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https://github.com/sfermigier/awesome-functional-python

A curated list of awesome things related to functional programming in Python.
https://github.com/sfermigier/awesome-functional-python

List: awesome-functional-python

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A curated list of awesome things related to functional programming in Python.

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README 

        
## Awesome Functional Python



> A curated list of awesome things related to functional programming in Python.



[![Awesome](https://awesome.re/badge.svg)](https://awesome.re)



- [Official documentation](#official-documentation)

- [Books](#books)

- [Talks](#talks)

- [Other resources](#other-resources)

- [Libraries](#libraries)

- [Languages](#languages)



### Official documentation



- [Functional Programming HOWTO](https://docs.python.org/3/howto/functional.html) - "In this document, we’ll take a tour of Python’s features suitable for implementing programs in a functional style".



### Books



#### Free books / ebooks



- [Functional Programming in Python](http://www.oreilly.com/programming/free/files/functional-programming-python.pdf) - Book by David Mertz (O'Reilly).



#### Non-free books



- [Functional Python Programming](https://www.packtpub.com/application-development/functional-python-programming) - Book by Steve Lott (Packtpub, 2015).



### Talks



#### Introductory



- Functional Programming with Python ([slides](http://kachayev.github.io/talks/uapycon2012/)) - Alexey Kachayev, UA PYCon 2012.

- Purely Functional Programming in Python: Pure Fun ([slides](https://speakerdeck.com/radix/purely-functional-programming-in-python-pure-fun)) - Christopher Armstrong, PyTenessee 2015.

- Side Effects are a Public API ([video](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=D37dc9EoFus)) - Christopher Armstrong, Strangeloop 2015

- Functional Programming with Python ([video](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Ta1bAMOMFOI)) - Mike Müller, PyCon US 2013.

- Using Functional Programming for efficient Data Processing and Analysis ([video](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=9kDUTJahXBM)) - Reuben Cummings, PyCon US 2017.

- Immutable Programming Writing Functional Python ([slides](https://speakerdeck.com/pycon2017/calen-pennington-immutable-programming-writing-functional-python), [video](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=_OLEVvjrIj8)), Calen Pennington, PyCon 2017.

- Functional Programming inside OOP? It’s possible with Python ([Slides](https://ep2021.europython.eu/media/conference/slides/5SQrJC4-functional-programming-inside-oop-its-possible-with-python.pdf)) - Carlos Villavicencio, EuroPython 2021.

- A Hitchhiker’s Guide to functools ([Slides](https://ep2021.europython.eu/media/conference/slides/a-hitchhikers-guide-to-functools.pdf)) - Scott Irwin, EuroPython 2021.

- Writing Functional Code in Python ([Video](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=x7sQVLO3JJA)) - Vic Kumar, PyCon 2022



#### Advanced or specialized



- Functionalish programming in Python with effect ([video](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=fM5d_2BS6FY)), Robert Collins, NZ PyCon 2015.

- Monadic Parsing in Python ([slides](https://speakerdeck.com/kachayev/monadic-parsing-in-python)), Alexey Kachayev, KyivPy 2014.

- Immutability and Python - Introducing Pyrsistent ([slides](http://slides.com/tobiasgustafsson/immutability-and-python)), Tobias Gustafsson, 2014.

- Understanding Transducers ([slides](http://www.slideshare.net/alinadolgikh/austin-bingham-transducers-in-python), [video](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=z_cmmbRQXh4)), Austin Bingham, PyCon Belarus 2015.



#### Data science oriented



- Functional Performance with Core Data Structures ([video](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=PpBK4zIaFLE)), Matthew Rocklin, PyData SV 2014.

- Old School - Functional Data Analysis ([video](https://vimeo.com/80096814)), Matthew Rocklin, PyData NYC 2013.

- Learning Data Science Using Functional Python ([video](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ThS4juptJjQ), [slides](https://docs.google.com/presentation/d/1eI60SL3UxtWfr9ktrv48-pcIkk4S7JiDmeXGCyyGhCs)), Joel Grus, PyData Seattle 2015.



### Other resources



#### Video lectures (not free)



- [Functional Programming with Python](http://shop.oreilly.com/product/0636920042778.do) - by Christopher Armstrong, O'Reilly.

- [Functional Programming in 7 days](https://www.udemy.com/functional-programming-in-7-days/) - by Mohammed Kashif, Udemy.

- [Functional Programming in Python](https://realpython.com/courses/functional-programming-python/) - by Dan Bader, Real Python.



#### Blog posts



- [Origins of Python's "Functional" Features](https://python-history.blogspot.fr/2009/04/origins-of-pythons-functional-features.html), Guido Van Rossum, 2009.

- [A practical introduction to functional programming](https://maryrosecook.com/blog/post/a-practical-introduction-to-functional-programming) (with examples in Python), by Mary Rose Cook (year unknown).

- [Immutable data structures in Python](https://www.theguardian.com/info/developer-blog/2014/oct/21/immutable-data-structures-in-python), Robert Rees, 2014.

- [Understanding Transducers through Python](http://sixty-north.com/blog/series/understanding-transducers-through-python), by Robert Smallshire. "In this 8 parts series we take an in-depth look at transducers. Transducers – a portmanteau of ‘transform reducers’ – are a new functional programming concept introduced into the Clojure programming language."

- [Thinking Functionally with Python and Django at eShares Inc.](https://medium.com/@hansonkd/thinking-functionally-with-python-and-django-4127e3ace6e9#.own6sie8s), Kyle Hanson, 2017.

- [Simple dependent types in Python](https://sobolevn.me/2019/01/simple-dependent-types-in-python) - Nikita Sobolev, 2019.

- [Python exceptions considered an anti-pattern](https://sobolevn.me/2019/02/python-exceptions-considered-an-antipattern), Nikita Sobolev, 2019.

- [Enforcing Single Responsibility Principle in Python](https://sobolevn.me/2019/03/enforcing-srp) - Nikita Sobolev, 2019.

- [Typed functional Dependency Injection in Python](https://sobolevn.me/2020/02/typed-functional-dependency-injection) - Nikita Sobolev, 2020.

- [4 Part Series on Functional Programming Techniques and Design In Python](https://mpkocher.github.io/2019/03/01/Functional-Programming-Techniques-In-Python-Series/) M. Kocher, 2019.

- [Typeclasses in Python](https://sobolevn.me/2021/06/typeclasses-in-python) - N. Sobolev, 2021

- [Functools — The Power of Higher-Order Functions in Python](https://towardsdatascience.com/functools-the-power-of-higher-order-functions-in-python-8e6e61c6e4e4) - M. Heinz, 2021

- [Tail Recursion Elimination](http://neopythonic.blogspot.com/2009/04/tail-recursion-elimination.html) - Guido van Rossum, 2009

- [Final Words on Tail Calls](http://neopythonic.blogspot.com/2009/04/final-words-on-tail-calls.html) - Guido van Rossum, 2009

- [The fate of reduce() in Python 3000](https://www.artima.com/weblogs/viewpost.jsp?thread=98196) - Guido van Rossum, 2005

- [Best Practices for Using Functional Programming in Python ](https://www.kite.com/blog/python/functional-programming/) - Kite Blog, 2018.

- (Dead initiative) [Why we need a Python functional programming initiative: a manifesto](https://web.archive.org/web/20230529183919/https://www.leftfile.org/) - Leftfile 2023



#### Scientific papers



- [Practical Functional Reactive Programming](http://www.cs.jhu.edu/~roe/padl2014.pdf) (PDF), John Peterson, Ken Roe, and Alan Cleary, 2014.



#### Presentation slides



- [Python Generators](https://www.slideshare.net/SamuelLampa/py-sthlmmeetup15-pythongenerators), Samuel Lampa, From talk at PySthlm meetup, Oct 2013



### Libraries



#### General



- [toolz](https://github.com/pytoolz/toolz) ★4619 - "A functional standard library for Python".

- [more-itertools](https://github.com/erikrose/more-itertools) ★3639 - "More routines for operating on iterables, beyond itertools".

- [fn.py](https://github.com/kachayev/fn.py) ★3348 - "Functional programming in Python: implementation of missing features to enjoy FP" (unmaintained since 2014). [Maintained fork](https://github.com/fnpy/fn.py).

- [funcy](https://github.com/suor/funcy) ★3333 - "A fancy and practical functional tools".

- [PyFunctional](https://github.com/EntilZha/PyFunctional) ★2380 - "Python library for functional programming with collections in a data pipeline style".

- [Pipe](https://github.com/JulienPalard/Pipe) ★1898 - "A Python library to use infix notation in Python".

- [Pydash](https://github.com/dgilland/pydash) ★1291 - "The kitchen sink of Python utility libraries for doing "stuff" in a functional way. Based on the Lo-Dash Javascript library".

- [hask](https://github.com/billpmurphy/hask) ★858 - "Haskell language features and standard libraries in pure Python".

- [OSlash](https://github.com/dbrattli/oslash) ★709 - "Functors, Applicatives, And Monads in Python".

- [Expression](https://github.com/cognitedata/Expression) ★454 - "Pragmatic functional programming for Python inspired by F#". Successor of OSlash.

- [Effect](https://github.com/python-effect/effect) ★369 - "Effect isolation in Python, to facilitate more purely functional code".

- [Underscore.py](https://github.com/serkanyersen/underscore.py) ★291 - "A Python port of excellent javascript library underscore.js".

- [fnc](https://github.com/dgilland/fnc) ★247 - "Functional programming in Python with generators and other utilities".

- [Flupy](https://github.com/olirice/flupy) ★192 - Implements a fluent interface for operating on python iterables.

- [PyMonad](https://github.com/jasondelaat/pymonad) ★189 - "a small library implementing monads and related data abstractions -- functors, applicative functors, and monoids -- for use in implementing functional style programs".

- [pfun](https://github.com/suned/pfun) ★149 - "Pure functional programming in python".

- [Phi](https://github.com/cgarciae/phi) ★132 - "A library that intends to remove as much of the pain as possible from your functional programming experience in Python."

- [pyramda](https://github.com/jackfirth/pyramda) ★127 - "Python package supporting heavy functional programming through currying. Translation of the Ramda library from javascript to python".

- [unpythonic](https://github.com/Technologicat/unpythonic) ★87 - "Supercharge your Python with parts of Lisp and Haskell."

- [ziopy](https://github.com/miiohio/ziopy) ★75 - "ZIO for Python (with ZIO = A type-safe, composable library for async and concurrent programming in Scala)"

- [pyMonet](https://github.com/przemyslawjanpietrzak/pyMonet) ★34 - "High abstract python library for functional programming. Contains algebraic data structures known from Haskell or Scala".

- [Compose](https://github.com/mentalisttraceur/python-compose) ★32 - The classic compose, with all the Pythonic features.

- [pyeffects](https://github.com/vickumar1981/pyeffects) ★30 - "Handle side-effects in Python like a boss. Implements functional types for Either, Option, Try, and Future."

- [Iter](https://github.com/MartinBernstorff/Iter) ★10 - map, filter etc. as methods on a sequence.



#### Return types



- [returns](https://github.com/dry-python/returns) ★3421 - "Make your functions return something meaningful, typed, and safe!"

- [result](https://github.com/dbrgn/result) ★1458 - A simple Rust like Result type for Python 3. Fully type annotated.

- [Option](https://github.com/MaT1g3R/option) ★84 - Rust-like Option and Result types in Python.

- [Meiga](https://github.com/alice-biometrics/meiga) ★76 - A simple, typed and monad-based Result type for Python.

- [Safetywrap](https://github.com/mplanchard/safetywrap) ★43 - Fully typesafe, Rust-like Result and Option types for Python.



#### Immutable / persistent data structures



- [Pyrsistent](https://github.com/tobgu/pyrsistent) ★2005 - "Persistent/Immutable/Functional data structures for Python".

- [Immutables](https://github.com/MagicStack/immutables) ★1116 - "An immutable mapping type for Python."



Dead projects:



- [Discodb](https://github.com/discoproject/discodb) ★98 - "An efficient, immutable, persistent mapping object".

- [Funktown](https://github.com/zhemao/funktown) ★74 - "Immutable Data Structures for Python".

- [Amino](https://github.com/tek/amino) ★35 - "functional data structures and type classes".

- [Pysistence](https://pythonhosted.org/pysistence/) - "Pysistence is a project that seeks to make functional programming in python easier".



#### Pattern matching



Note: Pattern matching is now a standard feature in [Python 3.10](https://www.python.org/dev/peps/pep-0636/).



- [pampy](https://github.com/santinic/pampy) ★3511 - "Pampy: The Pattern Matching for Python you always dreamed of."

- [python-pattern-matching](https://github.com/grantjenks/python-pattern-matching) ★161 - "Python pattern matching like functional languages."

- [patmat](https://github.com/admk/patmat) ★30 - "Functional-style recursive pattern matching in Python. Crazy stuff."

- [apm](https://github.com/scravy/awesome-pattern-matching) ★107 - "Pattern Matching for Python 3.8+ in a simple, yet powerful, extensible manner."



#### Tranducers



(Both projects are dead).



- [Tranducers-Python](https://github.com/cognitect-labs/transducers-python) ★202 - "Transducers are composable algorithmic transformations".

- [Transducers](https://github.com/sixty-north/python-transducers) ★55 - "This is a port of the transducer concept from Clojure to Python, with an emphasis on providing as Pythonic as interpretation of transducers as possible, rather than reproducing Clojurisms more literally".



#### Support for reactive style



- [RxPy](https://github.com/ReactiveX/RxPY) ★4727 - "Reactive Extensions for Python".

- [broqer](https://github.com/semiversus/python-broqer) ★74 - "Library to operate with continuous streams of data in a reactive style"

- [sodium-python](https://github.com/mode89/sodium-python) ★3 - "Python implementation of Sodium - Functional Reactive Programming (FRP) Library"



#### Lenses and declarative data manipulations



- [Glom](https://github.com/mahmoud/glom) ★1868 - "Python's nested data operator (and CLI), for all your declarative restructuring needs.".

- [python-lenses](https://github.com/ingolemo/python-lenses) ★304 - "A python lens library for manipulating deeply nested immutable structures".



#### Other / specialized



- [deal](https://github.com/orsinium/deal) ★719 - "Design by contract for Python with many validators support."

- [classes](https://github.com/dry-python/classes) ★651 - "Smart, pythonic, ad-hoc, typed polymorphism for Python."

- [chainable](https://github.com/olirice/chainable) ★192 - "Method chaining built on generators".

- [ADT](https://github.com/jspahrsummers/adt) ★172 - Algebraic data types for Python

- [sumtypes](https://github.com/radix/sumtypes) ★42 - "Sum Types, aka Tagged Unions, for Python".

- [python-mini-lambda](https://github.com/smarie/python-mini-lambda) ★13 - "Simple Lambda functions without lambda x: and with string conversion capability"

- [Orinoco](https://github.com/paysure/orinoco) ★11 - "Functional composable pipelines allowing clean separation of the business logic and its implementation"

- [slist](https://github.com/thejaminator/slist) ★11 - "A drop-in replacement for the python mutable list. But with much more methods for typesafe method chaining."

- [py-frm](https://github.com/phelps-sg/py-frm) ★1 - "Proof-of-concept Functional-Relational Mapping (FRM) for Python"



### Languages



Functional programming languages that are not Python but are related to the Python ecosystem:



#### Active languages



- [Hy](https://github.com/hylang/hy) ★4822 - "A dialect of Lisp that's embedded in Python".

- [Coconut](https://github.com/evhub/coconut) ★4018 - "Simple, elegant, Pythonic functional programming".

- [Basilisp](https://github.com/basilisp-lang/basilisp) ★207 - "A Clojure-compatible(-ish) Lisp dialect targeting Python 3.8+".



#### Dead languages



- [pixie](https://github.com/pixie-lang/pixie) ★2346 - "A lightweight and native lisp built in RPython". ([Discussion on HN](https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=13420092))

- [Mochi](https://github.com/i2y/mochi) ★914 - "A dynamically typed programming language for functional programming and actor-style programming.".

- [dg (aka dogelang)](https://github.com/pyos/dg) ★576 - "A programming language that compiles to CPython bytecode, much like Scala compiles to JVM's. That essentially means that dg is an alternative syntax for Python 3."

- [Pycket](https://github.com/pycket/pycket) ★256 - "A rudimentary Racket implementation using RPython".

- [Tydy](https://github.com/cyrus-/tydy) ★53 - "Tydy is a statically typed, functional-first programming language in the ML tradition. tydy is an implementation of Tydy as a Python library."

- [Arza](https://github.com/gloryofrobots/arza) ★5 - "Arza is a functional programming language that compiles to Python. It is a statically typed language with type inference and type classes."

- [(How to Write a (Lisp) Interpreter (in Python))](http://norvig.com/lispy.html) and [(An ((Even Better) Lisp) Interpreter (in Python))](http://norvig.com/lispy2.html) - a couple of famous articles by Peter Norvig.



[More languages that compile to Python](https://github.com/vindarel/languages-that-compile-to-python).