | |
| 2022 | PLDI | [Mako: a low-pause, high-throughput evacuating collector for memory-disaggregated datacenters](https://dl.acm.org/doi/abs/10.1145/3519939.3523441) | [link](https://github.com/uclasystem/Mako) |
| 2023 | SIGCOMM | [Cowbird: Freeing CPUs to Compute by Offloading the Disaggregation of Memory]() | |
| 2024 | ASPLOS | [Scaling Up Memory Disaggregated Applications with Smart]() | [link](https://github.com/madsys-dev/smart) |
| 2024 | NSDI | [Harvesting Idle Memory for Application-Managed Soft State with Midas](https://web.cs.ucla.edu/~harryxu/papers/midas-nsdi24.pdf) | [link](https://github.com/uclasystem/midas) |
| 2024 | ASPLOS | [TrackFM: Far-out Compiler Support for a Far Memory World](https://dl.acm.org/doi/pdf/10.1145/3617232.3624856) | [link](https://github.com/compiler-disagg/TrackFM) |
| 2024 | OSDI | [A Tale of Two Paths: Toward a Hybrid Data Plane for Efficient Far-Memory Applications](https://www.usenix.org/conference/osdi24/presentation/chen-lei) | |
| 2024 | OSDI | [DRust: Language-Guided Distributed Shared Memory with Fine Granularity, Full Transparency, and Ultra Efficiency](https://www.usenix.org/conference/osdi24/presentation/ma-haoran) | |

## Data structures
| Year | Conf. | Paper | Code |
| ---- | ------ | ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ | --------------------------------------------- |
| 2019 | HotOS | [Designing far memory data structures: Think outside the box](https://dl.acm.org/doi/10.1145/3317550.3321433) | |
| 2021 | ATC | [One-Sided RDMA-Conscious Extendible Hashing for Disaggregated Memory](https://www.usenix.org/conference/atc21/presentation/zuo) | |
| 2022 | SIGMOD | [Sherman: A Write-Optimized Distributed B+Tree Index on Disaggregated Memory](https://github.com/thustorage/Sherman) | [link](https://github.com/thustorage/Sherman) |
| 2023 | OSDI | [SMART: A High-Performance Adaptive Radix Tree for Disaggregated Memory](https://www.usenix.org/conference/osdi23/presentation/luo) | [link](https://github.com/dmemsys/SMART) |
| 2023 | FAST | [ROLEX: A Scalable RDMA-Oriented Learned Key-Value Store for Disaggregated Memory Systems](https://www.usenix.org/conference/fast23/presentation/li-pengfei) | [link](https://github.com/iotlpf/ROLEX) |

## Storage Systems
| Year | Conf. | Paper | Code |
| ---- | ---------- | ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ | ---------------------------------------------- |
| 2017 | SoCC | [Distributed Shared Persistent Memory](http://lastweek.io/pubs/SoCC17-Hotpot.pdf) | [code](https://github.com/WukLab/Hotpot) |
| 2019 | SYSTOR | [Storm: A Fast Transactional Dataplane for Remote Data Structures](https://dl.acm.org/doi/10.1145/3319647.3325827) | |
| 2020 | ATC | [Disaggregating Persistent Memory and Controlling Them Remotely: An Exploration of Passive Disaggregated Key-Value Store](https://www.usenix.org/conference/atc20/presentation/tsai) | [link](https://github.com/WukLab/pDPM) |
| 2022 | FAST | [FORD: Fast One-Sided RDMA-based Distributed Transactions for Disaggregated Persistent Memory](https://www.usenix.org/conference/fast22/presentation/zhang-ming) | [link](https://github.com/minghust/ford) |
| 2022 | HotStorage | [Hello Bytes, Bye Blocks: PCIe Storage Meets Compute Express Link for Memory Expansion (CXL-SSD)](https://dl.acm.org/doi/abs/10.1145/3538643.3539745) | |
| 2022 | VLDB | [Redy: Remote Dynamic Memory Cache](https://dl.acm.org/doi/10.14778/3503585.3503587) | |
| 2023 | TACO | [Fast One-Sided RDMA-Based State Machine Replication for Disaggregated Memory](https://dl.acm.org/doi/full/10.1145/3587096) | |
| 2023 | VLDB | [DINOMO: An Elastic, Scalable, High-Performance Key-Value Store for Disaggregated Persistent Memory](https://arxiv.org/pdf/2209.08743) | [link](https://github.com/utsaslab/dinomo) |
| 2023 | ASPLOS | [Ubft: Microsecond-scale bft using disaggregated memory](https://dl.acm.org/doi/10.1145/3575693.3575732) |
| 2023 | FAST | [FUSEE: A Fully Memory-Disaggregated Key-Value Store](https://www.usenix.org/conference/fast23/presentation/shen) | [link](https://github.com/dmemsys/FUSEE) |
| 2023 | FAST | [Patronus: High-Performance and Protective Remote Memory](https://www.usenix.org/conference/fast23/presentation/yan) | |
| 2023 | SOSP | [Ditto: An Elastic and Adaptive Memory-Disaggregated Caching System]() | [link](https://github.com/dmemsys/Ditto) |
| 2024 | OSDI | [Motor: Enabling Multi-Versioning for Distributed Transactions on Disaggregated Memory](https://www.usenix.org/conference/osdi24/presentation/zhang-ming) | |
| 2024 | ATC | [Ethane: An Asymmetric File System for Disaggregated Persistent Memory](https://www.usenix.org/conference/atc24/presentation/cai) | [link](https://github.com/miaogecm/Ethane.git) |

## Databases
| Year | Conf. | Paper | Code |
| ---- | ------ | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- | ---- |
| 2020 | VLDB | [Understanding the Effect of Data Center Resource Disaggregation on Production DBMSs](https://dl.acm.org/doi/10.14778/3397230.3397249) | |
| 2020 | CIDR | [Rethinking Data Management Systems for Disaggregated Data Centers](https://www.cis.upenn.edu/~sga001/papers/ddc-cidr20.pdf) | |
| 2021 | SIGMOD | [PolarDB Serverless: A Cloud Native Database for Disaggregate Data Centers](https://dl.acm.org/doi/10.1145/3448016.3457560) | |
| 2021 | VLDB | [TowardsCost-Effectiveand elasticCloudDatabaseDeploymentviaMemoryDisaggregation](http://www.vldb.org/pvldb/vol14/p1900-zhang.pdf) | |
| 2022 | CIDR | [Farview: Disaggregated Memory with Operator Offloading for Database Engines](https://www.cidrdb.org/cidr2022/papers/p11-korolija.pdf) | |
| 2023 | ASPLOS | [Persistent Memory Disaggregation for Cloud-Native Relational Databases](https://dl.acm.org/doi/10.1145/3582016.3582055) | |

## Hardware
| Year | Conf. | Paper | Code |
| ---- | ------ | ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ | -------------------------------------- |
| 2009 | ISCA | [Disaggregated Memory for Expansion and Sharing in Blade Servers](https://dl.acm.org/doi/10.1145/1555754.1555789) | |
| 2016 | OSDI | [Network Requirements for Resource Disaggregation](https://www.usenix.org/conference/osdi16/technical-sessions/presentation/gao) | |
| 2018 | ASAP | [REMAP: Remote Memory Manager for Disaggregated Platforms](https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/iel7/8424123/8445082/08445095.pdf) | |
| 2019 | NSDI | [Shoal: A Network Architecture for Disaggregated Racks](https://www.usenix.org/conference/nsdi19/presentation/shrivastav) | |
| 2021 | FAST | [Concordia: Distributed Shared Memory with In-Network Cache Coherence](https://www.usenix.org/conference/fast21/presentation/wang) | |
| 2021 | ATC | [Characterizing and Optimizing Remote Persistent Memory with RDMA and NVM](https://www.usenix.org/conference/atc21/presentation/wei) | |
| 2021 | ASPLOS | [Rethinking Software Runtimes for Disaggregated Memory](https://dl.acm.org/doi/10.1145/3445814.3446713) | |
| 2021 | SOSP | [MIND: In-Network Memory Management for Disaggregated Data Centers](https://dl.acm.org/doi/10.1145/3477132.3483561) | |
| 2022 | ATC | [Direct Access, High-Performance Memory Disaggregation with DirectCXL](https://www.usenix.org/conference/atc22/presentation/gouk) | |
| 2022 | ASPLOS | [Clio: A Hardware-Software Co-Designed Disaggregated Memory System](https://dl.acm.org/doi/10.1145/3503222.3507762) | [link](https://github.com/WukLab/Clio) |
| 2023 | ASPLOS | [Pond: CXL-Based Memory Pooling Systems for Cloud Platforms](https://dl.acm.org/doi/10.1145/3575693.3578835) | [link](https://github.com/vtess/Pond) |

## Applications
| Year | Conf. | Paper | Code |
| ---- | -------- | ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- | -------------------------------------------------------------- |
| 2017 | HotNets | [Tolerating Faults in Disaggregated Datacenters](https://dl.acm.org/doi/10.1145/3152434.3152447) | |
| 2019 | WORD | [The Serverless Data Center: Hardware Disaggregation Meets Serverless Computing](https://adept.eecs.berkeley.edu/papers/the-serverless-data-center-hardware-disaggregation-meets-serverless-computing/) | |
| 2020 | HotCloud | [Disaggregation and the Application](https://www.usenix.org/conference/hotcloud20/presentation/angel) | |
| 2022 | EuroSys | [Jiffy: Elastic Far-Memory for Stateful Serverless Analytics](https://dl.acm.org/doi/abs/10.1145/3492321.3527539) | |
| 2022 | ATC | [JITServer: Disaggregated Caching JIT Compiler for JVM in the Cloud](https://www.usenix.org/conference/atc22/presentation/khrabrov) | [link](https://github.com/AlexeyKhrabrov/jitserver-benchmarks) |
| 2023 | POMACS | [Memtrade: Marketplace for Disaggregated Memory Clouds](https://dl.acm.org/doi/abs/10.1145/3589985?af=R) | [link](https://github.com/SymbioticLab/Memtrade) |
| 2023 | VLDB | [FlexChain: An Elastic Disaggregated Blockchain](https://www.vldb.org/pvldb/vol16/p23-wu.pdf) | |
| 2023 | ATC | [CXL-ANNS: Software-Hardware Collaborative Memory Disaggregation and Computation for Billion-Scale Approximate Nearest Neighbor Search](https://www.usenix.org/conference/atc23/presentation/jang) | |
| 2023 | ATC | [Overcoming the Memory Wall with CXL-Enabled SSDs](https://www.usenix.org/conference/atc23/presentation/yang-shao-peng) | |
| 2024 | ASPLOS | [FaaSMem: Improving Memory Efficiency of Serverless Computing with Memory Pool Architecture](https://dl.acm.org/doi/pdf/10.1145/3620666.3651355) | [link](https://github.com/BarrinXu/FaaSMem) |
| 2024 | ATC | [HydraRPC: RPC in the CXL Era](https://www.usenix.org/conference/atc24/presentation/ma) | |

# Industrial Practices
- [The Machine](https://www.hpl.hp.com/research/systems-research/themachine/)
- [Disaggregated Memory - In Pursuit of Scale and Efficiency](https://pmem.io/blog/2022/01/disaggregated-memory-in-pursuit-of-scale-and-efficiency/)
- [Compute Express Link: The Breakthrough CPU-to-Device Interconnect](https://www.computeexpresslink.org/)
- [Microsoft Azure Blazes the Disaggregated Memory Trail with ZNUMA](https://www.nextplatform.com/2022/07/11/microsoft-azure-blazes-the-disaggregated-memory-trail-with-znuma/)

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# Contribute
This is an active repository and your contributions are always welcome! Do not hesitate to create pull requests.