Uncategorized

• Adept - A blazing fast language for general purpose programming.
• AdvSys - AdvSys - A Language for Writing Text Adventure Games
• Agda - Agda is a dependently typed functional programming language. It has inductive families, i.e., data types which depend on values, such as the type of vectors of a given length. It also has parametrised modules, mixfix operators, Unicode characters, and an interactive Emacs interface which can assist the programmer in writing the program.
• Aith - Low level functional programming language with linear types, Generalized Inline Functions, levity polymorphism and regions. Aith is a perfomant systems programming language with am empathises on type systems. As of now Aith is very early stages and very little is implemented.
• Alan - Alan is a Autoscalable Programming Language:
• Alda - Alda is a text-based programming language for music composition. It allows you to compose and play back music using only your text editor and the command line.
• Alumina - Alumina is an imperative, general-purpose, statically typed, compiled system programming language. Alumina is heavily inspired by Rust, especially in terms of syntax and standard library API. Unlike Rust, however, Alumina is not memory-safe and it requires manual memory management.
• Ante - Ante is a low-level functional language for exploring refinement types, lifetime inference, and other fun features. In general, ante is low-level (no GC, values aren't boxed by default) while also trying to be as readable as possible by encouraging high-level approaches that can be optimized with low-level details later on.
• Antimony - Antimony is a general-purpose toy language. Its primary goal is to be simple and easy to understand, not to be efficient.
• Ape - Ape is an easy to use programming language and library written in C. It's an offspring of Monkey language, but it evolved to be more procedural with variables, loops, operator overloading, modules, and more.
• April - April (Array Programming Re-Imagined in Lisp) - The APL programming language (a subset thereof) compiling to Common Lisp.
• Arend - Arend is a theorem prover and a programming language based on Homotopy Type Theory.
• Argo - Pragmatic functional programming language.
• Argon - Argon is an interpreted multi-paradigm dynamically typed programming language. Its syntax is mainly influenced by Python, Go and Rust.
• Ark - Ark is a tiny, fast, and **somewhat** useful programming language focused on runtime stability and simple code syntax. Every instruction is a single character, but it is NOT an esolang. (anymore)
• Ark - Ark is a systems programming language focused on being practical and pragmatic. We want a language that is simple, easy to write, yet powerful enough to create readable, performant and concise code for any problem
• ArkScript - ArkScript is a small, fast, functional and scripting language for C++ projects ; the syntax is inspired by Lisp. It's a scripting language aiming for high portability and easily embedding in C++ projects, with a few nice features such as tail call optimization and macros.
• Arturo - Arturo is an independently-developed, modern programming language, vaguely related to various other ones - including but not limited to Logo, Rebol, Forth, Ruby, Haskell, D, SmallTalk, Tcl, and Lisp. The language has been designed following some very simple and straightforward principles: a) Code is just a list of words and symbols, b) Words and symbols within a block are interpreted - when needed - according to the context, c) No reserved words or keywords - look for them as hard as you can; there are absolutely none.
• astro - Astro is a fun programming language designed for safe high-performance applications. It is essentially a statically-typed systems language that
• ATS - ATS is a statically typed programming language that unifies implementation with formal specification. It is equipped with a highly expressive type system rooted in the framework Applied Type System, which gives the language its name. In particular, both dependent types and linear types are available in ATS.
• Avail - Avail is a multi-paradigmatic general purpose programming language whose feature set emphasizes support for articulate programming. Avail is an open-source project that comprises a language virtual machine and a standard library.
• Backlang - A new Rust, C# inspired Language for .Net
• Bait - Bait is a compiled general purpose programming language with a simple syntax but still powerful feature set and standard library for building reliable software.
• Ballerina - Ballerina is an open-source programming language for the cloud that makes it easier to use, combine, and create network services.
• Barn - Barn is a simple programming language written in GoLang and compiled to C++. Syntax is very simple, and Barn can call C/C++ functions natively so creating new bindings should be easy. Barn was written with the goal of being as fast and easy to use as possible. Barn is just a little project with which I can chill and just code.
• Battlestar - Subset of assembly with an alternative syntax and with support for inline C, specifically for 64-bit x86 Linux, 32-bit x86 Linux and 16-bit x86 DOS.
• Beanshell - BeanShell is a small, free, embeddable Java source interpreter with object scripting language features, written in Java. BeanShell dynamically executes standard Java syntax and extends it with common scripting conveniences such as loose types, commands, and method closures like those in Perl and JavaScript.
• Beef - Beef is a performance-oriented compiled programming language.
• Berry - A ultra-lightweight embedded scripting language optimized for microcontrollers.
• Beryl - Beryl is a small, interpreted, embeddable scripting language with value semantics and first class functions. The main feature of Beryl is that the core interpreter can run without any dynamic memory allocation*, and it does not need to parse or compile scripts beforehand. It can also be built without any external dependencies, excluding some typedefines and constants needed from stddef.h and limits.h; however these could be provived from a custom header if needed.
• Bhl - BeHavior Language is a strictly typed programming language specifically tailored for gameplay logic scripting.
• Bite - Bite is a dynamically typed, object oriented programming language. Dynamically typed, because the type of the content of a variable can change during runtime of the program. Object-oriented, because you can define classes to encapsulate your code and data. Bite uses modules, classes and functions to separate code.
• BL - The Biscuit Language (BL) is simple imperative programming language using LLVM backend implemented in C. Biscuit is designed to be simple, fast and explicit. Language syntax is inspired by JAI.
• Blade - Blade is a simple, clean, and embeddable dynamic programming language created to be simple enough for beginners, yet powerful and expressive for professionals. It has a very small syntax set with a very low learning curve. Blade improves upon the best features of JavaScript, Python, and Ruby to give developers a familiar and powerful system that feels native for developers coming from any of these languages and an easy way to leverage the strength of any.
• Blech - Blech is a language for developing reactive, real-time critical embedded software.
• BlitzMax - BlitzMax is a fast cross-platform, open-source programming language.
• Bob - Bob is a simple object-oriented scripting language. Bob’s syntax is similar to C or C++ but it is dynamically typed and has automatic memory management.
• Bob2 - Revised version of Bob derived from the Nuon work at VM Labs
• Boba - A general purpose statically-typed concatenative programming language. Key features include:
• Boo - Boo is an object-oriented, statically typed, general-purpose programming language that seeks to make use of the Common Language Infrastructure's support for Unicode, internationalization, and web applications, while using a Python-inspired syntax[2] and a special focus on language and compiler extensibility. Some features of note include type inference, generators, multimethods, optional duck typing, macros, true closures, currying, and first-class functions.
• Borealis - Borealis is a small, elegant and consistent scripting language. Includes a C-like syntax that's easy to implement.
• Bosque - Bosque is an open-source project focused on developing a new Programming Language and Development Tooling Stack. The foundation of this project is the view that mechanization and automated reasoning, along with human and AI agents that leverage them, are the ideas that will define the next era of software development. The foundation of the Bosque language and stack is a carefully constructed core calculus and computation model that are uniquely amenable to automated reasoning. Building on top of this core calculus the Bosque language, as seen by a developer, is a hybrid of functional programming design, ergonomic block & assignment-based syntax, and a number of new features designed to simplify and support writing high reliability code.
• BQN - An APL-like programming language. Self-hosted!
• Brython - A Python 3 implementation for client-side web programming.
• Bulfinch - Just a little toy language to learn about register-based VMs.
• Buzz - A small/lightweight statically typed scripting language written in Zig.
• β-Juliet - β-Juliet is a fairly minimal event-oriented language. In β-Juliet, the world is modelled as a set of events which have no inherent organization or order. Each event can be denoted with a symbol, such as DominoFalls, CatMeows, or SunSets, or (in version 2.0) a string of symbols, such as Address Line Six Goes High or Greengrocer Falls Asleep on Subway. Each event can cause other events to occur — these are termed consequences of the event. In addition, this causation may be conditional, but the only condition that is possible to check is: given two events, which one happened more recently?
• C2 - The C2 project attempts to create a new language, strongly based on C. In a nutshell, the main differences with C are:
• C3 - C3 is a C-like language trying to be "an incremental improvement over C" rather than a whole new language.
• Cakelisp - A metaprogrammable, hot-reloadable, non-garbage-collected language ideal for high performance, iteratively-developed programs (especially games).
• CakeML - CakeML is a verified implementation of a significant subset of Standard ML.
• Calc4 - Calc4 is a programming language where everything in its code is an operator.
• Calcit - Calcit is an interpreter built with Rust, and also a JavaScript code emitter. It's inspired mostly by ClojureScript. Calcit-js emits JavaScript in ES Modules syntax.
• Cane - A small MIDI sequencer DSL designed around vectors and euclidean rhythms.
• Cant - a programming language descended mainly from E and Scheme.
• Carbon - Carbon is fundamentally a successor language approach, rather than an attempt to incrementally evolve C++. It is designed around interoperability with C++ as well as large-scale adoption and migration for existing C++ codebases and developers.
• Carp - A statically typed lisp, without a GC, for real-time applications. Carp is a small programming language designed to work well for interactive and performance sensitive use cases like games, sound synthesis and visualizations.
• Cassette - A new evolutionary highlevel and readable tape language (unlike brainf), with pattern matching, arity overloading, modules, lambdas (rather quotes) and much more; All topped on with a simple and aesthetic syntax.
• Cat9 - Cat9 is a user shell script for LASH - a command-line shell that discriminates against terminal emulators, written in Lua. You probably have not heard of LASH before. If you really must know, check the Backstory section below. LASH just provides some basic shared infrastructure and a recovery shell. It then runs a user provided script that actually provides most of the rules for how the command line is supposed to look and behave.
• ChaiScript - ChaiScript is one of the only embedded scripting language designed from the ground up to directly target C++ and take advantage of modern C++ development techniques, working with the developer how they would expect it to work. Being a native C++ application, it has some advantages over existing embedded scripting languages:
• Chapel - Chapel is a modern programming language designed for productive parallel computing at scale. Chapel's design and implementation have been undertaken with portability in mind, permitting Chapel to run on multicore desktops and laptops, commodity clusters, and the cloud, in addition to the high-end supercomputers for which it was originally undertaken.
• Charm - Charm is a data-oriented scripting language.
• Ciao - Ciao is a modern Prolog implementation that builds up from a logic-based simple kernel designed to be portable, extensible, and modular.
• Cicada - Cicada language is a dependently typed programming language and an interactive theorem prover. The aim of cicada project is to help people understand that developing software and developing mathematics are increasingly the same kind of activity, and people who practices these developments, can learn from each other, and help each other in very good ways.
• Circle - Circle is the richest C++ compiler yet. Circle describes a path for evolving C++ to meet the needs of institutional users. The versioning mechanism that accommodated the development of the features above will also accommodate research into critically important areas like memory safety. Rather than insisting on a one-size-fit's-all approach to language development, project leads can opt into collections of features that best target their projects' needs. Features:
• Cish - A minimal, performant, strongly-typed, and multi-paradigm programming language focused on being practical and pragmatic, yet powerful enough to create readable, performant and concise code for any problem. While Cish has as much to do with Forth as Javascript has with Java, it shares the same minimalist, performance oriented approach and philosophy.
• CLAIRE4 - Claire is a general-purpose programming language, best suited to application software requiring sophisticated data modeling, rule processing or problem solving. WebClaire adds extensions for fuller integration with the operating system and for programming web applications.
• clio - Clio is a functional, distributed programming language that compiles to JavaScript. It runs in the browser and on the server and is made to be a suitable language for scientific programming. Clio takes advantage of multiple CPUs and multiple CPU cores (parallelism) by default, is able to use network resources, is easy to run on clusters and on the cloud.
• Clojure - A dialect of Lisp, and shares with Lisp the code-as-data philosophy and a powerful macro system. Clojure is predominantly a functional programming language, and features a rich set of immutable, persistent data structures. When mutable state is needed, Clojure offers a software transactional memory system and reactive Agent system that ensure clean, correct, multithreaded designs.
• clprolf - clprolf (CLear PROgramming Language and Framework) has been made for simplify programming, especially OOP. It is a superset of java. The clprolf framework is available for Java, C#, or PHP.
• Clue - Clue is a programming language that compiles into Lua code with a syntax similar to languages like C or Rust. Clue tries to be almost as simple as Lua (with only a slightly more advanced syntax) but adds many optional features that can make code look better or make some things (like metatables) easier to code. Clue does not compile to a specfic version of Lua: flags can be toggled to alter the output to allow most if not all versions or modifications of Lua to be compiled to with Clue.
• Cmajor - Cmajor is an experimental programming language strongly influenced by C++ and C#. It is semantically closer to C++ than C# and syntactically closer to C# than C++.
• Coconut - Simple, elegant, Pythonic functional programming.
• Cod - Cod is an opensource concatenative stack-based general purpose programming language. Its transpiled to C and then compiled further to a native executable using external compilers like GCC.
• Cognate - Cognate is a quasi-concatenative stack oriented language that uses embedded comments to read like English prose. It is a dynamic language (yet compiled) and makes great use of combinators and higher order functions. Cognate aims to make functional programming simple, readable, and maintainable.
• colm - Colm = COmputer Language Machinery. Colm is a programming language designed for the analysis and transformation of computer languages. Colm is influenced primarily by TXL
• Common Expression Language - The Common Expression Language (CEL) implements common semantics for expression evaluation, enabling different applications to more easily interoperate.
• Compis - Contemporary systems programming language in the spirit of C.
• Cone - Cone is a fast, fit, friendly, and safe systems programming language. Ideal for complex, data-rich programs requiring responsive performance (e.g., 3D).
• Coq - Coq is a formal proof management system. It provides a formal language to write mathematical definitions, executable algorithms and theorems together with an environment for semi-interactive development of machine-checked proofs.
• Core - A modern, minimal programming language. In a world in which languages add features until they collapse under their own weight, build a language that is content with itself.
• Cotowali - A statically typed scripting language that transpile into POSIX sh
• Covariant Script - Covariant Script is an open source, cross-platform programming language. High-performance runtime environment. Self-developed efficient compilation system. Powerful and bloat-free extension system
• Cowgol - A self-hosted Ada-inspired programming language for very small systems. Cowgol is an experimental, Ada-inspired language for very small systems (6502, Z80, etc). It's different because it's intended to be self-hosted on these devices: the end goal is to be able to rebuild the entire compiler on an 8-bit micro, although we're not there yet.
• Cppfront - Cppfront is an experimental compiler from a potential C++ 'syntax 2' (Cpp2) to today's 'syntax 1' (Cpp1), to learn some things, prove out some concepts, and share some ideas. This compiler is a work in progress and currently hilariously incomplete... basic functions work, classes will be next, then metaclasses and lightweight exceptions.
• Crumb - Crumb is a high level, functional, interpreted, dynamically typed, general-purpose programming language, with a terse syntax, and a verbose standard library.
• Crush - Crush is an attempt to make a traditional command line shell that is also a modern programming language. It has the features one would expect from a modern programming language like a type system, closures and lexical scoping, but with a syntax geared toward both batch and interactive shell usage.
• Crystal - Crystal is a language with a Ruby like sintax, statically type-checked. It supports compile-time evaluation and code generation. It compiles to efficient native code.
• CSL - CSL is a simple lisp-like macro language for scripting high-level logic and data structures in a way that interfaces easily to the C programming language
• Cubiml - Cubiml is a simple ML-like programming language with subtyping and full type inference. You can try it out online in your browser [here](https://storyyeller.github.io/cubiml-demo/demo.html).
• Cyber - Cyber is a fast, efficient, and concurrent scripting language. You can embed it into your applications, games, or engines on desktop or web. Cyber also comes with a CLI, so you can do scripting on your computer.
• Céu - Céu is a reactive language that aims to offer a higher-level and safer alternative to C.
• C∀ - C? (Cforall) is a language design extending ISO C. The purpose of the project is to engineer modern language features into C in an evolutionary rather than revolutionary way. Java is an example of the revolutionary approach of modernizing C/C++, resulting in a new language rather than an extension of its descendents. C++, Fortran 95 and Cobol 9X are examples of the evolutionary approach where modern language features are added and problems fixed within the framework of an existing language.
• D - General-purpose programming language with static typing, systems-level access, and C-like syntax.
• Dachs - Dachs is a general-purpose programming language designed to be enjoyable, statically-typed and dog-friendly. Dachs is intended to be used for efficient applications and tools development, not for system programming.
• Dafny - Dafny is a verification-ready programming language. As you type in your program, Dafny's verifier constantly looks over your shoulder, flags any errors, shows you counterexamples, and congratulates you when your code matches your specifications. When you're done, Dafny can compile your code to C#, Java, JavaScript or Go (more to come!), so it can integrate with your existing workflow.
• Dale - Dale is a system (no GC) programming language that uses S-expressions for syntax and supports syntactic macros. The basic language is similar to C, with the following additional features:
• Dark - Darklang is an integrated language, framework, and editor for building web backends: REST API endpoints, asynchronous background workers, scheduled jobs, and persistent storage. Darklang's framework is tightly coupled to the infrastructure, and as you write code you're able to develop from real incoming requests/traces.
• Dark Basic Pro - Dark Basic Pro is an open source BASIC programming language for creating Windows applications and games.
• Dart - Dart is a programming language designed for client development, such as for the web and mobile apps. It is developed by Google and can also be used to build server and desktop applications. It is an object-oriented, class-based, garbage-collected language with C-style syntax. It can compile to either native code or JavaScript, and supports interfaces, mixins, abstract classes, reified generics and type inference. Primarally used with the Flutter GUI toolkit.
• daScript - high-performance statically strong typed scripting language.
• Daybreak - Programming language that compiles to C
• Derw - An Elm-inspired language that transpiles to TypeScript. Derw is a type-safe language in the ML family designed to replace or augment your TypeScript and JavaScript code - both on the client and the server. If you've never encountered an ML language before, some of the core principles - which Derw follows - is a clean and concise syntax, paired with a powerful type system.
• DeviceScript - TypeScript for Tiny IoT Devices (ESP32, RP2040, ...). DeviceScript brings a TypeScript developer experience to low-resource microcontroller-based devices. DeviceScript is compiled to a custom VM bytecode, which can run in very constrained environments. [Tiny, IoT]
• Dictu - Dictu is a high-level dynamically typed, multi-paradigm, interpreted programming language.
• Dino - High-Level scripting object-oriented language:
• Draco - a new .NET programming language under development. If you want further details on the language itself or want to contribute ideas, head over to the [language suggestions repository](https://github.com/Draco-lang/Language-suggestions).
• DWScript - DWScript is an object-oriented scripting engine for Delphi based on the Delphi language, with extensions borrowed from other Pascal languages (FreePascal, Prism, etc.). It introduces a few Pascal language extensions of its own as well.
• Dyalect - Dyalect is a dynamic programming language for .NET platform. It is lightweight, fast and modern. Dyalect (or Dy for short) supports Windows, MacOS and Linux. Dy runs on the top of its own high performance virtual machine. It compiles fast and can be used as an embeddable language or as a scripting language of your choice. It is also a good language to learn programming. Dyalect offers modern syntax, inspired by such languages as C#, Swift, Go and Rust, first class functions, coroutines, expressive modules, a dynamic type system with an ability to extend existing types with new methods and much more.
• Dylan - Dylan is a multi-paradigm functional and object-oriented programming language. It is dynamic while providing a programming model designed to support efficient machine code generation, including fine-grained control over dynamic and static behaviors.
• Dyon - A rusty dynamically typed scripting language.
• Easylang - An easy programming language that runs in the browser. Easylang is a rather minimalistic simple programming language. Because of the clear syntax and semantics it is well suited as a teaching and learning language. Functions for graphic output and mouse input are built into the language. The language is written in C and is open source. Main target platform is the web browser using WASM. However, it also runs natively in Windows and Linux. The one-pass parser and compiler is quite fast. In the Web IDE, each time the Enter key is pressed, the program is parsed and formatted up to the current line.
• eC - An Expressive and Intuitive, C Style Object-Oriented Programming Language. eC comes bundled with the [Ecere SDK](https://ecere.org/), providing a comprehensive API for building apps ranging from games to business, for desktop, mobile and web platforms.
• Ecstasy - Ecstasy is a new, general-purpose, programming language, designed for modern cloud architectures, and explicitly for the serverless cloud. Actually, to be completely honest, it's the most amazing programming language ever. No, really, it's that awesome.
• Edina - Edina - A simple stack-oriented compiled programming language. Edina is a simple multi-paradigm programming language. It currently features a JVM compiler, a REPL and an ever expanding standard library. Edina is mostly a hobby project. Due to its stack-oriented design it's a little restrictive and hard to program in, but that's what makes it fun in my opinion.
• Edward2 - Edward2 is a simple probabilistic programming language. It provides core utilities in deep learning ecosystems so that one can write models as probabilistic programs and manipulate a model's computation for flexible training and inference.
• Effekt - A research language with effect handlers and lightweight effect polymorphism.
• Egel - Egel is an untyped concurrent functional scripting language based on eager combinator rewriting with a concise but remarkably powerful syntax.
• egison - Egison is a functional programming language featuring its expressive pattern-matching facility. Egison allows users to define efficient and expressive pattern-matching methods for arbitrary user-defined data types including non-free data types such as lists, multisets, sets, trees, graphs, and mathematical expressions. This is the repository of the interpreter of Egison.
• ela - Ela is a simple, yet powerful modern functional language with a state-of-art syntax. Ela combines strict and lazy evaluation, dynamic typing and features, which are normally adopted by statically typed languages, such as algebraic data types and Haskell style type classes.
• Electra - Electra is an esolang where you code like an electrician. Electra is inspired by AsciiDots. It uses instruction pointers that acts like currents in electricity. [eso]
• Elena - ELENA is a general-purpose language with late binding. It is multi-paradigm, combining features of functional and object-oriented programming. Rich set of tools are provided to deal with message dispatching : multi-methods, message qualifying, generic message handlers, run-time interfaces.
• ELFE - ELFE (Extensible Language for Everyday (and the Internet of Things)) is a very simple and small programming language specifcally designed for everyday programming, notably for the Internet of Things. While ELFE is a general-purpose programming language, it is designed to facilitate the configuration and control of swarms of small devices such as sensors or actuators. It can also be used as a powerful, remotely-accessible extension language for larger applications.
• Elixir - A dynamic, functional language for building scalable and maintainable applications. Elixir leverages the Erlang VM, known for running low-latency, distributed, and fault-tolerant systems. Elixir is successfully used in web development, embedded software, data ingestion, and multimedia processing, across a wide range of industries.
• Elvish - Elvish is an expressive programming language and a versatile interactive shell, combined into one seamless package. It runs on Linux, BSDs, macOS and Windows.
• EmojiCode - World's only programming language that's bursting with emojis. Emojicode is an open source, high-level, multi-paradigm programming language consisting of emojis. It features Object-Orientation, Optionals, Generics and Closures.
• Enterprise - Enterprise™ is a non-deterministic-unnecessarily-statically-typed™ Turing-complete-ish™, Quantum-out-of-the-box™ programming language.
• Eolang - EO (stands for Elegant Objects or ISO 639-1 code of Esperanto) is an object-oriented programming language based on 𝜑-calculus. We're aware of popular semi-OOP languages and we don't think they are good enough, including Java, Ruby, C++, Smalltalk, Python, PHP, C#: all of them have something we don't tolerate. EO is not planning to become a mainstream language-this is not what we want. Our main goal is to prove to ourselves that true object-oriented programming is practically possible. Not just in books and abstract examples, but in real code that works. That's why EO is being created-to put all that "crazy" pure object-oriented ideas into practice and see whether they can work.
• Erg - A statically typed language that can deeply improve the Python ecosystem.
• Erlang - A programming language used to build massively scalable soft real-time systems with requirements on high availability. Some of its uses are in telecoms, banking, e-commerce, computer telephony and instant messaging. Erlang's runtime system has built-in support for concurrency, distribution and fault tolerance.
• Eta - What is Eta? Eta is a pure, lazy, strongly typed functional programming language on the JVM. It brings two big ecosystems, the JVM and Haskell, together. This allows you to harness the best of both ecosystems to build your applications quickly and effectively. Eta's concurrency support helps you to build highly scalable systems.
• etalk - A Simple Object-Oriented Language
• Euphoria - Euphoria is a powerful but easy-to-learn and easy-to-use programming language. It has a simple syntax and structure with consistent rules, and is also easy to read. You can quickly, and with little effort, develop applications big and small for Windows and UNIX variants (Linux, FreeBSD, and OS X).
• F# - a functional-first, general purpose, strongly typed, multi-paradigm programming language that encompasses functional, imperative, and object-oriented programming methods. Developed by Microsoft for the .NET platform.
• F* - F* (pronounced F star) is a general-purpose functional programming language with effects aimed at program verification. It puts together the automation of an SMT-backed deductive verification tool with the expressive power of a proof assistant based on dependent types. After verification, F* programs can be extracted to efficient OCaml, F#, C, WASM, or ASM code. This enables verifying the functional correctness and security of realistic applications. The main ongoing use case of F* is building a verified, drop-in replacement for the whole HTTPS stack in Project Everest. This includes verified implementations of TLS 1.2 and 1.3 and of the underlying cryptographic primitives.
• Fantom - Fantom is a portable language that runs on the JVM and modern web browsers. It features a familiar Java-like syntax, static (and dynamic) typing, elegant system library, closures, immutability, actor concurrency, and much more.
• Fanx - Fanx is a full-stack programming language base on Fantom. It is an object oriented and static typing language with elegant libraries.
• Faust - Faust (Functional Audio Stream) is a functional programming language specifically designed for real-time signal processing and synthesis. A distinctive characteristic of Faust is to be fully compiled.
• fbgc - Small Language and Calculator in C
• Fe - A tiny, embeddable language implemented in ANSI C.
• Felix - An advanced, statically typed, high performance scripting language with native C++ embedding.
• Fennel - Fennel is a lisp that compiles to Lua. It aims to be easy to use, expressive, and has almost zero overhead compared to writing Lua directly.
• Feral - Feral is a dynamically typed, imperative, interpreted language which revolves (to most extent) around the idea of minimalism.
• Figaro - Figaro is a probabilistic programming language that supports development of very rich probabilistic models and provides reasoning algorithms that can be applied to models to draw useful conclusions from evidence. Both model representation and reasoning algorithm development can be challenging tasks. Figaro makes it possible to express probabilistic models using the power of programming languages, giving the modeler the expressive tools to create a wide variety of models. Figaro comes with a number of built-in reasoning algorithms that can be applied automatically to new models. In addition, Figaro models are data structures in the Scala programming language, which is interoperable with Java, and can be constructed, manipulated, and used directly within any Scala or Java program.
• Finch - Finch is a simple bytecode interpreted, purely object-oriented, prototype-based, dynamically-typed programming language. It's mostly inspired by Smalltalk, Self, and Javascript.
• Flix - Next-generation reliable, safe, concise, and functional-first programming language. Flix is a principled functional, imperative, and logic programming language developed at Aarhus University, at the University of Waterloo, and by a community of open source contributors. Flix is inspired by OCaml and Haskell with ideas from Rust and Scala. Flix looks like Scala, but its type system is based on Hindley-Milner. Two unique features of Flix are its polymorphic effect system and its support for first-class Datalog constraints. Flix compiles JVM bytecode, runs on the Java Virtual Machine, and supports full tail call elimination. A VSCode plugin for Flix is available.
• Flow - a safe, functional strongly-typed programming language.
• Floyd - Floyd is a general-purpose programming language designed for making very large and robust programs that run really fast, while ducking many of the problems of older languages. Floyd wants to become a better choice than C++, Rust, C#, Python and Javascript for any project.
• Forscape - Scientific computing language. Forscape solves engineering problems with an unprecedented level of abstraction so you get reliable results quickly. This high-level approach starts with intuitive syntax. Program with the same notation you use to write equations thanks to our innovative math rendering with semantic formatting. Matrices, fractions, symbols- write code using the same notation you use to think through problems on the whiteboard.
• frawk - an efficient awk-like language
• FreeBASIC - FreeBASIC is a completely free, open-source, multi-platform BASIC compiler, with syntax similar to MS-QuickBASIC, that adds new features such as pointers, object orientation, unsigned data types, inline assembly, and many others.
• FreeOberon - Cross-platform IDE for development in Oberon programming language made in the classical FreePascal-like pseudo-graphic style.
• FreePascal - Free Pascal is a mature, versatile, open source Pascal compiler. It can target many processor architectures: Intel x86 (16 and 32 bit), AMD64/x86-64, PowerPC, PowerPC64, SPARC, SPARC64, ARM, AArch64, MIPS, Motorola 68k, AVR, and the JVM. Supported operating systems include Windows (16/32/64 bit, CE, and native NT), Linux, Mac OS X/iOS/iPhoneSimulator/Darwin, FreeBSD and other BSD flavors, DOS (16 bit, or 32 bit DPMI), OS/2, AIX, Android, Haiku, Nintendo GBA/DS/Wii, AmigaOS, MorphOS, AROS, Atari TOS, and various embedded platforms. Additionally, support for RISC-V (32/64), Xtensa, and Z80 architectures, and for the LLVM compiler infrastructure is available in the development version. Additionally, the Free Pascal team maintains a transpiler for pascal to Javascript called pas2js.
• Frege - Frege is a Haskell for the JVM. It brings purely functional programing to the Java platform. Like any Haskell, it is purely functional, enjoys a strong static type system with global type inference and non-strict - also known as lazy - evaluation. Frege compiles to Java, runs on the JVM, and uses any Java library you want. It can be used inside any Java project.
• Fusion - Fusion is a programming language which can be translated automatically to C, C++, C#, D, Java, JavaScript, Python, Swift, TypeScript and OpenCL C. Instead of writing code in all these languages, you can write it once in Fusion. [Transpiler]
• Futhark - High-performance purely functional data-parallel array programming on the GPU. Futhark is a small programming language designed to be compiled to efficient parallel code. It is a statically typed, data-parallel, and purely functional array language in the ML family, and comes with a heavily optimising ahead-of-time compiler that presently generates GPU code via CUDA and OpenCL, although the language itself is hardware-agnostic and can also run on multicore CPUs.
• Fux - Flawless Unambiguous Programming - A Modern, Flexible Programming Language for All. Fux is a modern and flexible programming language, perfect for use in a variety of domains by both novice and expert developers. With its efficient use of LLVM, it provides performance similar to C++, while being portable and running on a wide range of platforms.
• Fuzion - A language with a focus on safety and performance. It unifies concepts found in other programming languages to improve productivity and shall provide tools for performance and correctness.
• GameMonkey Script - Embedded scripting language for C++ apps, tools and games.
• Genesis - Genesis is an interpreted, procedural, and Turing-complete Paleo-Hebrew programming language. Diacritical signs are forgone for simplification, though maybe Nikud can be used in prospect as a means for more reserved keywords.
• Giml - A functional programming language with emphasis on structural typing.
• Gleam - Gleam is a type safe functional programming language for building scalable concurrent systems. It compiles to Erlang and has straightforward interop with other BEAM languages such as Erlang, Elixir and LFE.
• Glide - Glide is a statically (and dynamically) typed language designed to make reading and writing data transformations easier. [refinement types]
• GLMS - A scripting language focused on linear algebra, heavily inspired by GLSL and JavaScript. [algebra, shaders]
• Gluon - Gluon is a static, type inferred and embeddabble language written in Rust.
• Go+ - The Go+ programming language is designed for engineering, STEM education, and data science.
• Goal - Goal is an embeddable array programming language with a bytecode interpreter, written in Go. It provides both a command line intepreter (that can be used in the REPL), and a library interface. The core features are mostly there and tested, so Goal is usable both for writing useful short scripts and playing with the REPL. User testing and bug reports are welcome! Like in most array programming languages, Goal's builtins vectorize operations on immutable arrays, and encourage a functional style for control and data transformations, supported by a simple dynamic type system with little abstraction, and mutable variables (but no mutable values).
• Goby - Goby is an object-oriented interpreter language deeply inspired by Ruby as well as its core implementation by 100% pure Go. Moreover, it has standard libraries to provide several features such as the Plugin system. Note that we do not intend to reproduce whole of the honorable works of Ruby syntax/implementation/libraries.
• Gosu - Gosu is a pragmatic programming language for the JVM. It has been designed with Java developers in mind by providing a set of features that allow them to be more productive without sacrificing the benefits of Java's simple syntax and type-safety. Gosu is an object oriented language with a sprinkle of functional programming features.
• Gravity - Gravity is a powerful, dynamically typed, lightweight, embeddable programming language written in C without any external dependencies (except for stdlib). It is a class-based concurrent scripting language with modern Swift-like syntax.
• Gren - Gren is a pure functional programming language that is easy to learn, but powerful in use.
• Groovy - Groovy is a powerful, optionally typed and dynamic language, with static-typing and static compilation capabilities, for the Java platform aimed at improving developer productivity thanks to a concise, familiar and easy to learn syntax. It integrates smoothly with any Java program, and immediately delivers to your application powerful features, including scripting capabilities, Domain-Specific Language authoring, runtime and compile-time meta-programming and functional programming.
• Gwion - A strongly-timed programming language aimed at music creation. Heavily inspired by ChucK.
• Halide - Halide is a language for fast, portable data-parallel computation. Also Halide designed to make it easier to write high-performance image and array processing code on modern machines. Rather than being a standalone programming language, Halide is embedded in C++. This means you write C++ code that builds an in-memory representation of a Halide pipeline using Halide's C++ API. You can then compile this representation to an object file, or JIT-compile it and run it in the same process. Halide also provides a Python binding that provides full support for writing Halide embedded in Python without C++.
• Hamler - Haskell-style functional programming language running on Erlang VM.
• Harbour - Harbour is the free software implementation of a multi-platform, multi-threading, object-oriented, scriptable programming language, backward compatible with Clipper/xBase. Harbour consists of a compiler and runtime libraries with multiple UI and database backends, its own make system and a large collection of libraries and interfaces to many popular APIs.
• Hascal - Hascal is a general purpose and open source programming language designed to build optimal, maintainable, reliable and efficient software.
• Haskell - A general-purpose, statically-typed, purely functional programming language with type inference and lazy evaluation. Designed for teaching, research and industrial application, Haskell has pioneered a number of programming language features such as type classes, which enable type-safe operator overloading. Haskell's main implementation is the Glasgow Haskell Compiler (GHC).
• Haxe - High-level and strictly-typed programming language, cross-compiles to many different targets.
• Hazel - Hazel, a live functional programming environment with typed holes
• Hazure - A ML-Inspired programming language that transpiles to Typescript.
• Hedy - Hedy is a gradual programming language to teach children programming. Gradual languages use different language levels, where each level adds new concepts and syntactic complexity. At the end of the Hedy level sequence, kids master a subset of syntactically valid Python. [children]
• Heron - Heron is a small cross-platform language that was designed for ease of use, performance, and safety with a JavaScript like syntax. Heron emphasizes pure functional programming code, but looks like a traditional imperative or object-oriented code.
• HGSL - A shading language that can be compiled into GLSL ES 3.0.
• Hilvi - Hilvl is a programming language that is versatile but with a very small syntax. All code in hilvl are single-argument invocations of actions that belong to services. Services are the fundamental building blocks of a hilvl program. And the name hilvl reflects how this is a higher level of abstraction than objects and functions.
• Hobbes - Hobbes is built for high performance integration with C/C++ applications.
• Hook - Hook is an imperative, cross-platform, dynamically typed scripting language that utilizes a mutable value semantics approach.
• Hope - Hope is a lazily evaluated functional programming language developed in 1970's by Ross Paterson. It influenced the design of other lazy languages such as Miranda and Haskell.
• Hush - Hush is a unix shell based on the Lua programming language. Hush is written in Rust.
• Hy - A dialect of Lisp that's embedded in Python.
• Húngaro - A syntax based programming language.
• Idris - Idris is a programming language designed to encourage Type-Driven Development. In Idris, types are first-class constructs in the langauge. This means types can be passed as arguments to functions, and returned from functions just like any other value, such as numbers, strings, or lists.
• Imba - Imba is a friendly full-stack programming language for the web that compiles to performant JavaScript. It has language-level support for defining, extending, subclassing, instantiating and rendering DOM nodes.
• Imp - Various experiments in relational programming
• Inform 6 - The latest version of the Inform 6 compiler, used for generating interactive fiction games.
• Inform 7 - Inform is a programming language for creating interactive fiction, using natural language syntax. Using natural language and drawing on ideas from linguistics and from literate programming, Inform is widely used as a medium for literary writing, as a prototyping tool in the games industry, and in education, both at school and university level (where Inform is often assigned material for courses on digital narrative). It has several times ranked in the top 100 most influential programming languages according to the TIOBE index. Created in April 2006, it was open-sourced in April 2022.
• Ink - Ink is a minimal programming language inspired by modern JavaScript and Go, with functional style. Ink can be embedded in Go applications with a simple interpreter API.
• Inko - Inko is a statically-typed, safe, object-oriented programming language for writing concurrent programs.
• Io - Io is a pure object-oriented (relying on prototype-based paradigm) programming language focused on expressiveness through simplicity.
• ISPC - Intel Implicit SPMD Program Compiler is a compiler for a variant of the C programming language, with extensions for single program, multiple data programming. Under the SPMD model, the programmer writes a program that generally appears to be a regular serial program, though the execution model is actually that a number of program instances execute in parallel on the hardware. [C dialect]
• ivy - Ivy is an interpreter for an APL-like language. It is a plaything and a work in progress.
• Ivy - Ivy is an extensible, dynamically typed, late binding language intended to be used as an embedded command language. It can also be used stand-alone: it can execute script files from the command line or presents a read-eval-print loop (REPL) to the user if no files are given. Ivy's extensibility is based on the fact that statements are syntactically identical to function calls. Also blocks (surrounded by braces) may be used as function arguments. Thus, new user-defined statements can be added just by defining functions. Function arguments are packaged up as thunks and may have their evaluation delayed and execution environment modified. This allows user defined functions to do many of the things that traditional language statements can do.
• J - J is a high-level, general-purpose programming language that is particularly suited to the mathematical, statistical, and logical analysis of data. It is a powerful tool for developing algorithms and exploring problems that are not already well understood.
• J* - J* is a dynamic embeddable scripting language designed to be as easy as possible to embed into another program. It arises from the need of having a modern scripting language with built-in support for OOP whilst mantaning simplicity of use and a low memory footprint. It can be viewed as a middle ground between Python, a more complete scripting language with lots of features and libraries, and Lua, a small and compact language that is simple to embed but doesn't provide OOP functionalities out of the box. J* tries to take the best of both worlds, implementing a fully featured class system while maintaining a small standard library and employing the use of a stack based API for communication among the language and host program, rendering embedding simple.
• Jakt - Jakt is a memory-safe systems programming language. It currently transpiles to C++.
• Janet - Janet is a functional and imperative programming language and bytecode interpreter. It is a lisp-like language, but lists are replaced by other data structures (arrays, tables (hash table), struct (immutable hash table), tuples). The language also supports bridging to native code written in C, meta-programming with macros, and bytecode assembly.
• Jank - Jank is a Clojure dialect which aims to offer the best of both worlds: dynamic and static. For both of these worlds, jank uses a single runtime, so the transition from one to the other is not only seamless, it can be gradual.
• Jasm - A JVM assembler for the modern age.
• Jinx - Embeddable scripting language for real-time applications.
• Juka - Juka Programming Language - Rapid Prototyping Language built to run on Azure Microsoft Server. Juka's goal is to be a universal programming language that can run on any platform. Juka is being built on top of .NET network and runs on any platform that supports .NET. Juka can also compile programs into executables.
• Julia - Julia is a high-level, high-performance, dynamic programming language. While it is a general-purpose language and can be used to write any application, many of its features are well suited for numerical analysis and computational science.
• KAGSA - KAGSA is a new Interpreted programming language based on Python, the language will be practical and reliable in your projects.
• Kalaam - Kalaam is the first-ever programming language in Hindi and has all the basic functionalities of a modern programming language. From for loops to while loops and from functions to conditional statements.
• Kalyn - Self-hosting compiler from a Haskell-like Lisp directly to x86-64, developed fully from scratch.
• KataScript - KataScript is a simple scripting language with familiar syntax, designed to be easily embedded in C++ applications ([In-Browser Demo](https://brwhale.github.io/KataScript/)).
• Kawa - Kawa is a general-purpose programming language that runs on the Java platform. It aims to combine:
• KCL - KCL is an open-source, constraint-based record and functional language that enhances the writing of complex configurations, including those for cloud-native scenarios. With its advanced programming language technology and practices, KCL is dedicated to promoting better modularity, scalability, and stability for configurations. It enables simpler logic writing and offers ease of automation APIs and integration with homegrown systems. [Configuration]
• Kempe - Kempe is a stack-based language and toy compiler for x86_64 and aarch64. It requires the nasm assembler when targeting x86_64.
• Kin - Kin is a straightforward programming language created with the purpose of aiding Kinyarwanda speakers in easily learning programming.
• Kind - Kind is a pure functional programming language and proof assistant.
• Kitten - A statically typed concatenative systems programming language. Kitten is a statically typed, stack-based functional programming language designed for simplicity, speed, and safety. This is an in-progress implementation of that language, including:
• Klaxon - Minimalist RPN language that compiles to x86-64 assembly
• Koka - Koka: a functional language with effects. Koka is a strongly typed functional-style language with effect types and handlers.
• L.in.oleum - L.in.oleum is an unstructured, untyped, procedural programming language. And more specifically, it's a form of cross-platform assembly language. It is oriented to the developement of general-purpose applications, especially when 100% portability, execution speed and module compactness is requested. This language has an almost 1:1 source-to-CPU instruction ratio, allows direct access to five general-purpose registers (performing basic operations from a theoretical 2 up to a pratical of even 10 times faster than memory-held variables), and if used well, is averagely twice as fast as C in pure computational power.
• Lark - Lark is an experiment in designing a homoiconic language with a syntax inspired by SmallTalk. It's very early, so there isn't much to see yet, but you can play with it.
• ldpl - Compiled programming language for Unix systems, inspired by COBOL and designed to be expressive, fast, readable and easy to learn.
• Leafscript - Leafscript is a lightweight programming language created as a proof of concept by someone with no idea how to write a language. It's written entirely in Golang, and was inspired by the speed and simplicity of Lua.
• Lean - Lean is an open source theorem prover and programming language being developed at Microsoft Research. Lean aims to bridge the gap between interactive and automated theorem proving, by situating automated tools and methods in a framework that supports user interaction and the construction of fully specified axiomatic proofs.
• Letlang - Functional language with a powerful type system.
• Libra - Libra is a basic stack-based programming language simulated through Haskell. Heavily inspired by Porth and Forth
• Libra - Libra - Lazy Interpreter of Binary Relational Algebra
• LispE - A _Lisp_ implementation with _Data Structure_, _Arithmetic Type_, _Array Instructions_, _Pattern Matching_ and many many different instructions and libraries. _LispE_ is a mix of functional and array languages.
• Lizard - Lizard is a domain-specific language to define and control hardware behaviour. It is intended to run on embedded systems which are connected to motor controllers, sensors etc. Most of the time it is used in combination with a higher level engine like ROS or RoSys. You can think of the microcontroller as the machine's lizard brain which ensures basic safety and performs all time-critical actions.
• LMQL - LMQL is a programming language for large language models (LLMs) based on a superset of Python. LMQL offers a novel way of interweaving traditional programming with the ability to call LLMs in your code. It goes beyond traditional templating languages by integrating LLM interaction natively at the level of your program code.
• Lobster - Lobster is a statically typed programming language with a Python-esque syntax that combines the advantages of an expressive type system and compile-time memory management with a very lightweight, friendly and terse syntax, by doing most of the heavy lifting for you.
• Lox - jlox & clox implementations of educational Lox language from great book "Crafting Interpreters".
• LSTS - LSTS is a proof assistant and maybe a programming language. Proofs in LSTS are built by connecting terms, type definitions, and quantified statements. Terms can be evaluated to obtain Values. Types describe properties of Terms. Statements describe relations between Terms and Types.
• Lua - Lua is a powerful, efficient, lightweight, embeddable scripting language. It supports procedural programming, object-oriented programming, functional programming, data-driven programming, and data description. Lua combines simple procedural syntax with powerful data description constructs based on associative arrays and extensible semantics. Lua is dynamically typed, runs by interpreting bytecode with a register-based virtual machine, and has automatic memory management with incremental garbage collection, making it ideal for configuration, scripting, and rapid prototyping.
• Lux - Lux is a new programming language in the making. It's meant to be a functional, statically-typed Lisp that will run on several platforms, such as the Java Virtual Machine and JavaScript, Python, Lua, or Ruby interpreters.
• Macro Lambda Calculus - lambda calculus using interaction nets, providing CLI and API. Its browserified version is available as [an online demo](https://codedot.github.io/lambda/).
• Magmide - A dependently-typed language intended to make provably correct code possible for working software engineers.
• Magnet - Magnet is an object-oriented programming language, that is prototype-based to the point of real types being absent in favor of duck types. E.g. every object providing a read method that returns a readable, is considered "readable" (meaning it can represent a string). Since this causes a recursion, there must be some "primal" readable to end that: Such primal readable is also known as a String Object in Magnet. Furthermore, Magnet is syntax driven. This means: Everything that can be done to reduce code, retain simplicity and to amaze the developer, IS done!
• Magpie - Magpie is a small dynamically-typed programming language built around patterns, classes, and multimethods. It has a prototype interpreter that runs on the JVM and an in-progress bytecode VM written in C++.
• MANOOL - MANOOL is a programming language designed with an idea to maximize the expressive power / implementation complexity ratio.
• MarkovJunior - MarkovJunior is a probabilistic programming language where programs are combinations of rewrite rules and inference is performed via constraint propagation. MarkovJunior is named after mathematician Andrey Andreyevich Markov, who defined and studied what is now called Markov algorithms.
• Mash - Untyped, lightweight, crossplatform OOP language.
• FALSE - I designed this language in ‘93 with two particular objectives: confusing everyone with an obfuscated syntax, and designing an as powerful language as possible with a tiny implementation: in this case a compiler executable of just 1024 bytes (!), written in pure 68000 assembler.
• Piccola - Piccola is a small, pure language for building applications from software components. Piccola is small in the sense that its syntax is tiny, and it is pure in the sense that it provides only compositional features — computation is performed entirely by components of the host programming language. The semantics of Piccola is defined in terms of a process calculus, an extension of Milner's pi calculus in which values communicated are forms, rather than tuples. A "form" is essentially an extensible nested record which also serves as a namespace in which expressions may be evaluated. This simple mechanism is responsible for much of the expressive power of Piccola.
• Suneido - Suneido™ is a complete, integrated application platform – a system for developing and deploying applications without the frustrations of integrating multiple different products. Suneido incorporates an object-oriented programming language, client-server relational database software, and application frameworks and components. It includes the integrated development environment (IDE) used to create applications as well as the client and server required to run applications across networks. Suneido is Open Source – it is provided free, with complete source code.
• Toy - Refinement types + dependent types = ❤️. A Toy proof-of-concept implementation of a language with refinement types that compiles to Idris.
• CASL - CASL (Compact Application Solution Language) is an easy to use Windows Integrated Development Environment (IDE) that allows you to build applications for the PalmOS®, PocketPC / Windows Mobile and Windows using a single set of code. You can easily create applications that target multiple operating systems using a high-level programming language (similar to BASIC) that will only take a small investment of your time to learn. Even if you have never created software before, CASL can help make your idea a reality.
• Cat - Cat is a functional stack-based programming language inspired by the Joy programming language. The primary differences is that Cat provides a static type system with type inferencing (like ML or Haskell), and a term rewriting macro language extension language called MetaCat. Cat is a high-level intermediate language translation that can also be used as a stand alone language for simple application development. In this way it occupies a similar niche to PostScript. Cat is also an appropriate language for teaching of basic programming concepts.
• Chalice - Chalice is an experimental language that explores specification and verification of concurrency in programs. The language supports dynamic object creation, dynamic thread creation (fork and join), mutual-exclusion and readers-writers locks, monitor invariants, thread pre- and postconditions. The language allows fine-grained locking via specifications that track fractional permissions for memory locations. The research project also includes an automatic static program verifier for Chalice.
• Circom - Circom is a circuit programming language and a compiler that allows programmers to design and create their own arithmetic circuits for ZK proofs.
• CLIPS - Developed at NASA’s Johnson Space Center from 1985 to 1996, the C Language Integrated Production System (CLIPS) is a rule‑based programming language useful for creating expert systems and other programs where a heuristic solution is easier to implement and maintain than an algorithmic solution. Written in C for portability, CLIPS can be installed and used on a wide variety of platforms. Since 1996, CLIPS has been available as public domain software.
• Rexx - Rexx is a structured, high-level programming language designed for ease of learning and reading. It was developed at IBM by Mike Cowlishaw. Rexx is a full language that can be used as a scripting, macro language, and application development language. It is often used for processing data and text and generating reports. Rexx is the primary scripting language in some operating systems, e.g. OS/2, MVS, VM, AmigaOS, and is also used as an internal macro language in some other software, such as SPF/PC, KEDIT, THE and the ZOC terminal emulator. Additionally, the Rexx language can be used for scripting and macros in any program that uses Windows Scripting Host ActiveX scripting engines languages (e.g. VBScript and JScript) if one of the Rexx engines is installed.
• Self - Self is a prototype-based dynamic object-oriented programming language, environment, and virtual machine centered around the principles of simplicity, uniformity, concreteness, and liveness.
• Robin - Robin is a functional programming language with eager evaluation, latent typing, and a homoiconic syntax (see Scheme), based on a radically simple core semantics (see Pixley) in which both functions and macros are defined in terms of a more basic abstraction, the fexpr. Expressions in Robin are referentially transparent; programs interact with the outside world through an event-oriented framework.
• RPL/2 - Reverse Polish Lisp/2 release 4.1.31, half-compiled high-level language using shared libaries and mainly aiming at scientific calculations and complex algorithms
• shc - shc - Generic shell script compiler
• SaC - Single-Assignment C is an array programming language predominantly suited for application areas such as numerically intensive applications and signal processing. Its distinctive feature is that it combines high-level program specifications with runtime efficiency similar to that of hand-optimized low-level specifications. Key to the optimization process that facilitates these runtimes is the underlying functional model which also constitutes the basis for implicit parallelisation. This makes SAC ideally suited for harnessing the full potential of a wide variety of modern architectures ranging from a few symmetric cores with shared memory to massively parallel systems that host heterogeneous components including GPUs and FPGAs.
• Scheme - Scheme is a dialect of the Lisp family of programming languages. It was the first dialect of Lisp to choose lexical scope and the first to require implementations to perform tail-call optimization, giving stronger support for functional programming and associated techniques such as recursive algorithms. It was also one of the first programming languages to support first-class continuations.
• SheerPower - Sheerpower is a next generation database and scripting language for Windows. It is supported on Windows 10, 11, and Windows Server 2016 and above.
• SimpleScript - SimpleScript is a simple programming tool for scripting languages (Perl, PHP, Python, Ruby, TCL) written in Obj-C/Cocoa. It can be used by experienced developers to write and test on the fly small routines, and is a good solution for educational purposes. Do not use it in production environments or to manage large projects.
• Slang - S-Lang is a multi-platform programmer's library designed to allow a developer to create robust multi-platform software. It provides facilities required by interactive applications such as display/screen management, keyboard input, keymaps, and so on. The most exciting feature of the library is the slang interpreter that may be easily embedded into a program to make it extensible. While the emphasis has always been on the embedded nature of the interpreter, it may also be used in a stand-alone fashion through the use of slsh, which is part of the S-Lang distribution.
• Sirius - Sirius is a general-purpose programming language which could best be described as a cross between Pascal and BASIC, although that may be misleading. Syntactically, it is similar to Pascal. Functionally, it resembles languages such as VAX BASIC and Borland's Delphi. Conceptually, it is like C in some respects: minimal keywords, access to low-level programming, etc. But the main idea behind Sirius is simply a programming tool which reduces the amount of time required to write applications. For instance, the language has all of the common data types built-in, so that you don't have to reinvent the wheel for linked lists, binary trees, queues, stacks, and the like. It also allows static strings and dynamic strings with automatic garbage collection.
• SMAL - The machine independant SMAL assembler and linker supports conditional and macro assembly and all linkage editing operations commonly associated with languages such as FORTRAN and C. It comes with a user's manual that also explains how to customize it to support a variety of machine instruction sets.
• SISC - SISC is an extensible Java based interpreter of the algorithmic language Scheme. SISC uses modern interpretation techniques, and handily outperforms all existing JVM interpreters (often by more than an order of magnitude).
• SPA - A simple interpreter of a pseudo assembler language.
• SPARK - SPARK stands for the Scanning, Parsing, and Rewriting Kit. It formerly had no name, and was referred to as the "little language framework." The first version (circa 1998) was described in the paper Little Languages in Python at the 7th International Python Conference.
• SpiderBasic - SpiderBasic is new web client-side programming language based on established BASIC rules. Its allows development of very complex, windowed based web applications, including mobile app for iOS and Android. It provides a large commandset to handle complex and reactive GUI, 2D games, and many more in a coherent manner. Every library and commands behave the same and have similar syntax for easier and faster learning.
• SR - SR (Synchronizing Resources) is a language for writing concurrent programs. The main language constructs are resources and operations. Resources encapsulate processes and variables they share; operations provide the primary mechanism for process interaction. SR provides a novel integration of the mechanisms for invoking and servicing operations. Consequently, all of local and remote procedure call, rendezvous, message passing, dynamic process creation, multicast, and semaphores are supported. SR also supports shared global variables and operations.
• STOICAL - STOICAL is vastly different from its predecessors. Primarily because so much has changed since the decades ago that they were developed. Today STOICAL is powerful and general enough to be used as a high performance replacement for semi-compiled and interpreted languages like Perl, Python, SED and Awk. And because of STOICAL's advanced support for networking and concurrent threads of execution, it can be used to write efficient long-running servers and daemons that would normally need to be written in C. The intent here is not to explore the intricacies of archaic systems, but to create a new and modern language, well suited to the world as it exists today. STOICAL might therefore be more accurately represented by the recursive acronym SINS, SINS Is Not STOIC, but this word has a remarkable stigma attached to it ;-)
• Strictly False - I have designed an eccentric programming language (Strictly False) an extension of Wouter van Oortmerssen's elegant False programming language. ... to run my interpreter (and my language is definitely more powerful), you need Moscow ML.
• SubC - SubC is a fast and simple public domain compiler for a clean subset of the C programming language. It can compile itself and passes gcc -Wall -pedantic.
• Superx++ - Superx++ is an object-oriented language that is entirely based on XML's syntactical structure. Superx++ conforms with the XML version 1.0 specification as published on the W3C web site. Programming in XML itself has great potential and Superx++ pushes the envelope!
• T3X - T3X is a small, portable, procedural, block-structured, recursive, almost typeless, and to some degree object-oriented programming language. Its syntax is similar to Pascal, its semantics resembles BCPL's.
• T3XFORTH - T3XFORTH is an old-school, plain vanilla FORTH system that is mostly compatible to FORTH-79 with some parts borrowed from FIG FORTH, FORTH-83, and EFORTH, and taking some inspiration from Leo Brodie's (classic, 1983) book, "Starting FORTH". T3XFORTH runs on 8086 processors under DOS on an IBM PC, or stand-alone using the PC BIOS. It can also run on 32-bit Unix systems using a T3XFORTH VM emulator.
• Tcl - Tcl is a high-level, general-purpose, interpreted, dynamic programming language. Tcl supports multiple programming paradigms, including object-oriented, imperative and functional programming or procedural styles. It is commonly used embedded into C applications for rapid prototyping, scripted applications, GUIs, and testing.
• ThinBasic - Very fast "BASIC like" programming language useful to Beginners and to Gurus. BASIC interpreter for Windows able to create console and gui applications with most of the user interface controls, automate process, automate data exchange, connect to databases, send mails, connect to ftp sites, rest api, parsing strings, tokenizing, traversing xml, handling files, Windows Registry, OpenGl, graphics, sound, printing ... and much more.
• Tint - Tint is a string substition language; it is intended to be used as an extention language. Tint Emacs is an emacs clone for Win32, Mac OS X, Darwin, and Linux. It uses Tint as its extension language.
• ToonTalk - ToonTalk is an interpreter for a concurrent constraint programming language. Concurrent constraint programming is a synthesis of concurrent logic programming and constraint logic programming. (See, for example, Saraswat). The class of languages for which programs are roughly interchangeable with ToonTalk programs include Oz, E-Lang, Janus, Flat Guarded Horn Clauses, KL1/KLIC, Flat Concurrent Prolog, Parlog, and Strand. The syntax of all these languages is textual while ToonTalk has an action-oriented video game animation syntax. The programming environment is completely different as well. In ToonTalk, the process of constructing, testing, and debugging programs closely resembles playing a video game. "From Prolog and Zelda to ToonTalk" is a paper discussing these ideas in detail.
• TwinBasic - TwinBasic: a modern, BASIC programming language, aiming for 100% backwards compatibility with existing VB6/VBA projects. A complete replacement development environment offering significant new features and improvements over the VB6 IDE.
• Tyro - TYRO is a very high level programming language designed mainly for the beginners of the programming, to develop a thorough understanding of the fundamental concepts of languages.
• Vala - Vala is a programming language that aims to bring modern programming language features to GNOME developers without imposing any additional runtime requirements and without using a different ABI compared to applications and libraries written in C.
• Verse - Verse is a programming language developed by Epic Games that you can use to create your own gameplay in Unreal Editor for Fortnite, including customizing your devices for Fortnite Creative.
• Visula - Visula is a general-purpose visual programming language (VPL) based on object-orientation. Visula programs are diagrams that are edited in a graphical editor. Programmers don't write software - they draw it!
• X Language - X Language is a new multi-syntax programming including a portable set of APIs to create console or graphical applications runnable on many platforms (UNIX/X11, Win32, ...). X Language comes with an interpreter, a compiler and a debugger.
• XIDEK - XIDEK provides technical guidance and source code so that you can readily design and implement an interpreter according to your own requirements. You may need, for example, to create a special interpreter for a domain specific language, script language, or other "little language". XIDEK can save you weeks or months of work. It gives you parsers, support modules, explanations, examples, organization and a framework upon which you can build.
• XL - A minimalist, general-purpose programming language based on meta-programming and parse tree rewrites
• Xojo - Build Native, Cross-Platform Apps. Rapid application development for Desktop, Web, Mobile & Raspberry Pi.
• XPL - The XPL programming language is a derivative of PL/I designed for compiler writing. XPL was first announced at the 1968 FJCC in San Francisco, CA. XPL is the name of both the programming language and the compiler generator system (or TWS: translator writing system) based on the language.
• XSB - XSB is a Logic Programming and Deductive Database system for Unix and Windows.
• ZetScript - ZetScript is a programming language with an API that allows bind C++ code in script side.
• Wikipedia's List of Programming Languages
• List of languages that compile to JS - List of languages that compile to JavaScript and many other transpilers.
• Programming Language Design - Programming Language Design is dedicated to the theory, design and implementation of programming languages.
• GitHub programming languages - A list of programming languages that are actively developed on GitHub.
• Lox implementations - Lots implementations of Lox language written in many programming languages.
• COBOL - COBOL is a compiled English-like computer programming language designed for business use. It is an imperative, procedural and, since 2002, object-oriented language.
• EML - Extended ML (EML) is a framework for specification and formal development of Standard ML (SML) programs. EML specifications look just like SML programs except that axioms are allowed in signatures and in place of code in structures and functors. Some EML specifications are executable, since SML function definitions are just axioms of a certain special form. This makes EML a "wide-spectrum" language which can be used to express every stage in the development of a SML program from the initial high-level specification to the final program itself and including intermediate stages in which specification and program are intermingled.
• emu - Emu (The EMbeddable Utility Language) is a clean, fast, flexible and free programming language. It is designed to be embedded into other files, such as text documents, web page etc
• Enchilada - Enchilada is optimized to efficiently and consistently share huge amounts of data (and code) in a distributed environment. Possible use cases:
• ABCL - ABCL: An Object-Oriented Concurrent System. The tenet of our ABCL research project is to exploit both paralle. lism and object orientation. Parallelism is ubiquitous in our problem domains; parallelism is not only the source of computational power, but also promotes structural simplicity/naturalness in design and algorithm. Object-orientation accompanying parallelism, enhances system modularity, flexibility, and safety.
• ACCEPT - ACCEPT, an approximate compiler for C and C++ programs based on Clang. Think of it as your assistant in breaking your program in small ways to trade off correctness for performance.
• Ada - A programming language for readable, correct, and performant software. Get started with Alire, the Ada package manager.
• Agena - Agena is an easy-to-learn procedural programming language suited to be used in scientific, mathematical, scripting, networking, and many other applications. Binaries are available for Solaris, Windows, Linux, OS/2, Mac OS X, Raspberry Pi and DOS.
• A+ - A+ is a powerful and efficient programming language. It is freely available under the GNU General Public License. It embodies a rich set of functions and operators, a modern graphical user interface with many widgets and automatic synchronization of widgets and variables, asynchronous execution of functions associated with variables and events, dynamic loading of user compiled subroutines, and many other features. Execution is by a rather efficient interpreter. A+ was created at Morgan Stanley. Primarily used in a computationally-intensive business environment, many critical applications written in A+ have withstood the demands of real world developers over many years. Written in an interpreted language, A+ applications tend to be portable.
• ABC - ABC is an interactive programming language and environment for personal computing, originally intended as a good replacement for BASIC. It was designed by first doing a task analysis of the programming task.ABC is easy to learn (an hour or so for someone who has already programmed), and yet easy to use. Originally intended as a language for beginners, it has evolved into a powerful tool for beginners and experts alike.
• Albatross - Albatross is
• AMPL - AMPL is the most powerful and intuitive tool for developing and deploying complex optimization solutions in business & scientific applications. AMPL connects to most commercial and open-source solvers and allows you to switch easily between them.
• AngelScript - AngelScript is an extremely flexible cross-platform scripting library designed to allow applications to extend their functionality through external scripts. It has been designed from the beginning to be an easy to use component.
• Apex - Apex is an interface definition language (IDL) for modeling software. Generate source code, documentation, integration, everything automatically.
• APL - APL (named after the book A Programming Language) is a programming language developed in the 1960s by Kenneth E. Iverson. Its central datatype is the multidimensional array. It uses a large range of special graphic symbols to represent most functions and operators, leading to very concise code. It has been an important influence on the development of concept modeling, spreadsheets, functional programming, and computer math packages. It has also inspired several other programming languages.
• APLX - is an advanced, second generation implementation of the APL language, closely based on IBM's APL2, but with a number of important enhancements.
• Atom - is a programmable, register based virtual machine for Win32 computers. The program is a text-base console application. The VM can be programmed using a neo-assembler language called Atom Assembler. This document discusses the VM and explains each opcode in Atom Assembler.
• AutoIt v3 - is a freeware BASIC-like scripting language designed for automating the Windows GUI and general scripting. It uses a combination of simulated keystrokes, mouse movement and window/control manipulation in order to automate tasks in a way not possible or reliable with other languages (e.g. VBScript and SendKeys). AutoIt is also very small, self-contained and will run on all versions of Windows out-of-the-box with no annoying "runtimes" required! AutoIt was initially designed for PC "roll out" situations to reliably automate and configure thousands of PCs. Over time it has become a powerful language that supports complex expressions, user functions, loops and everything else that veteran scripters would expect.
• AWKA - Awka is an open-source implementation of the AWK programming language. Awka is not an interpreter like Gawk, Mawk or Nawk, but instead it converts the program to ANSI-C, then compiles this using gcc or a native C compiler to create a binary executable. This means you must have an ANSI C compiler present on your system for Awka to work.
• B4X - Simple, powerful and modern development tools. With B4X, anyone who wants to, can develop real-world solutions.
• BAIK - BAIK is a scripting language which syntax is in Indonesian for Windows and Linux on Server, Desktop, Laptop and Embedded Computer, including IoT. It supports GPIO, Animation, PDF, UTF8, Printer, OOP, GUI, CGI, Databases, Graphics and TCP/IP.
• BCPL - BCPL ("Basic Combined Programming Language") is a procedural, imperative, and structured programming language. A stripped down and syntactically changed version of BCPL, called B, was the language on which the C programming language was based. BCPL introduced several features of many modern programming languages, including using curly braces to delimit code blocks.
• Beads - The Beads project is a daring attempt to generate a new language that will replace the current popular toolchain stack of HTML/CSS/JS/+Frameworks+Database, with a single language.
• BETA - BETA is a modern language in the Simula tradition. The resulting language is smaller than Simula in spite of being considerably more expressive. BETA is a strongly typed language like Simula, Eiffel and C++, with most type checking being carried out at compile-time. It is well known that it is not possible to obtain all type checking at compile time without sacrificing the expressiveness of the language. BETA has optimum balance between compile-time type checking and run-time type checking.
• Bla - We investigate an (unpure) functional language whose concept of environment is not implicit as in traditional languages, but made available explicitly as a first class value. This results in a semantics for environments that is best known from the object oriented paradigm, and gives us a united function/class concept in a very orthogonal way. We also look at the language as a real-world general purpose language, considering semantics (of type-inference, for example), implementation issues, and practical experience in using the compiler.
• Blue - The Blue Programming Language, A powerful, V E R Y Easy to use language, that can compile to eight of your favourite languages. A compiled, dynamically typed, object oriented programming language. Coming in at only 30 keywords, this is an easy to use language with unseen compiler speed. Blue is extremely powerful thanks to it's small, compact, file size. It was written in only 3200 lines of Haxe code.
• Bolin - A general purpose language that is:
• Boron - Boron is a scripting language similar to REBOL. The interpreter is a C library which may be copied under the terms of the LGPLv3.
• Castile - A simple imperative language with union types (and a compiler for same, with multiple targets)
• Common Lisp - A dialect of the Lisp programming language, published in ANSI standard document ANSI INCITS 226-1994. Common Lisp is not an implementation, but rather a language specification. Several implementations of the Common Lisp standard are available, including free and open-source software and proprietary products. Common Lisp is a general-purpose, multi-paradigm programming language. It supports a combination of procedural, functional, and object-oriented programming paradigms.
• Component Pascal - Component Pascal is a programming language in the tradition of Niklaus Wirth's Pascal, Modula-2, Oberon and Oberon-2. It bears the name of the language Pascal and preserves its heritage, but is incompatible with Pascal. Instead, it is a minor variant and refinement of Oberon-2 with a more expressive type system and built-in string support.
• Dialect - Dialect is an interpreted programming language with GUI, networking, and object oriented capabilities. The Dialect language (a.k.a. Aristar Dialect Pro) source code has been released to the public under an Apache style Open Source license. The source code is available on sourceforge.net directly from the CVS repository and also as a separate zip package file.
• Dragon - The Dragon is an innovative and practical general-purpose language. The supported programming paradigms are imperative, object-oriented, declarative using nested structures, functional and natural programming. The language is portable (Windows, Linux, macOS, etc.) and can be used to create Console and GUI. The language is designed to be simple, small, flexible and fast.
• E - E is an object-capability programming language and platform for writing distributed, secure, and robust software.
• Eiffel - Based on a set of principles, including design by contract, command-query separation, the uniform-access principle, the single-choice principle, the open-closed principle, and option-operand separation.
• elastiC - elastiC is a portable high-level object-oriented interpreted language with a C like syntax.
• FixScript - FixScript is an extensible scripting language designed for simple implementation and strong support for both backward and forward compatibility. You can use FixScript both as a standalone and embedded programming language. You can build standalone native executables for any supported platform from every platform. The best results are obtained when combined with the C language to get a very powerful tool. This way you can use the best of the two worlds, using the language for the high-level stuff and C doing the interoperability and fast stuff while having a good integration between both languages.
• Flavor - Flavor (Formal Language for Audio-Visual Object Representation) is an object-oriented media representation language designed for simplifying the development of applications that involve a significant media processing component (encoding, decoding, editing, manipulation, etc.). It provides a formal way for describing any coded audio-visual or general multimedia bitstream, and it comes with a translator that can automatically generate C++/Java code from the Flavor description. The generated code can readily be used as a bitstream parser, generator or tracing tool.
• Gambas - Gambas is a full-featured object language and development environment built on a BASIC interpreter.
• GAML - GAML is an agent-oriented language dedicated to the definition of agent-based simulations. It takes its roots in object-oriented languages like Java or Smalltalk, but extends the object-oriented programming approach with powerful concepts (like skills, declarative definitions or agent migration) to allow for a better expressivity in models.
• Garnet - what if Rust was small?
• GDScript - Scripting language built into the Godot game engine. GDScript is a high-level, dynamically typed programming language used to create content. It uses a syntax similar to Python (blocks are indent-based and many keywords are similar). Its goal is to be optimized for and tightly integrated with Godot Engine, allowing great flexibility for content creation and integration.
• GeneralScript - GeneralScript is a lightweight general purpose scripting engine which provides Scheme like syntax.
• Evlan - Evlan is a programming language and a virtual machine, similar to Java/JVM or C#/.NET, but with many advantages. While Java and C# are essentially small extensions to the 35-year-old C/C++ software paradigm, Evlan makes a point of being very different.
• execline - execline is a (non-interactive) scripting language, like sh - but its syntax is quite different from a traditional shell syntax. The execlineb program is meant to be used as an interpreter for a text file; the other commands are essentially useful inside an execlineb script. execline is as powerful as a shell: it features conditional loops, getopt-style option handling, filename globbing, and more. Meanwhile, its syntax is far more logical and predictable than the shell's syntax, and has no security issues.
• F - F is a pure functional concatenative language originally designed as an extension of False. F contains the list-operations of K3 and the dip combinator of Joy. Floating-point and symbolic datatypes are supported. One-time assignment is enforced in syntax. A theory of function-valence and -charge is outlined. F also contains a general continuation primitive $, and the pattern sublanguage of XY. G is a variant of F in which the K3 adverbs are implemented as primitives.
• Falcon - Falcon is an Open Source, simple, fast and powerful programming language, easy to learn and to feel comfortable with, and a scripting engine ready to empower mission-critical multithreaded applications. Falcon provides six integrated programming paradigms: procedural, object oriented, prototype oriented, functional, tabular and message oriented. And you don't have to master all of them; you just need to pick the ingredients you prefer, and let the code follow your inspiration.
• FAST - FAST is a new programming language, which combines the advantages of other programming languages:
• FBSL - Freestyle Basic Script Language (FBSL) is a programming language.
• ferite - ferite is a scripting language and engine all in one managable chunk. It is designed to be easily extended in terms of API, and to be used within other applications making them more configurable and useful to the end user. It has a syntax similiar to a number of other langauges but remains clean and it's own language.
• FermaT - The FermaT Transformation System is a powerful industrial-strength program transformation system based on the WSL language. FermaT has been used sucessfully in several major assembler to C and assembler to COBOL migration projects involving the conversion of millions of lines of hand-written assembler code to efficient and maintainable C or COBOL code.
• Fermat - Fermat is a computer algebra system for Macintosh, Windows, Linux, and Unix by me, Robert H. Lewis of Fordham University, that does arithmetic of arbitrarily long integers and fractions, multivariate polynomials, symbolic calculations, matrices over polynomial rings, graphics, and other numerical calculations. It is extremely fast and extremely economical of space.
• Ficl - Ficl is an acronym for "Forth Inspired Command Language". Ficl is a programming language interpreter designed to be embedded into other systems as a command, macro, and development prototyping language.
• FIJI - FIJI the ForthIsh Java Interpreter is an interactive environment with a procedural syntax similar to the Forth programming language. FIJI can load, introspect, and execute Java classes and methods. FIJI's main use is for unit and component testing of Java, or for an interpreter in an all-Java environment.
• Forth - A procedural, stack-oriented programming language and interactive environment. Forth is used in the Open Firmware boot loader, in space applications such as the Philae spacecraft, and in other embedded systems which involve interaction with hardware. Multiple implementaitons, both proprietary and FOSS.
• Fortran - A general-purpose, compiled imperative programming language that is especially suited to numeric computation and scientific computing. It has been in use for over six decades in computationally intensive areas such as numerical weather prediction, finite element analysis, computational fluid dynamics, geophysics, computational physics, crystallography and computational chemistry. It is a popular language for high-performance computing and is used for programs that benchmark and rank the world's fastest supercomputers.
• FScript - FScript is an extremely simple scripting language. Its intended use is as an embedded language in other Java programs. It is very simple to embed - it can be as simple as sub-classing one class to add your own functionality. However is not a complete programming language, as it has no library of standard functions (such as IO and string processing). FScript supplies a base functionality (such as flow control, variable handling and basic math operations) that can extended by the host application.
• Ftwalk - Ftwalk is a general purpose script programming language. It is based on the concepts of Awk, but has been extended to support features such as are found in languages like Perl, Python, and Ruby.
• Funnel - Funnel is a programming language based on Functional Nets. Functional Nets combine key ideas of functional programming and Petri nets to yield a simple and general programming notation. They have their theoretical foundation in Join calculus.
• MUMPS - Massachusetts General Hospital Utility Multi-Programming System, or M, is a high performance transaction processing key-value database with integrated programming language. It was originally developed at Massachusetts General Hospital for managing hospital laboratory information systems. MUMPS technology has since expanded as the predominant database for health information systems and electronic health records in the United States. MUMPS-based information systems run over 40% of the hospitals in the U.S., run across all of the U.S. federal hospitals and clinics, and provide health information services for over 54% of patients across the U.S.
• Misc - Misc is a simple but powerful programming language, designed especially for performing efficient calculations. Development of the Misc Engine is currently continued as part of the Descend project
• MIX/MIXAL - MIX is Donald Knuth's mythical computer as described in his monumental work The Art Of Computer Programming. As any of its real counterparts, the MIX features registers, memory cells, an overflow toggle, comparison flags, input-output devices, and a set of binary instructions executable by its virtual CPU. You can program the MIX using an assembly language called MIXAL, the MIX Assembly Language.
• ML/I - ML/I is a general purpose macro processor.
• Monkey - Monkey is a programming language designed by Thorsten Ball.
• Move - Move is a programming language based on Rust that was created by Facebook for developing customizable transaction logic and smart contracts for the Libra digital currency. Every transaction submitted to the Libra blockchain uses a transaction script written in Move to encode its logic.
• newRPL - newRPL is a re-implementation of the HP48/49/50 series calculators programming environment. The RPL scripting language is being redesigned and recreated with even more powerful features.
• GIMI - This is GIMI, the Graphical Interfaced Multitasking Interpreter. One of the few GUIs made in QuickBASIC featuring multitasking. This one has its own script language for making programs, damm fast SVGA modes, lots of programs, and more!
• Glee - The Glee Programming Language is a new vector oriented interpretive computer programming tool. It is inspired by array oriented languages like APL, J, and K. It attempts to deliver many of the useful and powerful features of those languages for manipulating numeric data. Further, it strives to provide new functionality for consistent and powerful manipulation of character data. It is targeted at applications where languages like PERL, Python, and Java have found secure homes. These are all scalar languages so Glee has something new to bring to the party ... vector processing.
• Gofra - Concatenative programming language
• GPP - GPP is a general-purpose preprocessor with customizable syntax, suitable for a wide range of preprocessing tasks. Its independence from any one programming language makes it much more versatile than the C preprocessor (cpp), while its syntax is lighter and more flexible than that of GNU m4. There are built-in macros for use with C/C++, LaTeX, HTML, XHTML, and Prolog files.
• Gri - Gri is a language for scientific graphics programming. The word "language" is important: Gri is command-driven, not point/click. Gri can make x-y graphs, contour graphs, and image graphs, in PostScript and (someday) SVG formats. Control is provided over all aspects of drawing, e.g. line widths, colors, and fonts. A TeX-like syntax provides common mathematical symbols.
• Guile - Guile is designed to help programmers create flexible applications that can be extended by users or other programmers with plug-ins, modules, or scripts. With Guile you can create applications and games for the [desktop](https://www.gnu.org/software/guile/#apps-using-guile), the [Web](https://www.gnu.org/software/guile/#apps-using-guile), the [command-line](https://www.gnu.org/software/guile/#apps-using-guile), and more.
• GYS - GYS has built-in lexical and expression analyzer, but during interpretation it calls different user code for executing commands, operators, conversions and value getting. The interpreter is fully runtime - it reads code and interprets it at once. GYS doesn't generate any intermediate code. User doesn't have to use stack to implement his GYS-derived script language. The "abstract" GYS interpreter can be called within application to execute the script according to the designed language definition and functionality. The library provides an easy and clear way to define a scipt language interpreter step-by-step: developer can define next language elements:
• Hack - Hack is built specifically for HHVM, a high performance runtime for your Hack applications, and reconciles the fast development cycle of a dynamically typed language with the discipline provided by static typing, while adding many features commonly found in other modern programming languages.
• Hare - Hare is a systems programming language designed to be simple, stable, and robust. Hare uses a static type system, manual memory management, and a minimal runtime. It is well-suited to writing operating systems, system tools, compilers, networking software, and other low-level, high performance tasks.
• Hylo - Hylo (formely Val) is a programming language that leverages mutable value semantics and generic programming for high-level systems programming.
• IvyScript - The IvyScript language is used to write business rules, for manipulating process data and to define data mappings for Axon.Ivy. Axon.ivy is a Digital Business Platform that simplifies and automates the interaction of humans with their digital systems. The platform is typically in charge of the most precious business cases where companies produce value."
• Jacinda - Functional, expression-oriented data processing language. APL meets AWK. A command-line tool for summarizing and reporting, powered by Rust's regex library.
• JME - Java Math Expression - a powerful mathematical evaluator in Spanish and a structured script language, JMEScript, that makes use of it.
• JS++ - JS++ is a programming language designed for high-quality web and mobile development.
• K - A proprietary array processing programming language developed by Arthur Whitney and commercialized by Kx Systems. The language serves as the foundation for kdb+, an in-memory, column-based database, and other related financial products. The language, originally developed in 1993, is a variant of APL and contains elements of Scheme. Advocates of the language emphasize its speed, facility in handling arrays, and expressive syntax.
• Kew - Kew is a powerful but small object-oriented programming language that offers many advanced features, including proper closures, first-class variables, relations, continuations, exceptions, dynamic variables, security, transactions, persistence....
• KiXtart - KiXtart is a free-format scripting language and has rich built-in functionality for easy scripting. It supports COM (providing access to ADSI, ADO, WMI, etc) and thus is easily extensible. Since version 4.50 KiXtart comes with inbuild pre-tokenization system for faster loading and smaller scripts and providing some level of intellectual property protection through obfuscation. 4.60 is the first version with com implementation which allows you to use kixtart from any windows application. 4.70 is the latest version
• Klong - Klong is an array language, like K, but without the ambiguity. If you know K or APL, you may be disappointed by Klong. If you don't know any array languages, it might explode your brain. Use at your own risk!
• Kogut - Kogut is an experimental programming language which supports impurely functional programming and a non-traditional flavor of object-oriented programming. Its semantics is most similar to Scheme or Dylan, but the syntax looks more like ML or Ruby.
• Lemick - Lemick is a programming language with BASIC syntax, it's a typed and a compiled language, its source is compiled into a platform-independent virtual machine assembler that is later transformed into a platform-dependent representation by the just-in-time compiler. Lemick supports concurrent and distributed programming (multi-threading and distributed multi-threading). Rendezvous are used for message passing; replicas and ultra-weak consistency model implement distributed shared memory simulation. Extension of exception handling mechanism, including distributed version is being developed now. Lemick favors mixed procedural and object-oriented programming style.
• LITTLE - LITTLE is a new programming language, looking like LISP, but pure Object-Oriented.
• Logtalk - Logtalk is a declarative object-oriented logic programming language that extends and leverages the Prolog language with modern code encapsulation and code reuse mechanisms while also providing improved predicate semantics.
• LSCRIPT - The Lcomp Scripting Engine is a scripting engine written in Visual BASIC for DOS 1.0 that can be used by a programmer to write automatated scripts to perform routine actions in DOS. It can be used as a simple automation tool or a vast programming language
• Lush - Lush is an object-oriented programming language designed for researchers, experimenters, and engineers interested in large-scale numerical and graphic applications. Lush is designed to be used in situations where one would want to combine the flexibility of a high-level, weakly-typed interpreted language, with the efficiency of a strongly-typed, natively-compiled language, and with the easy integration of code written in C, C++, or other languages. Lush is Free Software (under the GPL license) and runs on GNU/Linux, Solaris, Irix, and Windows under Cygwin. Lush can be used advantageously for projects where one would otherwise use a combination of an interpreted language like Matlab, Python, Perl, S+, or even (gasp!) BASIC, and a compiled language like C. Lush brings the best of both worlds by wrapping three languages into one: (1) a weakly-typed, garbage-collected, dynamically scoped, interpreted language with a simple Lisp-like syntax, (2) a strongly-typed, lexically-scoped compiled language that uses the same Lisp-like syntax, and (3) the C language, which can be freely mixed with Lush code within a single program, even within a single function. It sounds complicated, but it is not. In fact, Lush is designed to be very simple to learn and easy to use.
• Maude - Maude is a high-performance reflective language and system supporting both equational and rewriting logic specification and programming for a wide range of applications. Maude has been influenced in important ways by the OBJ3 language, which can be regarded as an equational logic sublanguage. Besides supporting equational specification and programming, Maude also supports rewriting logic computation.
• MCPL - MCPL is a simple typeless language which is based on BCPL. It makes extensive use of pattern matching somewhat related to that used in ML and Prolog, and some other features come from C.
• Mercat - Mercat is not really useful for anything much. It is, on the other hand, an excellent example of how to implement a self-hosted recursive-descent-parsed language and virtual machine
• METAL - METAL is a 100% free extended BASIC language metacompiler for PowerMac.
• Modula-2 - Modula-2 is a programming language developed by Niklaus Wirth at ETH in Zurich, Switzerland in the late 70's. Wirth also developed Algol-W, Pascal, Modula, and Oberon. Modula-2 corrects some of the deficiencies of Pascal. It is suitable for learning programming, for large projects written and maintained in the fashion of professional software engineers, and for real time embedded systems. Modula-2 is small, expressive, easy to learn and to read.
• mLite - a lightweight (and slightly odd) inhabitant of the ML universe. Much like ML, but with dynamic typing, guards, and a Haskell-style apply operator.
• Nasal - Nasal: Not another scripting language!
• Neko - Neko is a high-level dynamically typed programming language. It can be used as an embedded scripting language. It has been designed to provide a common runtime for several different languages. Learning and using Neko is very easy. You can easily extend the language with C libraries. You can also write generators from your own language to Neko and then use the Neko Runtime to compile, run, and access existing libraries.
• Nix - Expression language for the Nix package manager. The Nix expression language is a pure, lazy, functional language.
• ObjectScript - ObjectScript is a general purpose object-oriented programming language. It is designed to be simple to learn, easy to use, yet still powerful, combining the convenience of an interactive interpreter with many of the features of Java:
• Onyx - A data-oriented, expressive, and modern programming language
• OpenComal - OpenComal is a portable and free implementation of the Comal programming language written by moi. Currently supported platforms are Unix, MsDos and Win32 (95, 98, NT, 2000, XP and whatever they come up with next :-) Comal is a crossover between Basic and Pascal, with the best features of both and none of the drawbacks of either.
• OpenZz - OpenZz is an interpreted dynamic parser which is well suited to rapid development of parsing solutions, starting from rapid language prototyping to full fledged compilers. OpenZz is a dynamic LALR(1) parser which allows its grammar to be modified and extended by commands written in its own language as well as through functionality provided by external libraries. OpenZz is implemented as a C library and exports C-bindings, so it can be joined with other code libraries both by static linking and runtime module loading. OpenZz is being developed by the INFN for use in the compilation chain of the APE("ah-pei") series of highly parallel processing computers. APE systems are developed for performing LQCD physics research.
• PAIP - PAIP (pipe) is a universal filter application. It uses plugins to transmit and convert data. They can be nested, so the inner structures can become quite complex (non-linear). The command-line interface is similar to a programming language and very easy.
• PaxScript - paxScript is an interpreter of 4 object-oriented scripting languages: paxBasic, paxC, paxPascal and paxJavaScript
• Nice - Nice is a new programming language. It extends the ideas behind object-orientation in order to better support modular programming and static type safety. It also incorporates features from functional programming, and puts into practice state-of-the-art results from academic research. This results in more expressivity, modularity and safety.
• Nickle - Nickle is a programming language based prototyping environment with powerful programming and scripting capabilities. Nickle supports a variety of datatypes, especially arbitrary precision numbers. The programming language vaguely resembles C. Some things in C which do not translate easily are different, some design choices have been made differently, and a very few features are simply missing. Nickle provides the functionality of UNIX bc, dc and expr in much-improved form. It is also an ideal environment for prototyping complex algorithms. Nickle's scripting capabilities make it a nice replacement for spreadsheets in some applications, and its numeric features nicely complement the limited numeric functionality of text-oriented languages such as AWK and PERL.
• Nosica - Nosica is an Object-Oriented language, with a syntax similar to Java or C++, and with advanced high level features such as a strong type system, automatic memory management, and global code optimisation. Nosica is developped in Java(gcj) and is GPLed. The compiler is not very usable yet even if you can write non trivial programs. For example, the Nosica standard library already contains generic containers like Vector, or Map. The compiler translates Nosica source code into C and calls gcc to compiles the result in an executable.
• Nox - Nox is a programming language written in Rust. Memory and thread safety without compromising performance are the most important goal. Performance is also the most important goal. The language should be as simple as it possibly can given the above goals.
• Nsbasic - A complete, powerful development environment. Create apps for iOS, Android, Windows, MacOS and Linux.
• nScript - It is a simple script similar to C language. You can easily create small batch processes.
• NScript - NScript is a tool similar to WScript except that it allows scripts to be written in .NET languages such as C#, VB.NET and JScript.NET. NScript automatically compiles the code into an assembly in memory and executes the assembly. The NScript setup application associates NScript with ".ncs" (for C# scripts), ".nvb" (for VB.NET scripts) and ".njs" (for JScript .NET scripts) file extensions. This enables any code written in these files to be executed directly by double clicking on these files in windows explorer. I wrote this tool when I needed to write a script for automating builds. A simple batch file was not sufficient for the task and I preferred to write code in C# as opposed to VBScript or JScript. This tool came in handy as I could modify the scripts easily and execute them by double clicking on the files in windows explorer.
• Oberon - Oberon is a general-purpose programming language first published in 1987 by Niklaus Wirth and the latest member of the Wirthian family of ALGOL-like languages (Euler, ALGOL W, Pascal, Modula, and Modula-2).
• Objective Lua - Objective Lua is an almost pure superset of Lua that welds the Objective C object orientation system and syntax on top of the classic Lua language. It is written entirely in Lua and works by translating Objective Lua code into Lua code as it is loaded. This means that it's incredibly portable and incredibly fast.
• Objective-J - Objective-J is a new programming language based on Objective-C. It is a superset of JavaScript, which means that any valid JavaScript code is also valid Objective-J code. Anyone familiar with JavaScript and object-oriented programming concepts, classical inheritance in particular, should have no difficulty learning Objective-J. Familiarity with Objective-C will be helpful, but it is not required.
• Ox - Ox is an object-oriented statistical system. At its core is a powerful matrix language, which is complemented by a comprehensive statistical library. Among the special features of Ox are its speed, well-designed syntax and editor, and graphical facilities. Ox can read and write many data formats, including spreadsheets and OxMetrics files; Ox can run most econometric Gausstm programs. Ox comes in two versions: Ox Professional and Ox Console. Ox is available for Windows, Linux, Mac (macOS), and several Unix platforms.
• Peter - Gemtree Peter is a visual programming tool designed for a simple and fast generation of the programs for Windows 95/98/NT/ME/2000/XP/Vista. Its principal characteristic is the graphical presentation of the program structure. The program sections are assembled using the mouse like a jigsaw puzzle. Thanks to the justification check of the element combinations, carried out already at the time of the program generation, there is no chance of syntactic failure origination. The program presentation by means of a tree structure enables a considerable improvement of the program lucidity. The creation of the program is quickly becoming extraordinary easy and flexible.
• Pict - Pict, a concurrent programming language based on the pi-calculus. Pict is a language in the ML tradition, formed by adding a layer of convenient syntactic sugar and a static type system to a tiny core. The current release includes a Pict-to-C compiler, reference manual, language tutorial, numerous libraries, and example programs. The core language - an asynchronous variant of Milner, Parrow, and Walker's pi-calculus - has been used as a theoretical foundation for a broad class of concurrent computations. The goal in Pict is to identify high-level idioms that arise naturally when these primitives are used to build working programs - idioms such as basic data structures, protocols for returning results, higher-order programming, selective communication, and concurrent objects. The type system integrates a number of features found in recent work on theoretical foundations for typed object-oriented languages: higher-order polymorphism, simple recursive types, subtyping, and a powerful partial type inference algorithm.
• Pizza - The Pizza language is an extension to Java with three new features:
• PLC - PLC is a simple, powerful way to add custom scripting to any program. A basic C parser and interpreter is included, and new scripting languages can be designed easily.
• Pico - Pico is a tiny but expressive programming language that was especially designed to teach advance computer science concepts to students in other sciences than computer science (such as Physics and Chemistry). In a sense, Pico can be seen as a non-trivial marriage between the power of languages like Scheme, and, the standard infix notation students are used to from ordinary calculus. A.o., Pico features garbage collected tables (i.e. arrays), higher order functions, objects, meta programming and reflection. But above all, Pico is small! Really small!
• PILL - PILL is a scripting language for applications. The syntax (based on functional languages) might look weird but it have some advantages. It contains only a minimal set of functions, applications will have to register new ones via the interpreter's API in order to make it to replay the scripts as wanted. This abstraction offers a flexible way to expand scripts abilities to virtually any domain and to allow various applications to share/re-use foreign scripts.
• Prompto - The full stack language hosted in the cloud. Prompto frees you from time consuming tasks and lets you focus on making visible differences: creative web pages, meaningful data models and relevant business logic.
• Prose - In distributed computing environments, getting software components to integrate and communicate with each other can involve large teams of developers, and involve significant amounts of time and money. Such projects can be very difficult to manage. PROSE is designed from the ground-up to address these challenges with a range of innovative features that are unique to the language. It consists of:
• Pure Data - Pure Data (or just "Pd") is an open source visual programming language for multimedia. Pure Data is developed by Miller Puckette since 1996 and you can find it on his official website along with the official documentation and other related resources.
• PureBasic - PureBasic is a modern BASIC programming language. The key features of PureBasic are portability (Windows, Linux, OS X and Raspberry supported with the same source code), the production of very fast and optimized native 32-bit or 64-bit executables and, of course, the very simple BASIC language syntax. PureBasic has been created for the beginner and expert alike. We have put a lot of effort into its conception to produce a fast, reliable system and friendly BASIC compiler.
• Q - Q is an interpreted, dynamically typed functional programming language based on term rewriting which allows you to define functions using symbolic equations. It works on (32 bit) Linux, OS X, Unix and Windows, and comes with a bunch of useful libraries which turn it into a practical programming tool. The Q programming system is free software distributed under the GPL.
• Qogo - This application was developed to teach 5 to 10 year olds the principles of programming via the venerable "Turtle Graphics" paradigm. It is written in TCL so it runs on all computer platforms.
• RAD Basic - RAD Basic 100% compatible with your Visual Basic 6 projects.
• Brain - Brain is a high-level, purely object-oriented, prototype based scripting language, mostly similar to the Self language.
• BRL - The Beautiful Report Language. A language designed for server-side WWW-based applications, particularly database applications. It is based on Scheme, which makes the syntax extremely simple yet powerful. This implementation is a Java Servlet using the Kawa Scheme compiler.
• C3 - C3 is a xBase language compiler for 16, 32 and 64 bit's. It generates OBJs that may be directly linked to create an executable application for Windows.
• CafeOBJ - CafeOBJ is a language for writing formal (i.e. mathematical) specifications of models for wide varieties of software and systems, and verifying properties of them. CafeOBJ implements equational logic by rewriting and can be used as a powerful interactive theorem proving system. Specifiers can write proof scores also in CafeOBJ and doing proofs by executing the proof scores.
• Camelot - Camelot is a language of the ML family. It is strict, first-order but allows for use-only higher-order functions. It includes object-oriented extensions, mainly for creating and using objects in an existing class hierarchy. Programmers familiar with ML or Ocaml should have no problems understanding the basic language promitives. `
• Clip - Clip is CA-Clipper 5.3 compatible compiler for Linux-UNIX and Cygwin with new OO-model, FiveWin and GTK compatible GUI and many other useful features.
• Crow - - Crow programs can be run directly from source.
• CSL - The C Scripting Language (CSL) is a programming language available for Windows, OS/2 and UNIX systems. CSL follows the C syntax very closely. It is used like an interpreter: a program written with an editor can be run directly like any shell script. The CSL scripting engine can be integrated into own applications as a macro language. CSL offers two programming interfaces: A "C" API for 32-bit C compilers, and C++ class interface for selected compilers.
• DML - DML is a simple templating language designed for managing web sites based in static HTML files (no CGI, SSI, etc.). It has been obsoleted by DML2 which has in turn been obsoleted by XSLT.
• DML2 - DML2 is an object-oriented content storage and document formatting framework. Using a fairly simple, object-oriented language and a few templates, generating different types of media from the same source content is made easy. This tool has been obsoleted by XSLT.
• Draak - Draak is a Multilanguage Macro compiler. What does that mean? Draak is a compiler that has the ablity to compile any language for any platform by being a generic compiler. It reads in a language description file and uses it to compile a program. It has two parts: parser and macros. The parser replaces Yacc and Lex, and the macros replaces the code generation for traditional compilers.
• Dream Maker - The DM (Dream Maker) language uses a syntax similar to C/C++ to build networked multi-user worlds. This reference and the accompanying guide discuss the structure and function of DM.
• DustyScript - The intent of this project is to write a programming language powerful enough to retain a 8/9-yr old's interest but simple enough... that the syntax can be grasped by them
• EEL - EEL is a scripting and programming language, designed specifically for hard real time applications. The primary target areas of application are control engineering and audio synthesis, but EEL should also be suitable for game scripting and for adding scripting capabilities to real time multimedia applications. The syntax is C-like, but the language is higher level than C, and "safe" in the sense that EEL programs should not be able to crash the virtual machine or the host application. EEL has dynamic typing, automatic memory management, exception handling and built-in high level data types such as vectors, arrays and tables. New such data types can be added at run time by host applications. EEL compiles into byte-code that runs on a virtual machine, which means that no explicit support for specific architectures is needed for portability. The implementation is deliberately very self contained and has few dependencies, so that it can be easily integrated into "strange" environments, such as embedded devices running real time operating systems.
• ferite - ferite is a scripting language and engine all in one managable chunk. It is designed to be easily extended in terms of API, and to be used within other applications making them more configurable and useful to the end user. It has a syntax similiar to a number of other langauges but remains clean and it's own language. It's origins are from one of those "it seems like a good idea", the good idea was provoked by finding perl a real pain in the arse to embed (from what I gather it's easier nowadays). It started in the summer of 2000 (with various tries and fails within the pre-ceding two years). It is slowly maturing and should be fit for general consumption by the first quarter of 2003, by which point we start to add more exotic features.
• FiveTran - Fivetran, a FORTRAN language targeting Mako. Mako is an extremely simple stack-based virtual machine intended for the creation of video games.
• Gui4Cli - Gui4Cli is an interpreted, untyped, procedural programming language for easily creating Windows apps. It has a wide set of commands, it can be easily extended and can create self-standing executables. It is Event-driven, and intuitive and geared to creating stand-alone guis or interfaces for other, console driven programs (as it's name implies). The new version can also handle Unicode.
• ivy - Ivy is an open-source machine learning framework that
• Joy - The language Joy is a purely functional programming language. Whereas all other functional programming languages are based on the application of functions to arguments, Joy is based on the composition of functions. All such functions take a stack as argument and produce a stack as value. Consequently much of Joy looks like ordinary postfix notation. However, in Joy a function can consume any number of parameters from the stack and leave any number of results on the stack. The concatenation of appropriate programs denotes the composition of the functions which the programs denote. One of the datatypes of Joy is that of quoted programs, of which lists are a special case. Some functions expect quoted programs on top of the stack and execute them in many different ways, effectively by dequoting.
• Juliet - A general purpose programming language.
• Loko - Loko is an interactive interpreter for the Logo programming language targeting MakoVM, an extremely simple stack-based virtual machine intended for the creation of video games. Logo is best known for beginner-oriented "Turtle Graphics" functionality, but internally the language is actually a dynamically-scoped member of the Lisp family. As such, Logo provides sophisticated list manipulation facilities and support for higher-order functions.
• Maker - Maker, a Forth-inspired compiled language targeting Mako. Mako is an extremely simple stack-based virtual machine intended for the creation of video games.
• MakoForth - MakoForth is a small Forth dialect targeting MakoVM, an extremely simple stack-based virtual machine intended for the creation of video games. MakoForth should be moderately familiar to anyone who has been exposed to ANS-Forth. The major notable differences are the use of # as line comments, loop...(break)...again|until|while looping constructs and the inclusion of syntax for inline double-quoted string constants. Cells are always 32-bit two's complement signed integers.
• MASICA - An educational interactive TinyBASIC interpreter targeting MakoVM, an extremely simple stack-based virtual machine intended for the creation of video games. MASICA is designed to provide an absolute minimum of features and complexity while including what is necessary to illustrate core imperative programming concepts such as variables, iteration and conditional branches. Variable names are single letters. The MASICA interface is similar to that of early 8-bit microcomputers- a prompt which can evaluate commands immediately or store a sequence of commands prefixed with line numbers. Several commands for removing or editing existing lines are also provided.
• Ode - Ode is a stack-based, concatenative, functional programming language ..., with an interactive online development environment written in JavaScript. Ode is inspired primarily by the Joy programming language, which Ode aims to implement fully. You might even think of this language as an 'Ode to Joy'...
• Stroyent - Stroyent is an infix, procedural systems programming language targeting MakoVM. Stroyent syntax superficially resembles that of C, but there are many important differences in the semantics of these languages.
• Yorick - Yorick is an interpreted programming language for scientific simulations or calculations, postprocessing or steering large simulation codes, interactive scientific graphics, and reading, writing, or translating large files of numbers.
• Cylvre - Cylvre is a strongly typed, programming language with type inference for the JVM.
• Citrine - The inspiration for the Citrine Programming Language comes from Smalltalk (message-based, pure object oriented programming), JavaScript (prototypal inheritance), and BASIC (dynamic scope). The name Citrine refers to the yellow coloured gem and honours the short lived tradition to name programming languages after shiny minerals like Pe(a)rl and Ruby.
• Concurnas - Concurnas is an open source JVM programming language designed for building reliable, scalable, high performance concurrent, distributed and parallel systems
• Crema - Crema is a LLVM front-end that aims to specifically execute in sub-Turing Complete space. Designed to be simple to learn, and practical for the majority of programming tasks needed, Crema can restrict the computational complexity of the program to the minimum needed to improve security
• Curv - Curv is a programming language for creating art using mathematics. It’s a 2D and 3D geometric modelling tool that supports full colour, animation and 3D printing.
• Fleng - This software is an implementation of "FLENG", a low level concurrent logic programming language descended from Prolog. A compiler is provided to translate programs written in FLENG into assembly language which can subsequently be compiled and linked into a binary executable.
• Strand - "Strand" is an open-source implementation of the identically named parallel Prolog dialect as described in the book "Strand: New Concepts for Parallel Programming" by Ian Foster and Stephen Taylor. Strand represents a very elegant and concise notation for expressing concurrent and distributed algorithms using only a small number of fundamental language constructs and a very simple execution model.
• ABS - ABS is a programming language that works best when you're scripting on your terminal. It tries to combine the elegance of languages such as Python, or Ruby, to the convenience of Bash.
• Adamant - Adamant was to be a general-purpose language with high performance, deterministic safe resource management, and guaranteed thread safety.
• Aime - aime is an imperative procedural programming language, with a C inspired syntax. It is a high level programming language, with fully automated memory management, and strong static types.
• Blacklight - blacklight is a general-pupose multithreading concatenative stack-based programming language with first-class queues and objects with delegation.
• Jule - An effective programming language to build efficient, fast, reliable and safe software.
• atlantis - a system programming language and ecosystem
• Atom - A general purpose programming language that easy to use, read and integrated
• Burro - A digital typesetting language
• Carth - A Scheme-looking, purely functional programming language
• Creed - A concatenative language for text processing script, inspired by ed and sam
• Dusa - a logic programming language that has features of both Datalog and answer set programming.
• Elijah - a high-level language suitable for replacement of C/C++ and Java. (And of course any other language in existence or non-existence, except FORTRAN and NULL.)
• Kapreolo - an interactive functional programming language.
• Fig - a compiled, statically-typed, garbage collected and expressive programming language.
• Frost - Frost is a high-level, general-purpose multiparadigm programming language
• Fuzuli - JFuzuli is the JVM implementation of our programming language Fuzuli which is based on LISP syntax and Algol family programming logic. Fuzuli is a modern collaboration of these two separate family of languages.
• Lake - The Lake programming language: C but sweeter
• ldetect - execute different commands based on stdin text language
• Neon - to find out whether a useful programming language can avoid some of the common pitfalls that beginners frequently encounter in other languages. Some of these common errors avoided by design are:
• Pipa - Programming as fun as flying kite
• Rhumb - Experimental International Language
• Scopes - The Scopes Programming Language & Compiler Infrastructure
• Sunder - a modest systems programming language for Unix-like platforms.
• Wak - Stack-based text-processing language
• Swallow - A minimalist functional programming language
• Sylvan - A general-purpose programming language that aspires to have support for attribute grammars, managed effects, and efficient pure functional programming.
• Thon - a small functional language
• violet - A programming language, half theorem prover
• ghūl - ghūl is a general-purpose, statically-typed, managed programming language. It supports object-oriented programming with functional elements through a quirky syntax reminiscent of ALGOL 68 and Pascal that aims to be both expressive and readable. The language targets .NET and interoperates with the .NET ecosystem. The [self-hosting ghūl compiler](https://github.com/degory/ghul), written entirely in ghūl, shows the language's capabilities and dogfooding philosophy.
• Dashrep - Dashrep™, the text-manipulation programming language that is powerful and fast, yet simple
• Formality - Formality is an efficient proof language. An lightweight proof-gramming language. It aims to be:
• Dhall - Dhall is a programmable configuration language that you can think of as: JSON + functions + types + imports
• Darklang - a combined language, editor, and infrastructure to make it easy to build backends and CLIs.
• Dashrep - Dashrep™, the text-manipulation programming language that is powerful and fast, yet simple
• Amiga E - E is an object-oriented/procedural/unpure functional/whatever language with quite a popular implementation on the amiga. It’s mainly influenced by languages such as C++, Ada, Lisp etc., and features extremely fast compilation, inline assembler, large set of integrated functions, powerful module concept, flexible type-system, quoted expressions, immediate and typed lists, parametric and object polymorphism, exception handling, inheritance, data-hiding, methods, multiple return values, default arguments, register allocation, fast memory management, unification, LISP-Cells, macro-preprocessing, a very powerful source-level debugger, gui-toolkit, library linker, and then some.
• Gödel - Gödel is a declarative, general-purpose programming language in the family of logic programming languages. It is a strongly typed language, the type system being based on many-sorted logic with parametric polymorphism. It has a module system. Gödel supports infinite precision integers, infinite precision rationals, and also floating-point numbers. It can solve constraints over finite domains of integers and also linear rational constraints. It supports processing of finite sets. It also has a flexible computation rule and a pruning operator which generalises the commit of the concurrent logic programming languages. Considerable emphasis is placed on Gödel's meta- logical facilities which provide significant support for meta-programs that do analysis, transformation, compilation, verification, debugging, and so on
• PowerMops - A full featured, stand-alone development environment for programming the Macintosh written by Mike Hore.
• ETAC - ETAC™ (pronounced: E-tack) is a syntactically simple but extremely versatile general purpose dictionary and stack based interpreted script programming language fully capable of traditional high-level block structured language style syntax.
• evolve - Evolve is an interpreted programming language, it has been designed to be easy to use so anyone can quickly learn how to write a PC program. To this end the instruction set has been kept to a minimum and the commands and syntax have been kept as simple as possible.
• Cecil - Cecil is a purely object-oriented, type-safe, garbage-collected language intended to support rapid construction of high-quality, extensible software.
• Cyclone - Cyclone is like C: it has pointers and pointer arithmetic, structs, arrays, goto, manual memory management, and C’s preprocessor and syntax. It adds features such as pattern matching, algebraic datatypes, exceptions, region-based memory management, and optional garbage collection.
• Diesel - Diesel is a purely object-oriented, type-safe, garbage-collected language intended to support rapid construction of high-quality, extensible software. Diesel is an evolutionary successor to Cecil, retaining Cecil's support for multimethods, first-class function objects, uniform access to all instance variables and methods via dynamically dispatched messages, predicate classes, multiple inheritance, open classes where methods and instance variables are declared separately from their classes, and a constraint-based polymorphic static type system.
• L.B.Stanza - L.B. Stanza (or Stanza for short) is a new optionally-typed general purpose programming language from the University of California, Berkeley. Stanza was designed to help programmers tackle the complexity of architecting large programs and significantly increase the productivity of application programmers across the entire software development life cycle.
• Myrddin - Myrddin is a programming language. It aims for control and simplicity. It features strong type checking, generics, type inference, closures, and traits. It aims to fit into a similar niche as C, but with fewer bullets in your feet. Myrddin does not aim to explore the forefront of type theory or compiler technology. It does not focus on guaranteeing perfect safety. It is satisfied to be a practical, small language.
• Polyglot - Polyglot is a highly extensible compiler front end for the Java programming language. It is implemented as a Java class framework using design patterns to promote extensibility. Using Polyglot, language extensions can be implemented without duplicating code from the framework itself. Polyglot has been used to implement domain-specific languages, to explore language design ideas, to simplify Java for pedagogical purposes, and for various code transformations such as optimization and fault injection.
• SpécialK - SpécialK, an anaesthetizing algorithmic language. The SpécialK language is a logical and functionnal language similar to Erlang, and used in 2nd year of CS at the university of Nice in algorithmics course of E.Kounalis. SpécialK is a SpécialK to Scheme compiler.
• Teal - A typed dialect of Lua
• Thistle - Thistle is a programming language and compiler, suitable for introductory programming instruction. It creates a single file, compiled executable application. Thistle comes with a code editor, helpfile, sample code, and the FASM assembler. There are two versions of Thistle. Thistle creates a console application. Thistle-Win creates a Windows application.
• Vortex - Vortex is a language-independent optimizing compiler infrastructure for object-oriented and other high-level languages, written entirely in Cecil. It primarily operates as a whole-program optimizer, performing aggressive analyses and optimizations given the whole program. It has front-ends for Cecil, Diesel, Smalltalk, Java, C++, and Modula-3. These front-ends translate into the Vortex RTL intermediate language. Vortex produces either portable C++ code or SPARC assembly code.