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https://github.com/domargan/awesome-dynamic-graphs

A collection of resources on dynamic/streaming/temporal/evolving graph processing systems, databases, data structures, datasets, and related academic and industrial work
https://github.com/domargan/awesome-dynamic-graphs

List: awesome-dynamic-graphs

awesome awesome-list awesome-lists datasets dynamic-graph-processing dynamic-graphs evolving-graphs graph graph-analytics graph-databases graph-datastructures graph-processing graphs streaming-graph-data streaming-graph-processing streaming-graphs temporal-graph-processing temporal-graphs

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A collection of resources on dynamic/streaming/temporal/evolving graph processing systems, databases, data structures, datasets, and related academic and industrial work

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# Awesome Dynamic Graphs
A collection of resources on dynamic/streaming/temporal/evolving graph processing systems, databases, data structures, datasets, and related academic and industrial work.

## Contributing
To add, remove or change things on the list:
[please submit a pull request to the GitHub repository](https://github.com/domargan/awesome-dynamic-graphs).

## Open Source Projects
### Data Structures, Systems and Frameworks
* [Aspen](https://github.com/ldhulipala/aspen) [C++]
* Streaming graph processing system based on compressed purely-functional trees
* [Paper](https://people.csail.mit.edu/jshun/aspen.pdf)
* [Differential Dataflow](https://github.com/frankmcsherry/differential-dataflow) [Rust]
* General data-parallel programming framework suitable for processing large dynamic graphs
* [Paper](http://michaelisard.com/pubs/differentialdataflow.pdf)
* [GraphBolt](https://github.com/pdclab/graphbolt) [C++]
* Streaming graph processing system that provides BSP guarantees
* [Paper](https://dl.acm.org/doi/10.1145/3302424.3303974)
* [GraphJet](https://github.com/twitter/GraphJet) [Java]
* Streaming graph processing system for generating content recommendations at Twitter
* [Paper](https://www.vldb.org/pvldb/vol9/p1281-sharma.pdf)
* [GraphOne](https://github.com/the-data-lab/GraphOne) [C++]
* Storage engine for streaming graph data
* [Paper](https://www.usenix.org/system/files/fast19-kumar.pdf)
* [GreyCat](https://github.com/datathings/greycat) [Java]
* _Many-world_ temporal graph data store
* [Paper](https://hal.inria.fr/hal-02059882/document)
* [GoFFish](https://github.com/usc-cloud/goffish)[Java]
* Multi-source streaming graph processing system
* [KickStarter](https://github.com/pdclab/graphbolt)[C++]
* Streaming graph processing system optimising for path-based/monotonic graph algorithms
* [Paper](https://dl.acm.org/doi/10.1145/3037697.3037748)
* [LLAMA](https://github.com/goatdb/llama) [C++]
* CSR-based storage engine and streaming graph processing system
* [Paper](https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/7113298/)
* [PCSR](https://github.com/wheatman/Packed-Compressed-Sparse-Row/) [C++]
* CSR-inspired, packed memory array based data structure for streaming graphs
* [Paper](https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/8547566)
* [PPCSR](https://github.com/domargan/parallel-packed-csr) [C++]
* Parallel and NUMA-aware implementation of PCSR data structure for streaming graphs
* [Raphtory](https://github.com/Raphtory/Raphtory) [Scala]
* Snapshot-based distributed streaming graph processing system
* [Paper](https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0167739X19301621)
* [STINGER](https://github.com/stingergraph/stinger) [C/C++]
* Data structure for streaming graphs based on linked lists of blocks
* [Paper](https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/6408680)

### Benchmarking
* [GraphTides](https://github.com/GraphTides/graphtides) [Java/TypeScript]
* Framework for evaluating streaming graph processing platforms
* [Paper](https://dl.acm.org/doi/10.1145/3210259.3210262)

## Papers
Check [Julian Shun's list](https://people.csail.mit.edu/jshun/graph.shtml#streamingframeworks) for a further reference and an extensive collection of related papers.

### Data Structures and Storage
[STINGER: Spatio-Temporal Interaction Networks and Graphs (STING) Extensible Representation](https://pdfs.semanticscholar.org/6992/7a3b9fc25e655ce662c03deb1e9d2832585c.pdf) (2009)

[STINGER: High Performance Data Structure for Streaming Graphs](https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/6408680) (HPEC 2012)

[Packed Compressed Sparse Row: A Dynamic Graph Representation](https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/8547566) (HPEC 2018)

[GraphOne: A Data Store for Real-time Analytics on Evolving Graphs](https://dl.acm.org/doi/abs/10.1145/3364180) (FAST 2019)

[GraphTinker: A High Performance Data Structure for Dynamic Graph Processing](https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/abstract/document/8821003) (IPDPS 2019)

[CSR++: A Fast, Scalable, Update-Friendly Graph DataStructure](https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-03060095/document) (OPODIS 2020)

[LiveGraph: A Transactional Graph Storage System With Purely Sequential Adjacency List Scans](https://dl.acm.org/doi/abs/10.14778/3384345.3384351) (VLDB 2020)

[A Parallel Packed Memory Array to Store Dynamic Graphs](https://epubs.siam.org/doi/pdf/10.1137/1.9781611976472.3) (ALENEX 2021)

### Systems and Frameworks
[STINGER: Spatio-Temporal Interaction Networks and Graphs (STING) Extensible Representation](https://pdfs.semanticscholar.org/6992/7a3b9fc25e655ce662c03deb1e9d2832585c.pdf) (2009)

[On Querying Historical Evolving Graph Sequences](http://www.vldb.org/pvldb/vol4/p726-ren.pdf) (VLDB 2011)

[STINGER: High Performance Data Structure for Streaming Graphs](https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/6408680) (HPEC 2012)

[Facilitating Real-Time Graph Mining](https://dl.acm.org/citation.cfm?id=2390023) (CloudDB 2012)

[Kineograph: Taking the Pulse of a Fast-Changing and Connected World](https://dl.acm.org/citation.cfm?id=2168846) (EuroSys 2012)

[Differential Dataflow](http://cidrdb.org/cidr2013/Papers/CIDR13_Paper111.pdf) (CIDR 2013)

[Efficient Snapshot Retrieval over Historical Graph Data](https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/6544892) (ICDE 2013)

[Naiad: A Timely Dataflow System](https://dl.acm.org/citation.cfm?id=2522738) (SOSP 2013)

[Chronos: A Graph Engine for Temporal Graph Analysis](https://dl.acm.org/citation.cfm?id=2592799) (EuroSys 2014)

[Towards Large-Scale Graph Stream Processing Platform](https://dl.acm.org/citation.cfm?id=2580051) (WWW 2014)

[CellIQ : Real-Time Cellular Network Analytics at Scale](https://www.usenix.org/system/files/conference/nsdi15/nsdi15-paper-iyer.pdf) (NSDI 2015)

[DISTINGER: A Distributed Graph Data Structure for Massive Dynamic Graph Processing](https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/7363954) (Big Data 2015)

[ImmortalGraph: A System for Storage and Analysis of Temporal Graphs](https://dl.acm.org/citation.cfm?id=2700302) (Transactions on Storage 2015)

[LLAMA: Efficient Graph Analytics Using Large Multiversioned Arrays](https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/7113298/) (ICDE 2015)

[Real-time Analytics for Fast Evolving Social Graphs](https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/7152566) (CCGrid 2015)

[GraphIn: An Online High Performance Incremental Graph Processing Framework](https://link.springer.com/chapter/10.1007%2F978-3-319-43659-3_24) (Euro-Par 2016)

[GraphJet: Real-Time Content Recommendations at Twitter](https://dl.acm.org/citation.cfm?id=3007267) (VLDB 2016)

[Storing and Analyzing Historical Graph Data at Scale](http://openproceedings.org/2016/conf/edbt/paper-29.pdf) (EDBT 2016)

[Synergistic Analysis of Evolving Graphs](https://dl.acm.org/citation.cfm?id=2992784) (TACO 2016)

[Time-Evolving Graph Processing at Scale](https://dl.acm.org/citation.cfm?id=2960419) (GRADES 2016)

[Tornado: A System For Real-Time Iterative Analysis Over Evolving Data](https://dl.acm.org/citation.cfm?id=2882903.2882950) (SIGMOD 2016)

[Towards a Distributed Large-Scale Dynamic Graph Data Store](https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/7529955) (IPDPSW 2016)

[Automatic Algorithm Transformation for Efficient Multi-Snapshot Analytics on Temporal Graphs](https://dl.acm.org/citation.cfm?id=3090166) (VLDB 2017)

[KickStarter: Fast and Accurate Computations on Streaming Graphs via Trimmed Approximations](https://dl.acm.org/doi/10.1145/3037697.3037748) (ASPLOS 2017)

[Auxo: A Temporal Graph Management System](https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/8486795) (BDMA 2018)

[Distributed Evaluation of Subgraph Queries Using Worst-case Optimal Low-Memory Dataflows](https://dl.acm.org/citation.cfm?id=3199520) (VLDB 2018)

[GraPU: Accelerate Streaming Graph Analysis through Preprocessing Buffered Updates](https://dl.acm.org/citation.cfm?id=3267811) (SOCC 2018)

[GraphBolt: Dependency-Driven Synchronous Processing of Streaming Graphs](https://dl.acm.org/citation.cfm?id=3303974) (EuroSys 2019)

[Low-Latency Graph Streaming Using Compressed Purely-Functional Trees](https://people.csail.mit.edu/jshun/aspen.pdf) (PLDI 2019)

[GraphOne: A Data Store for Real-time Analytics on Evolving Graphs](https://dl.acm.org/doi/abs/10.1145/3364180) (FAST 2019)

[LiveGraph: A Transactional Graph Storage System With Purely Sequential Adjacency List Scans](https://dl.acm.org/doi/abs/10.14778/3384345.3384351) (VLDB 2020)

[Raphtory: Streaming analysis of distributed temporal graphs](https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0167739X19301621) (FGCS 2020)

[RisGraph: A Real-Time Streaming System for Evolving Graphs](https://arxiv.org/abs/2004.00803) (2020)

[Tegra: Efficient Ad-Hoc Analytics on Time-Evolving Graphs]() (NSDI 2021)

### Surveys
[The Ubiquity of Large Graphs and Surprising Challenges of Graph Processing](https://dl.acm.org/doi/abs/10.1145/3164135.3164139) (VLDB 2018)

[Practice of Streaming and Dynamic Graphs: Concepts, Models, Systems, and Parallelism](https://www.research-collection.ethz.ch/handle/20.500.11850/462546) (2020)

## Datasets
Note: Very small datasets are not included in the list.
| Category | Data Source | Name | Type | Vertex Meaning | Edge Meaning | Size (\|V\|) | Volume (\|E\|) | Edge Weight | Edge Timestamps | Multiple Edges | Source/Link |
|:----------------------: |:-------------------------: |:-----------------------: |:----------------------: |:-----------------: |:---------------------: |:------------: |:--------------: |:-----------: |:---------------: |:--------------: |:--------------------------------------------------: |
| Authorship network | Wikipedia | edit-enwiki | Bipartite, undirected | User, article | Edit | 50,757,442 | 572,591,272 | N | Y | Y | http://konect.cc/networks/edit-enwiki/ |
| Citation network | DBLP | dblp-cite | Unipartite, directed | Publication | Citation | 12,590 | 49,759 | N | Y | N | http://konect.cc/networks/dblp-cite/ |
| Co-citation network | arXiv | ca-cit-HepPh | Unipartite, undirected | Author | Co-citation | 28,093 | 4,596,803 | N | Y | Y | http://konect.cc/networks/ca-cit-HepPh/ |
| Co-citation network | arXiv | ca-cit-HepTh | Unipartite, undirected | Author | Co-citation | 22,908 | 2,673,133 | N | Y | Y | http://konect.cc/networks/ca-cit-HepTh/ |
| Communication network | Facebook | facebook-wosn-wall | Unipartite, directed | User | Wall post | 46,952 | 876,993 | N | Y | Y | http://konect.cc/networks/facebook-wosn-wall/ |
| Communication network | Linux kernel mailing list | lkml-reply | Unipartite, directed | Person | Reply | 63,399 | 1,096,440 | N | Y | Y | http://konect.cc/networks/lkml-reply/ |
| Computer network | Internet topology | topology | Unipartite, undirected | Autonomous system | Connection | 34,761 | 171,403 | N | Y | Y | http://konect.cc/networks/topology/ |
| Feature network | BibSonomy | bibsonomy-2ti | Bipartite, undirected | Tag, publication | Assignment | 972,120 | 2,555,080 | N | Y | Y | http://konect.cc/networks/bibsonomy-2ti/ |
| Feature network | CiteULike | citeulike-ti | Bipartite, undirected | Tag, publication | Assignment | 885,046 | 2,411,819 | N | Y | Y | http://konect.cc/networks/citeulike-ti/ |
| Feature network | Delicious | delicious-ti | Bipartite, undirected | Tag, URL | Tag assignment | 38,289,740 | 301,183,605 | N | Y | Y | http://konect.cc/networks/delicious-ti/ |
| Feature network | Google+ | stevgong_attribute | Bipartite, undirected | User, attribute | Attribute-link | 10,442,421 | 20,592,962 | N | Y | N | http://konect.cc/networks/stevgong_attribute/ |
| Feature network | Twitter | munmun_twitterex_ti | Bipartite, undirected | Hashtag, URL | Co-occurrence | 1,502,611 | 2,635,885 | N | Y | Y | http://konect.cc/networks/munmun_twitterex_ti/ |
| Human contact network | MIT | mit | Unipartite, undirected | Person | Contact | 96 | 1,086,404 | N | Y | Y | http://konect.cc/networks/mit/ |
| Hyperlink network | Wikipedia | link-dynamic-dewiki | Unipartite, directed | Article | Reference | 2,166,669 | 86,337,879 | N | Y | N | http://konect.cc/networks/link-dynamic-dewiki/ |
| Hyperlink network | Wikipedia | link-dynamic-frwiki | Unipartite, directed | Article | Reference | 2,212,682 | 59,008,831 | N | Y | N | http://konect.cc/networks/link-dynamic-frwiki/ |
| Hyperlink network | Wikipedia | link-dynamic-itwiki | Unipartite, directed | Article | Reference | 1,204,009 | 34,826,283 | N | Y | N | http://konect.cc/networks/link-dynamic-itwiki/ |
| Hyperlink network | Wikipedia | link-dynamic-nlwiki | Unipartite, directed | Article | Reference | 1,039,252 | 20,070,561 | N | Y | N | http://konect.cc/networks/link-dynamic-nlwiki/ |
| Hyperlink network | Wikipedia | link-dynamic-plwiki | Unipartite, directed | Article | Reference | 1,033,050 | 25,026,208 | N | Y | N | http://konect.cc/networks/link-dynamic-plwiki/ |
| Hyperlink network | Wikipedia | link-dynamic-simplewiki | Unipartite, directed | Article | Reference | 100,312 | 1,627,472 | N | Y | N | http://konect.cc/networks/link-dynamic-simplewiki/ |
| Interaction network | LastFm | lastfm_band | Bipartite, undirected | User, band | Listening | 175,069 | 19,150,868 | N | Y | Y | http://konect.cc/networks/lastfm_band/ |
| Interaction network | LastFm | lastfm_song | Bipartite, undirected | User, song | Listening | 1,085,612 | 19,150,868 | N | Y | Y | http://konect.cc/networks/lastfm_song/ |
| Online contact network | Stack Exchange | sx-askubuntu | Unipartite, directed | User | Answer/comment | 159,316 | 964,437 | N | Y | Y | http://konect.cc/networks/sx-askubuntu/ |
| Online contact network | Stack Exchange | sx-mathoverflow | Unipartite, directed | User | Answer/comment | 24,818 | 506,550 | N | Y | Y | http://konect.cc/networks/sx-mathoverflow/ |
| Online contact network | Stack Exchange | sx-stackoverflow | Unipartite, directed | User | Answer/comment | 2,601,977 | 63,497,050 | N | Y | Y | http://konect.cc/networks/sx-stackoverflow/ |
| Online contact network | Stack Exchange | sx-superuser | Unipartite, directed | User | Answer/comment | 194,085 | 1,443,339 | N | Y | Y | http://konect.cc/networks/sx-superuser/ |
| Online contact network | Twitter | higgs-twitter | Unipartite, directed | User | Retweet/mention/reply | ? | 563,069 | N | Y | Y (?) | https://snap.stanford.edu/data/higgs-twitter.html |
| Online contact network | Twitter | munmun_twitterex_at | Unipartite, directed | User | Mention | 2,919,613 | 12,887,063 | N | Y | Y | http://konect.cc/networks/munmun_twitterex_at/ |
| Online contact network | Wikipedia | elec | Unipartite, directed | User | Vote | 7,118 | 103,675 | N | Y | N | http://konect.cc/networks/elec/ |
| Online contact network | Wikipedia | wikiconflict | Unipartite, undirected | User | Edit conflict | 118,100 | 2,917,785 | Y | Y | Y | http://konect.cc/networks/wikiconflict/ |
| Online social network | Bitcoin | soc-bitcoin | Unipartite, directed | Member | Trust/distrust | 24,575,382 | 122,948,162 | ? | Y | N | https://networkrepository.com/soc-bitcoin.php |
| Online social network | Digg | digg-friends | Unipartite, directed | User | Vote | 279,630 | 1,731,653 | N | Y | N | http://konect.cc/networks/digg-friends/ |
| Online social network | Facebook | facebook-wosn-links | Unipartite, undirected | User | Friendship | 63,731 | 817,035 | N | Y | N | http://konect.cc/networks/facebook-wosn-links/ |
| Online social network | Flickr | flickr-growth | Unipartite, directed | User | Friendship | 2,302,925 | 33,140,017 | N | Y | N | http://konect.cc/networks/flickr-growth/ |
| Online social network | Google+ | stevgong_social | Unipartite, directed | User | Interaction | 28,943,739 | 462,994,069 | N | Y | N | http://konect.cc/networks/stevgong_social/ |
| Online social network | YouTube | youtube-u-growth | Unipartite, undirected | User | Friendship | 3,223,589 | 9,375,374 | N | Y | N | http://konect.cc/networks/youtube-u-growth/ |
| Rating network | Amazon | rec-amz-Books | Bipartite, undirected | User, product | Rating | 10,356,390 | 22,507,155 | Y | Y | N | https://networkrepository.com/rec-amz-Books.php |
| Rating network | Epinions | epinions-rating | Bipartite, undirected | User, product | Rating | 876,252 | 13,668,320 | N | Y | Y | http://konect.cc/networks/epinions-rating/ |
| Rating network | Netflix | netflix | Bipartite, undirected | User, movie | Rating | 497,959 | 100,480,507 | Y | Y | N | http://konect.cc/networks/netflix/ |
| Rating network | Yahoo | yahoo-song | Bipartite, undirected | Person, song | Rating | 1,625,951 | 256,804,235 | Y | Y | N | http://konect.cc/networks/yahoo-song/ |

## About
This list was compiled by [Domagoj Margan](https://github.com/domargan) with help and resources from the systems community.