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https://github.com/subidit/typophilia
💝 Trivia about typefaces.
https://github.com/subidit/typophilia
List: typophilia
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💝 Trivia about typefaces.
- Host: GitHub
- URL: https://github.com/subidit/typophilia
- Owner: subidit
- License: mit
- Created: 2023-11-30T07:57:54.000Z (about 1 year ago)
- Default Branch: main
- Last Pushed: 2024-05-18T18:10:48.000Z (7 months ago)
- Last Synced: 2024-05-23T04:02:34.480Z (7 months ago)
- Topics: awesome, awesome-list, font, fonts, typeface, typefaces, typography
- Homepage:
- Size: 9.84 MB
- Stars: 26
- Watchers: 3
- Forks: 2
- Open Issues: 0
-
Metadata Files:
- Readme: README.md
- License: LICENSE
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README
# Typeface Trivia
Become a Type Snob in 10 minutes. 💝
> If you have any suggestion (correction or addition) please mention it in the [Discussion](https://github.com/subidit/typophilia/discussions) forum.
## Contents
- [Typeface Variants or Fonts](#typeface-variants-or-fonts)
- [Default Fonts](#default-fonts)
- [Fonts in U.S. Elections](#fonts-in-us-elections)
- [Type Classification](#type-classification)
- [Vox-ATypI Classification (Deprecated)](#vox-atypi-classification-deprecated)
- [Classicals](#classicals)
- [Moderns](#moderns)
- [Lineal](#lineal)
- [Calligraphics](#calligraphics)
- [Renowned Type Foundries](#renowned-type-foundries)
- [Prominent Type Designers](#prominent-type-designers)
- [Typography Timeline](#typography-timeline)
- [Eras of Printing Technology](#eras-of-printing-technology)
- [Often Disliked Fonts](#often-disliked-fonts)
- [Open-Source Typeface Projects](#open-source-typeface-projects)
- [Typeface Superfamilies](#typeface-superfamilies)
- [Custom Corporate Fonts](#custom-corporate-fonts)
- [Fonts by Government and Public Institutions](#fonts-by-government-and-public-institutions)
- [Notable Free Fonts](#notable-free-fonts)
- [Fonts on GitHub (Excluding Google Fonts)](#fonts-on-github-excluding-google-fonts)
- [Popular Fonts for Coding](#popular-fonts-for-coding)
- [Free Typeface Catalogs from Foundries](#free-typeface-catalogs-from-foundries)
- [Font Aggregators](#font-aggregators)
- [Font Marketplaces](#font-marketplaces)
- [Typography Web Tools](#typography-web-tools)
- [Influential Typefaces in Design](#influential-typefaces-in-design)
- [Typography Glossary](#typography-glossary)
- [Anatomy of Type](#anatomy-of-type)
- [Trivia](#trivia)
## Typeface Variants or Fonts
- Bold
- Italics
- Small Caps (SC)
- Normal/Roman/Medium/Text/Book/Regular
- Condensed / Narrow
- Extended
- Display / Titling
- Rounded
- Outline / Inline
- Shadowed
- Mono / Code
| by WEIGHT | by WIDTH |
| ---------------- | ------------------- |
| Thin/Hairline | Condensed |
| Extra/UltraLight | SemiCondensed (SCd) |
| Light | Normal/Roman |
| Regular/Book | SemiExpanded |
| Medium/Text | Expanded/Extended |
| Semi/DemiBold | |
| Bold | |
| Extra/UltraBold | |
| Black/Heavy | |
## Default Fonts
| Application | Font Name |
| ----------------- | --------------- |
| Windows | Segoe UI |
| MacOS | San Francisco |
| iOS | San Francisco |
| Android | Roboto |
| MS Office | Aptos, Calibri |
| Google Docs | Arial |
| TeX | Computer Modern |
| Kindle | Bookerly |
| Google Play Books | Literata |
> In early days Apple licensed fonts from Linotype and Microsoft from Monotype. Linotype and Monotype were the `Apple vs. Microsoft` of its era (i.e. hot metal typesetting days) and they had (metrically) similar fonts.
| Apple | Microsoft |
| ----------- | --------------- |
| Linotype | Monotype |
| Helvetica | Arial |
| Times Roman | Times New Roman |
| Courier | Courier New |
## Fonts in U.S. Elections
| Year | Font |
| ---- | ------------------ |
| 2000 | Myriad |
| 2004 | Helvetica Extended |
| 2008 | Gotham |
| 2012 | Proxima Nova |
| 2016 | Poppins |
| 2020 | Inter |
## Type Classification
The common typeface classifications are:
1. Serif
2. Sans serif
3. Monospaced
4. Display
5. Script
### Vox-ATypI Classification (Deprecated)
```
┌── Classicals [Oldstyle/Antiqua]
│ ├── Humanist
│ ├── Garalde [Aldine]
│ └── Transitional [Realist]
│
├── Moderns
│ ├── Didone
│ ├── Mechanistic [Slab Serif/Egyptian]
│ └── Lineal [Sans-Serif]
│ │
│ ├── Grotesque [Gothic]
│ ├── Neo-grotesque
│ ├── Geometric
│ └── Humanist
│
├── Calligraphics
│ ├── Glyphic [incised]
│ ├── Script [cursive]
│ ├── Graphic [manual]
│ ├── Blackletter
│ └── Gaelic
│
└── Non-Latin
```
#### Classicals
- **Humanist**: Centaur, Adobe Jenson, Trinité, Golden Type, Cloister Old Style
- **Garalde**: Garamond, Bembo, Sabon, Minion, Palatino, Caslon, Janson
- **Transitional**: Baskerville, Times, Joanna, Mrs Eaves, Miller, Perpetua
#### Moderns
- **Didone**: Bodoni, Didot, Walbaum, Ambroise, Scotch Roman
- **Mechanistic**: Clarendon, Egyptienne, Rockwell
- Lineal
#### Lineal
- **Grotesque**: Akzidenz Grotesk, Franklin Gothic, Knockout
- **Neo-grotesque**: Univers, Helvetica, DIN, Bell Centennial, Folio, Interstate
- **Geometric**: Futura, Eurostile, Gotham, Neutraface, Avant Garde Gothic, Kabel, Erbar
- **Humanist**: Gill Sans, Optima, Johnston, Frutiger, Meta, Myriad, Tahoma, Verdana, Trebuchet MS
#### Calligraphics
- **Glyphic**: Copperplate Gothic, Trajan, Lithos
- **Script**: Mistral, Francesca, Zapfino, Brush Script
- **Graphic**: Banco and Klang
- **Blackletter**: Fette Fraktur, Goudy Text, Old English, Textura, Schwabacher
- **Gaelic**: Duibhlinn, Uncial
## Renowned Type Foundries
1. Monotype
1. Linotype
2. Ascender Corp
3. Bitstream
4. FontFont (FF) (fontshop.com)
5. Fontsmith
6. URW Type Foundry
7. Hoefler & Co.
8. Berthold
9. International Typeface Corporation (ITC)
10. Colophon
2. Adobe Originals
3. American Type Founders (ATF) [Defunct]
4. Apple Inc.
5. Bauer type foundry
6. Blambot
7. Dalton Maag
8. Dharma Type
9. Emigre
10. Font Bureau
11. Google Design
12. Indian Type Foundry (ITF)
13. P22 Type Foundry
14. Paratype
15. Typotheque
16. Klim Type Foundry
17. Hoefler & Co.
18. Frere-Jones
19. Grilli Type
20. Lineto
21. DSType Foundry
22. Letters From Sweden
23. Lost Type Co-op
24. Foster Type
25. DJR
26. Dunwich Type
27. Edition Studio
28. Exljbris
29. Fatype
30. Florian Karsten
31. HvD Fonts
32. Just Another Foundry
33. Kometa
34. Milieu Grotesque
35. Nodo
36. Nonpareille
37. Nouvelle Noire
38. Or Type
39. Pangram Pangram Foundry
40. Pizza Typefaces
41. Play Type
42. Pretend Foundry
43. Studio René Bieder
44. General Type Studio
45. Bruta Types
## Prominent Type Designers
1. **JOHANNES GUTENBERG** (German)
2. **CLAUDE GARAMOND** (French)
3. **JOHN BASKERVILLE** (British)
4. **GIAMBATTISTA BODONI** (Italian)
5. **FIRMIN DIDOT** (French)
6. **JOHANN CHRISTIAN BAUER** (German) Fette Fraktur
7. **FREDERIC GOUDY** (American) Copperplate Gothic, Goudy Old Style and Kennerley
8. **EDWARD JOHNSTON** (British)
9. **MORRIS FULLER BENTON** (American) Franklin Gothic, Century Schoolbook, News Gothic, Bank Gothic, Hobo
10. **PAUL RENNER** (German) Futura
11. **OSWALD BRUCE 'OZ' COOPER** (American) Cooper Black
12. **ERIC GILL** (British) Gill Sans, Perpetua, Joanna
13. **STANLEY MORISON** (British) Times New Roman (with Victor Lardent), revival of Baskerville
14. **JAN TSCHICHOLD** (Swiss) Sabon, Zeus
15. **MAX MIEDINGER** (Swiss) Helvetica (with Eduard Hoffmann)
16. **HERMANN ZAPF** (German) Optima, Palatino, ITC Zapf Chancery, ITC Zapf Dingbats, Zapfino
17. **ED BENGUIAT** (American) Tiffany, Bookman, Panache, Souvenir, Benguiat and Benguiat Gothic.
18. **ADRIAN FRUTIGER** (Swiss) Univers, Frutiger, Avenir
19. **MARGARET CALVERT** (British) Transport, Rail Alphabet, Motorway, Calvert
20. **MATTHEW CARTER** (British) Georgia, Verdana, Tahoma, Bell Centennial, Skia
21. **DONALD KNUTH** (American) Computer Modern
22. **ERIK SPIEKERMANN** (German) FF Meta, ITC Officina Sans, FF Info
23. **ROBERT SLIMBACH** (American) Minion, Adobe Garamond, Utopia, Garamond Premier
24. **NEVILLE BRODY** (British) FF Blur, Industria, Arcadia, England Brody Typeface, TCCC Unity, SamsungOne Typeface
25. **CAROL TWOMBLY** (American) Trajan, Myriad, Adobe Caslon
26. **ALBERT-JAN POOL** (Dutch) FF DIN, DIN 1451
27. **MARTIN MAJOOR** (Dutch) FF Scala (1991) Telefont (1994)
28. **ZUZANA LICKO** (Slovak-born American) Mrs Eaves (based on Baskerville) and Filosofia (based on Bodoni).
29. **STEVE MATTESON** (American) Segoe, Aptos, Droid, Liberation font family, Noto and Open Sans
30. **JONATHAN HOEFLER** (American) Hoefler Text, Requiem, Archer (with Frere-Jones)
31. **TOBIAS FRERE-JONES** (American) Gotham, Interstate, Archer (with Jonathan Hoefler)
## Typography Timeline
```
┌── 1440 - Blackletter (Johannes Gutenberg)
├── 1470 - Roman Type (Nicolas Jenson)
├── 1501 - Italics (Aldus Manutius and Francesco Griffo)
│
├── 1720 - Old Style (William Caslon)
├── 1757 - Transitional (John Baskerville)
├── 1784 - Modern (Didot and Bodoni 1791)
├── 1803 - Fat Face (Robert Thorne)
│
├── 1816 - Sans Serif (William Caslon IV)
├── 1815 - Slab Serif (Vincent Figgins)
├── 1896 - Akzidenz-Grotesk
├── 1927 - Futura
├── 1957 - Univers, Helvetica
│
├── 1965 - Bitmap fonts
├── 1974 - Vector or Outline fonts
├── 1976 - Frutiger
├── 1984 - PostScript (Adobe)
├── 1991 - TrueType (Apple)
├── 1996 - OpenType (Microsoft and Adobe)
├── 1996 - CSS
├── 2009 - Web Open Font Format (WOFF)
└── 2016 - Variable fonts
```
### Eras of Printing Technology
```
┌── 3200 BC - Handwriting and calligraphy
├── 220 AD - Woodblock printing
├── 1040 AD (China) - Movable type letterpress printing
├── 1450 AD (Europe) - Movable type letterpress printing
├── 1800s - Wooden font molds
├── 1886 - Continuous casting (Linotype) (Hot metal typesetting)
├── 1950s - Phototypesetting (Cold type)
└── 1980s to present - Digital typography
```
## Often Disliked Fonts
> There is no such thing as a bad font. There are only bad uses for fonts.
1. Algerian
2. Bleeding Cowboys
3. Brush Script
4. Chalkboard
5. Comic Sans
6. Cooper Black
7. Copperplate
8. Curlz
9. Hobo
10. Impact
11. Lobster
12. Lucida Handwriting
13. Papyrus
14. Souvenir
15. Trajan
16. Zapfino
## Open-Source Typeface Projects
1. **Bitstream Vera** - donated by Matthew Carter, clones of Arial and Charter
2. **DejaVu fonts** - derived from Bitstream Vera (sans-serif) and Bitstream Charter (serif).
3. **GNU FreeFont** - Based on URW++ Nimbus, similar to Times, Helvetica and Courier.
4. **Liberation Fonts** - metrically compatible with Arial, Arial Narrow, Times New Roman and Courier New [link](https://github.com/liberationfonts/liberation-fonts)
5. **Linux Libertine** - similar to Times and Optima
6. **Nimbus Core** - URW++ clones of Courier, Helvetica and Times
7. **PT Fonts** - by ParaType for the project "Public Types of Russian Federation"
8. **QT Fonts** - 151 fonts by [Qualitype](http://luc.devroye.org/fonts-26839.html)
9. **STIX Fonts project** - Scientific and Technical Information Exchange, visually compatible with the Times New Roman family
10. The [**TeX Gyre**](https://www.gust.org.pl/projects/e-foundry/tex-gyre) (TG) Collection of Fonts
1. Adventor (ITC Avant Garde Gothic)
2. Bonum (ITC Bookman)
3. Chorus (ITC Zapf Chancery)
4. Cursor (Courier)
5. Heros (Helvetica)
6. Pagella (Palatino)
7. Schola (Century Schoolbook)
8. Termes (Times New Roman)
## Typeface Superfamilies
> A superfamily is the collective grouping of several explicitly related type families—such as a serif, sans, and slab—that all share the same underlying structure to their design.
- **Stone** by Sumner Stone, comprising Stone Serif, Stone Sans and Stone Informal
- **Rotis** by Otl Aicher, comprising rotis serif, rotis semi-serif, rotis semi-sans and rotis sans
- **Corporate ASE** by Kurt Weidemann, comprising Antiqua, Sans and Egyptienne
- **Thesis** by Lucas de Groot, comprising TheSans, TheSerif, TheMix and TheAntiqua
- **FF Meta** by Erik Spiekermann, comprising FF Meta, FF Meta Plus, and FF Meta Serif
- **Scala** by Martin Majoor, comprising FF Scala, FF Scala Sans, FF Scala Jewel, and FF Scala Hands
- **Sassoon** by Rosemary Sassoon and Adrian William Sassoon, comprising Sans, Sassoon Book, Sassoon Primary, Sassoon Infant and Sassoon Sans Slope
- **Computer Modern** by Donald E. Knuth for TeX default, comprising cmr (antiqua), cmss (grotesque) and cmtt (monospaced)
- **PT Fonts** (ParaType Russia) by Alexandra Korolkova et al, comprising PT Serif, PT Sans and PT Mono.
- **Liberation** by Steve Matteson, comprising Liberation Sans, Liberation Serif and Liberation Mono
- **Droid** (Google) by Steve Matteson, comprising Droid Sans, Droid Serif and Droid Sans Mono.
- **DIN Next** by Akira Kobayashi and Monotype, comprising DIN Next, DIN Next Rounded, DIN Next Slab, and DIN Next Stencil
- **Roboto** (Google) by Christian Robertson, comprising Roboto, condensed, Roboto Slab and Roboto Mono
- **Source** (Adobe) by Paul D. Hunt and Frank Grießhammer, comprising Source Sans Pro, Source Serif Pro and Source Code Pro
- **Merriweather** by Eben Sorkin, comprising Merriweather and Merriweather Sans
- **Noto** (Google) comprising Noto Sans, Noto Serif and Noto Mono, an expansion of the Droid family.
- **Fira** - Sans, mono, and code ligatures
- **Alegreya** - Serif, sans serif, and samll caps
- **Quattrocento** + Sans
- **IBM Plex** by Mike Abbink, comprising IBM Plex Sans, IBM Plex Sans Condensed, IBM Plex Serif and IBM Plex Mono
- **Inria** - Serif and sans serif, also swashes.
- **Gandhi** - Serif and sans
- **KP Fonts** Serif & KP Sans-Serif
- **Bespoke** - Sans, serif, slab, and stencil styes
## Custom Corporate Fonts
1. [Airbnb Cereal](https://airbnb.design/cereal/) by Dalton Maag on [GitHub](https://github.com/iyadh/cereal-airbnb-font)
2. Amazon [Ember](https://developer.amazon.com/en-US/alexa/branding/echo-guidelines/identity-guidelines/typography) for Echo & Bookerly for Kindle by Dalton Maag
3. Apple's [San Francisco](https://developer.apple.com/fonts/) on [GitHub](https://github.com/AppleDesignResources/SanFranciscoFont)
4. Atlassian's Charlie Sans by [Oh No Type](https://ohnotype.co/custom/atlassian)
5. [Balsamiq Sans Font](https://balsamiq.com/givingback/opensource/font/) on [GitHub](https://github.com/balsamiq/balsamiqsans)
6. BBC Reith by Dalton Maag
7. [Cal Sans](https://github.com/calcom/font) used by cal.com
8. Canva Sans by [Colophon Foundry](https://www.colophon-foundry.org/custom-projects/canva)
9. Cisco Sans on [GitHub](https://github.com/CiscoDevNet/CiscoUIKit/tree/master/dist/fonts/CiscoSans)
10. Coca Cola's TCCC Unity by [Brody Associates](https://brody-associates.com/)
11. Discord Ginto Nord for branding and gg sans for UI
12. Dropbox's [Sharp Grotesk](https://sharptype.co/case-studies/dropbox/) by Sharp Type
13. Duolingo's Feather Bold by Monotype
14. Durex's One Night Sans by Colophon
15. eBay's Market Sans
16. [Goldman Sans](https://design.gs.com/foundation/typography/goldman-sans)
17. [HackerNoon Font](https://github.com/hackernoon/font)
18. HP Simplified by Dalton Maag
19. [iA-Fonts](https://ia.net/topics/a-typographic-christmas) on [GitHub](https://github.com/iaolo/iA-Fonts)
20. Intel's [Clear Sans](https://github.com/intel/clear-sans) & [One Mono](https://github.com/intel/intel-one-mono)
21. [Instagram Sans](https://about.instagram.com/brand/type) by Colophon
22. [JetBrains Mono](https://www.jetbrains.com/lp/mono/) on [GitHub](https://github.com/JetBrains/JetBrainsMono)
23. Meta's Optimistic Font by Dalton Maag and [Saffron](https://saffron-consultants.com/work/meta)
24. [Netflix Sans](https://www.daltonmaag.com/portfolio/custom-fonts/netflix-sans.html) by Dalton Maag
25. Nokia Pure by Dalton Maag Ltd replaced Nokia Sans created by Erik Spiekermann
26. PayPal Sans by [Klim Type Foundry](https://klim.co.nz/custom-fonts/paypal-sans/)
27. Pinterest Sans by [Grilli Type](https://www.grillitype.com/commissions/pinterest)
28. [Reddit Sans](https://github.com/reddit/redditsans)
29. [Red Hat fonts](https://www.redhat.com/en/about/brand/standards/typography) on [GitHub](https://github.com/RedHatOfficial/RedHatFont) by [MCKL](https://mckltype.com/red-hat)
30. Salesforce Sans by Monotype
31. SAP's [72 Font family](https://experience.sap.com/fiori-design-web/downloads/)
32. Samsung's Sharp Sans by [Sharp Type](https://sharptype.co/case-studies/samsung-sharp-sans/) for Galaxy & SamsungOne for One UI
33. [Spotify Mix](https://newsroom.spotify.com/2024-05-22/introducing-spotify-mix-our-new-and-exclusive-font/) by [Dinamo](https://abcdinamo.com/)
34. Supernotes' [SN Pro](https://supernotes.app/blog/posts/sn-pro-font-family/) - based on Nunito
35. [TikTok Sans](https://newsroom.tiktok.com/en-us/introducing-tiktok-sans)
36. Tripadvisor's Trip Sans by Colophon
37. [Twilio Sans Mono](https://github.com/twilio/twilio-sans-mono) by Sharp Type
38. Twitter's [Chirp](https://blog.twitter.com/en_us/topics/company/2021/imperfect-by-design) by Grilli Type
39. Uber Move by [MCKL](https://mckltype.com/custom/uber)
40. Ubisoft Sans by Colophon
41. [Ubuntu Font Family](https://design.ubuntu.com/font) by Dalton Maag
42. Vercel's [Geist](https://vercel.com/font/sans)
43. Vodafone typeface by Dalton Maag
44. Wix [Madefor](https://www.wix.com/typeface/madefor) by Dalton Maag
45. YouTube Sans with design agency [Saffron](https://saffron-consultants.com/work/youtube)
## Fonts by Government and Public Institutions
1. [Public Sans](https://public-sans.digital.gov/) by U.S. Web Design System ([USWDS](https://designsystem.digital.gov/))
2. [Canada1500](http://typodermicfonts.com/canada1500/)
3. [Sweden Sans](https://sharingsweden.se/the-sweden-brand/brand-visual-identity/typography)
4. [Cooper Hewitt](https://www.cooperhewitt.org/open-source-at-cooper-hewitt/cooper-hewitt-the-typeface-by-chester-jenkins/) from Smithsonian Design Musium on [GitHub](https://github.com/cooperhewitt/cooperhewitt-typeface)
5. [e-Ukraine](https://thedigital.gov.ua/fonts)
6. [+Jakarta Sans](https://github.com/tokotype/PlusJakartaSans)
7. [Atkinson Hyperlegible](https://brailleinstitute.org/freefont) by Braille Institute for low vision readers
8. [B612](https://b612-font.com/) - Aeronautical Font by Airbus for cockpit screens
9. [National Park Typeface](https://nationalparktypeface.com/)
10. [SORA typeface](https://github.com/sora-xor/sora-font) - neutral sans serif typeface
## Notable Free Fonts
1. Adobe's Source Type Family on [GitHub](https://github.com/adobe-fonts)
2. Mozilla's [Fira Type Family](https://mozilla.github.io/Fira/) on [GitHub](https://github.com/mozilla/Fira)
3. [IBM Plex](https://www.ibm.com/plex/) on [GitHub](https://github.com/IBM/plex)
4. GitHub's [Monaspace superfamily](https://monaspace.githubnext.com/) & [Mona Sans](https://github.com/mona-sans)
5. [Inter](https://rsms.me/inter/) originally built for [Figma](https://www.figma.com/blog/the-birth-of-inter/)
6. [London Underground Dot-Matrix Typeface](https://github.com/petykowski/London-Underground-Dot-Matrix-Typeface)
7. [Averia](http://iotic.com/averia/) - the average font
8. [Routed Gothic Font](https://webonastick.com/fonts/routed-gothic/) - lettering style found on technical drawings (More links to other fonts)
9. [Redaction](https://www.redaction.us/)
10. [Cantarell](https://cantarell.gnome.org/)
11. [ZXX](https://www.librarystack.org/zxx/) - Illegible to OCR
12. [QCMU](https://quantum-village.github.io/QCMU-font.html) - to make diagrams of quantum circuits!
13. [Scunthorpe Sans](https://vole.wtf/scunthorpe-sans/) - censors bad language automatically
14. [OpenDyslexic](https://opendyslexic.org/) - A typeface for Dyslexia
15. [Shake](https://writewithparkinsons.com/) - A Typeface with Parkinson's
16. FE-Schrift - forgery-impeding typeface for licence plates.
17. [LAIKA](https://laikafont.ch/) – a dynamic typeface
18. [Luciole](https://www.luciole-vision.com/luciole-en.html) - for visually impaired people
19. [Universal Sans](https://universalsans.com/)
## Fonts on GitHub (Excluding Google Fonts)
1. [Common Sans](https://github.com/StefanPeev/Common-Sans) A neo-grotesque sans serif font family
2. [Open Sauce Fonts](https://github.com/marcologous/Open-Sauce-Fonts) Creative Sauce's internal type super family.
3. [Open Runde](https://github.com/lauridskern/open-runde) rounded variant of Inter.
4. [Young Serif](https://github.com/noirblancrouge/YoungSerif) a heavy weight old style serif typeface
5. [Optician Sans](https://github.com/anewtypeofinterference/Optician-Sans) Typeface based on the historical eye charts and optotypes used by opticians world wide.
6. [Metropolis](https://github.com/typehaus/metropolis) A modern, geometric typeface.
7. [Wanted Sans](https://github.com/wanteddev/wanted-sans) Geometric with a heart, Humanist with a soul
8. [Techna Sans](https://github.com/carlstype/techna-sans) Sharp, geometric typeface
9. [Overused Grotesk](https://github.com/RandomMaerks/Overused-Grotesk) - classic neo-grotesk Swiss design
10. [Aspekta](https://github.com/ivodolenc/aspekta) - modern sans-serif collection
11. [basement grotesque](https://github.com/basementstudio/basement-grotesque)
12. [Helmet](https://github.com/carlstype/helmet) - a neo-grotesque display typeface.
13. [Outfit Fonts](https://github.com/Outfitio/Outfit-Fonts) - geometric sans
14. [Mohave Typefaces](https://github.com/tokotype/Mohave-Typefaces) - Titling Display Fonts
15. [Aspekta](https://github.com/ivodolenc/aspekta) - modern sans-serif collection
16. [Sprat](https://github.com/EthanNakache/Sprat-type) - display typeface based on an alphabet by Eric Gill.
17. [Oxanium](https://sev.dev/fonts/oxanium/) - a square, futuristic font family.
18. [Formera](https://github.com/noirblancrouge/Formera) - Futura Renner
19. [Some Time Later](https://github.com/ctrlcctrlv/some-time-later) - Font inspired by the title and time cards in the Nickelodeon cartoon SpongeBob SquarePants.
20. [Type With Pride](https://github.com/Fontself/TypeWithPride) - inspired by the Rainbow Flag
## Popular Fonts for Coding
1. [Iosevka](https://typeof.net/Iosevka/)
2. [JetBrains Mono](https://www.jetbrains.com/lp/mono/)
3. [Monaspace](https://monaspace.githubnext.com/)
4. [Input](https://input.djr.com/)
5. [Hack](https://sourcefoundry.org/hack/)
6. [Berkeley Mono](https://berkeleygraphics.com/typefaces/berkeley-mono/)
7. [Intel One Mono](https://github.com/intel/intel-one-mono)
8. [Monocraft](https://github.com/IdreesInc/Monocraft) - Minecraft typeface
9. [Miracode](https://github.com/IdreesInc/Miracode) Sharper Monocraft
10. [Commit Mono](https://commitmono.com/)
11. [Comic Code](https://tosche.net/fonts/comic-code)
12. [Victor Mono](https://rubjo.github.io/victor-mono/)
13. [MonoLisa](https://www.monolisa.dev/)
14. [mononoki](https://madmalik.github.io/mononoki/)
15. [0xProto](https://github.com/0xType/0xProto)
16. [Agave](https://github.com/blobject/agave)
## Free Typeface Catalogs from Foundries
1. [Fontshare](https://www.fontshare.com/) by Indian Type Foundry. 100 fonts, 59 pairs.
2. [indestructible type\*](https://indestructibletype.com/Home.html) by Owen Earl. 7 typefaces.
3. [UNCUT.wtf](https://uncut.wtf/) 150 typefaces.
4. [Omnibus-Type](https://www.omnibus-type.com/) 28 variable fonts.
5. [Open Foundry](https://open-foundry.com/fonts) 31 variable fonts.
6. [The League Of Moveable Type](https://www.theleagueofmoveabletype.com/) 17 typefaces.
7. [Free Faces](https://www.freefaces.gallery/) 77 typefaces.
8. [Collletttivo](https://www.collletttivo.it/) 12 typefaces.
9. [Brick](https://brick.im/fonts/) 60 typefaces.
10. [The Velvetyne Type Foundry (VTF)](https://velvetyne.fr/)
11. [Collletttivo](https://www.collletttivo.it/) 12 typefaces.
12. [Paratype](https://www.paratype.com/catalog?freefonts=true) 12 font families.
## Font Aggregators
1. [Google Fonts](https://fonts.google.com/) font files on [GitHub](https://github.com/google/fonts/tree/main/ofl)
2. [Fontsource](https://fontsource.org/) 1695 families. NPM packages.
3. [Online Web Fonts](https://www.onlinewebfonts.com/fonts) - font files from websites
4. [Font Meme](https://fontmeme.com/) - Discover fonts used in popular culture.
5. [FontBolt](https://www.fontbolt.com/) - Generate your text from pop culture fonts.
6. [1001 Free Fonts](https://www.1001freefonts.com/)
7. [Abstract Fonts](https://www.abstractfonts.com/) 10,000+ fonts.
8. [BeFonts](https://befonts.com/)
9. [CreativeTacos](https://creativetacos.com/category/free-fonts/) 3300 fonts
10. [DaFont](https://www.dafont.com/) 82,320 fonts.
11. [Dafont Free](https://www.dafontfree.io/) 14,265 fonts.
12. [Font.Download](https://font.download/) 200,000+ Free Fonts
13. [Font Library](https://fontlibrary.org/en/catalogue) 1,366 fonts.
14. [Fontasy](http://fontasy.org/) 1105 fonts
15. [FontCubes](http://www.fontcubes.com/)
16. [FontM](https://fontm.com/)
17. [FontPalace](https://www.fontpalace.com/)
18. [FontPark](https://fontpark.com/)
19. [FontReach](https://www.fontreach.com/) 2,700 fonts.
20. [FontRiver](https://www.fontriver.com/) 60,000 fonts.
21. [Fontsly](https://fontsly.com/)
22. [FontSpace](https://www.fontspace.com/)
23. [FontSpring](https://www.fontspring.com/)
24. [FontSquirrel](https://www.fontsquirrel.com/)
25. [FontStruct](https://fontstruct.com/gallery)
26. [FontZone](https://fontzone.net/)
27. [FreebiesBug](https://freebiesbug.com/free-fonts/)
28. [Urban Fonts](https://www.urbanfonts.com/free-fonts.htm)
## Font Marketplaces
- [Monotype Fonts](https://www.monotypefonts.com/)
- [MyFonts](https://www.myfonts.com/) by Monotype
- [Adobe Fonts](https://fonts.adobe.com/)
- [Type Network](https://typenetwork.com/)
## Typography Web Tools
1. [Beautiful Web Type](https://beautifulwebtype.com/) 39 typefaces. Pairings, features.
2. [Identifont](http://www.identifont.com/index.html) - Fonts by appearance, name, similarity, designer or publisher.
3. [NerdFonts](https://www.nerdfonts.com/font-downloads) - coding fonts with glyphs / icons patches.
4. [ProgrammingFonts](https://www.programmingfonts.org/) - test drive 138 programming fonts
5. [Coding Font](https://www.codingfont.com/) - find your favorite coding font
6. [Dev Fonts](https://devfonts.gafi.dev/) - List of fonts for coding
7. [TypeWar](https://typewar.com/) - Identify font game.
8. [Shape Type](https://shape.method.ac/) - Adjust letter shape game.
9. [Kern Type](https://type.method.ac/) - a letter spacing / kerning game.
10. [Modern Font Stacks](https://modernfontstacks.com/) System font stack CSS organized by typeface classification for every modern OS
11. [System Font Stacks](https://systemfontstack.com/)
12. [Wakamai Fondue](https://wakamaifondue.com/beta/) - What can my font do?
13. [Golden Ratio Typography Calculator](https://grtcalculator.com/)
14. [Typescale](https://typescale.com/)
15. [Modular Scale](https://www.modularscale.com/)
16. [Archetype](https://archetypeapp.com/) - Font pairing and size
17. [Fontjoy](https://fontjoy.com/) - Font pairing made simple
18. [FontPair](https://www.fontpair.co/all)
19. [WordMark](https://wordmark.it/) - Compare multiple fonts in a visual grid.
20. [Typefaceoff](https://typefaceoff.github.io/typefaceoff/) for facing off typefaces.
21. [Font Library](https://fontlibrary.dev/?) - Google fonts by tags
22. [GooFonts](https://goofonts.com/) - Google fonts tagged
## Influential Typefaces in Design
1. **BASKERVILLE** Designed by _John Baskerville_, 1757
2. **BODONI** Designed by _Giambattista Bodoni_, 1790s
3. ADOBE **CASLON** Designed by _Carol Twombly_, 1990, based on pages printed by _William Caslon_, 1734-70
4. **CENTAUR** Designed by _Bruce Rogers_, 1912-14. The _italic_, by _Frederic Warde_, is based on the fifteenth-century hand of _Ludovico delgi Arrighi_.
5. **CENTURY EXPANDED** Designed by _Morris Fuller Benton_, 1900
6. **CLARENDON** Named for the Clarendon Press, Oxford, who commissioned it in 1845
7. HTF **DIDOT** Designed by _Jonathan Hoefler_, 1992, inspired by the types of _Francois Ambroise Didot_, 1784
8. **FEDRA SANS** Designed by _Peter Bilak_, 2001, who was asked to create a "de-Prostestantized Univers"
9. **FILOSOFIA** Designed by _Zuzana Licko_, 1996, a revival of the types of Bodoni
10. **FRUTIGER** Designed by _Adrian Frutiger_, 1976
11. **FRANKLIN GOTHIC** Designed by _Morris Fuller Benton_, 1904
12. **FUTURA** Designed by _Paul Renner_, 1927, who sought an "honest expression of technical processes."
13. **GEORGIA** Designed by _Matthew Carter_, 1996, for display on screen
14. **GILL SANS** Designed by _Eric Gill_, 1928. It has been described as Britain's Helvetica.
15. ADOBE **GARAMOND** Designed by _Robert Slimbach_, 1989, based on pages printed by _Claude Garamond_ in the sixteenth century
16. **GOTHAM** Designed by _Tobias Frere-Jones_, 2000, inspired by lettering found at Port Authority Bus Terminal, New York City
17. **HELVETICA** Designed by _Max Miedinger_, 1957
18. **HOEFLER TEXT** Designed by _Jonathan Hoefler_, c. 1995
19. **INTERSTATE** Designed by _Tobias Frere-Jones_, 1993, inspired by U.S. highway signs
20. ADOBE **JENSON** Designed by _Robert Slimbach_, 1995
21. **META** Designed by _Erik Spiekermann_, 1991
22. **MRS EAVES** Designed by _Zuzana Licko_, 1996, inspired by pages printed by _John Baskerville_
23. **NEUTRAFACE** Designed by _Christian Schwartz_, House Industries, 2002, based on lettering created by the architect _Richard Neutra_ in the 1940s and 1950s
24. **NOBEL** Designed by _Tobias Frere-Jones_, 1993, based on 1929 types by the Dutch typographer _Sjoerd Henrik de Roos_. Frere-Jones describes Nobel as "Futura cooked in a dirty pan."
25. **NEWS GOTHIC** Designed by _Morris Fuller Benton_, 1908
26. **QUADRAAT** Designed by _Fred Smeijers_, 1992
27. **SABON** Designed by _Jan Tschichold_, 1966, inspired by the sixteenth-century types of _Claude Garamond_
28. **SCALA** Designed by _Martin Majoor_, 1991
29. **THESIS SERIF** Designed by _Lucas de Groot_, 1994
30. **TRADE GOTHIC** Designed by _Jackson Burke_, 1948-60, inspired by nineteenth-century grotesques
31. **UNIVERS** Designed by _Adrian Frutiger_, 1957
32. **VERDANA** Designed by _Matthew Carter_, 1996, for display on screen
33. **WALBAUM** Designed by _Justus Erich Walbaum_, 1800
Source: _Thinking with Type_ by Ellen Lupton
## Typography Glossary
1. **Grotesk**: The common German name for sans serif faces, as opposed to “Antiqua” which means serif face.
2. **Antiqua**: The common German and Scandinavian names for serif faces, The Scandinavian name is “Antikva”.
3. **Roman**: Standard type style or regular weight of an upright typeface
4. **Diacritics**: A diacritic is an ancillary mark or sign added to a letter. Accents are one type of diacritics.
5. **Dingbats**: Decorative symbols and characters that are generally not included in a font or character set, including boxes, bullets, arrows, pointers, and other characters. Often made up into their own font.
6. **Oldstyle figures**: Numbers that have different heights, some aligning to the baseline, some below. Oldstyle figures harmonize well with lowercase letters. Using oldstyle figures helps keep the numbers from standing out too much and disturbing the overall flow of the typography on the page. Oldstyle figures can be _proportional_ or _tabular_.
7. **Lining figures (LF)**: Numbers that rest on the baseline, and are usually the same height as capital letters. Lining figures can be tabular or proportional.
8. **Font**: particular size or style of a typeface, say 10 point regular or 24 point italic.
9. **Typeface**: the specific design of the letters, say Times New Roman or Baskerville.
10. **Glyph**: individual symbols of the typeface, say letter, number, punctuation mark, accented variations, etc.
11. **Baseline, Cap Line, x-Height**
12. **Tracking** is Letter-Spacing.
13. **Kerning** is spacing between two specific letters, eg. LT, VA or To.
14. **Leading** is Line-Spacing.
15. Fixed-width is **Monospaced**.
16. Italics is _not_ same as Slanted or Oblique.
17. **Ink trap** An ink trap is an intentional negative space built into the design of characters’ letterforms to literally trap ink at certain intersections of the strokes, where ink might pool or bleed and create an undesirable emboldening of the text. It is only needed for small point sizes and are usually only found on typefaces designed for printing on newsprint. But in modern typefaces often serve a more stylistic purpose rather than their traditional intent.
18. **Widows & orphans** A widow is the one (or few) words that appears at the top of a new page. An orphan is a single word (or syllable) that sits at the bottom of a paragraph of text.
19. Faux, fake, pseudo, or synthesized - When software attempts to emulate an italic style, bold (or other) weight, ordinals, or small caps in lieu of actual font files for those variants.
## Anatomy of Type
> Examples depend on the typeface, may not be present in this font.
1. **Aperture**: partially enclosed, somewhat rounded negative space (n, c, C, s, S, e)
2. **Apex**: in the capital ‘A’.
3. **Arm**: A horizontal or upward, sloping stroke that does not connect. (r, E, F, T, V)
4. **Ascender**: partially enclosed, somewhat rounded negative space (b, d, f, h, k)
5. **Axis / Stress**: An imaginary line drawn from top to bottom of a glyph bisecting the upper and lower strokes is the axis.
6. **Ball / Teardrop Terminal** (‘f’)
7. **Beak**: decorative stroke at the end of the arm (More pronounced serifs of E, F)
8. **Bowl**: The curved part of the character that encloses the circular or curved parts (or counter) (d,b,o,g,D,B)
9. **Counter**: The open or negative space in a fully or partly closed area within a letter. Bowl + Aperture letters.
10. **Cross Stroke**: (f/t)
11. **Crossbar**: horizontal stroke across the middle of uppercase ‘A’ and ‘H’.
12. **Crotch**: (V/W/Y) - where two strokes meet and form an interior angle.
13. **Descender**: Any part in a lowercase letter that extends below the baseline (g, j, p, q, y, etc.)
14. **Double-storey**: A double-storey ‘a’ or ‘g’ has two counters.
15. **Ear**: Typically found on the lowercase double storey ‘g’, an ear is a finishing stroke usually on the upper right side of the bowl.
16. **Eye**: Enclosed space in a lowercase ‘e’.
17. **Finial / Taper**
18. **Flag**: The horizontal stroke at the top of the numeral ‘5’.
19. **Gadzook**: An embellishment that connects the letters in a ligature but is not originally part of either letter.
20. **Hook**: of ‘f’,‘J’ and ‘j’.
21. **Leg**: (‘K’, ‘k’ and ‘R’)
22. **Ligature**: (‘fi’, ‘fl’, ‘ff’, ‘ffl’)
23. **Loop/Lobe**: In some double-storey ‘g’
24. **Neck / Link**: The link connecting the top and bottom bowls of some lowercase ‘g’.
25. **Overshoot** is the part of a letterform that extends above or below the vertical dimensions of flatter glyphs.
26. **Shoulder**: arm that is connected on both ends (‘h’, ‘m’, ‘n’)
27. **Spine**: The main curve in ‘S’ and ‘s’.
28. **Spur**: Small protruding part on uppercase ‘G’.
29. **Stem**
30. **Swash**: An elegant extension on a letter form, either a modification of an existing part or an added-on part.
31. **Tail**: of an uppercase ‘Q’.
32. **Tittle**: The dot on the ‘i’ and the ‘j’.
33. **Vertex**: The point at the bottom (or top) of a character where two strokes meet, for example the ‘v’, ‘V’, ‘w’, ‘W’ etc.
## Trivia
- The name Noto is short for No Tofu, where tofu is a term often used to describe the little squares that show when a font is not supported by a computer.
- The Coca-Cola Company’s first ever proprietary typeface, TCCC Unity, stands for The Coca-Cola Company.
- Neutraface was inspired by Austrian-American architect Richard Neutra, nothing with being neutral.
- The Doves Type was revived after searching the riverbed of the Thames near Hammersmith Bridge.
- The mimicry typeface Wonton font is also known as Chinese, chopstick, chop suey, or kung-fu font. Subtle!
- The surviving matrices based on which Janson typeface is developed, may not be made by Anton Janson but by Miklós (Nicholas) Tótfalusi Kis.